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"One thing more we do most sincerely hope,-that the Romans will forget all nonsense about Romulus and Remus, and all the Brutuses; and give up the She-wolf, with all the sickly classicalities of Arcadia, and the puerilities of academical mythology. Rome of the Popes' is their birthplace, and the heroes of the Church are their best forefathers. Pagan Rome' is no longer theirs; it belongs to the schoolboys-to those who get impositions for not remembering who Mummius was, or how many divisions there are in an As."-Dublin Review, No. XLVIII. p. 485.

"If we calmly weigh the merits and defects of the ecclesiastical government, it may be praised in its present state, as a mild, decent and tranquil system, exempt from the dangers of a minority, the sallies of youth, the expenses of luxury, and the calamities of war."-Gibbon. Decline and Fall, &c. ch. LXX. p. 407.

"Presso agl'Italiani la tutela della publica libertà, e la potestà, che dee servir di freno a chi ha il governo in mano, male, anzi pessimamente sarebbe commessa ad assemblee numerose, popolari e publiche; e chi ciò facesse, non constituirebbe un modo laudabile di reggimento, ed aprirebbe la fonte di estremi, e forse eterni mali all' Italia."- Botta. Storia d'Italia, l. 50. p. 271.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME III.

" BOOK VI.

MEDIEVAL PAGANISM IN ROME.

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The Jurists sustain the pretensions of the Emperor.
Adrian IV. reprobates the tyrannical doctrines sanc-

tioned by the Lombard clergy.

Barbarities of the Emperor in Lombardy

Adrian IV. refuses the kiss of peace to the Emperor 10

Character of Adrian IV.

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Comparison between Alexander III. and Pius IX.
Struggle of the Milanese against the Emperor
Frederick, a religious war

Devotion of the Lombards to the See of Rome de-

monstrated

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The Pope at Ferrara-would have no treaty of peace
but one that included those who fought for the
Church and Italian liberty

Octavian and the Antipopes repudiated by the

Emperor

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Liberty of the Italian cities secured by the Pope
Romans on the Pagan side of the Tiber friendly to
despotic claims of the Emperors

65

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