Dr Tennant,

are still in the same state here (India) they were in among the ancient Romans, adscripti gleba, a sort of appendage to the land, and sold along with it."

Note Q. Page 120.

The soils in Hindostan are very various, and the rich requires less labour than the poor, but the tithe of the latter is exacted according to its scanty increase. Indeed, from the circumstance of their not being strictly leased, the condition of the peasant is nearly the same, whatever be the produce of his labour: he is universally poor. His house, clothing, and implements of every kind, do not amount to the value of a pound sterling. TENN. vol. i. p. 95.

Note R. Page 128.

While the author was engaged in preparing the above hints, he was struck with agreeable surprise to learn from the public papers, that the subject having been taken up, at the suggestion of Lord Melville, by the Honourable East India Company, it had been resolved to form a dock, and a considerable establishment for building vessels, on Prince of Wales' Island.

Note S. Page 129.

A man who understands the manufacturing of glazed earthen ware would be very useful in this country. Bapt. Acc. No. IV. p. 321.

Note T. Page 129.

Bernier says, That although Hindoo lapidaries will cut stones which baffle the skill of European artists, yet the latter can superinduce a finer polish.

Note U. Page 129.

This metal is found in some of the northern districts, particularly about Agra, but is neither frequent nor plentiful.

Note X. Page 131.

Our own island affords an instance of extreme rapidity in the progress of such arts; and any one, whose curiosity leads him to investigate the subject minutely, may consult with pleasure the comparative statements first published in the Edinburgh Courant, and afterwards inserted in the collection entitled Fugitive Pieces, pp. 63, &c. and 103, &c.

Note Y. Page 131.

It has been suggested by a late traveller in India, that as all the hosiery is still knitted in Bengal, the introduction of the stocking-frames might be of great service.

Note Z. Page 132.

There is some reason to presume, that the finer muslins were formerly manufactured in India. Tavernier says, that when Ali Beg, the ambassador from Persia, returned from Hindostan, he presented his master with a cocoa nut, set with pearls, inclosing a turban of muslin 60 cubits long, and so fine, that the cloth could scarcely be felt by the hand.

Note AA. Page 141.

Any one who wishes to form an idea of the extent to which this traffic is carried, and the loss sustained by the India proprietors and the country, may consult the discussions on the question respecting the house of David Scott and Co. published in the Annual Asiatic Register for A. D. 1800.

Note BB. Page 148.

Scilicet ingenuas didicisse fideliter artes
Emollit mores, nec sinit esse feros.

Note CC. Page 157.

But let us not carry the matter too far. The cause of Christianity can never be ultimately promoted by the indiscreet zeal of ignorance or of error. It has been customary to assert, that the sages of the heathen world, ancient and modern, were altogether ignorant of these two sublime rules of morality, promulgated the Gospel," Whatsoever ye would that men should do to

you, that do ye also to them," and "recompense to no man evil for evil, but overcome evil with good;" and the assertion is almost universally true. But it ought not to be hazarded without limitation. As a great eastern authority remarks, the first rule is employed in the speech of Lysias, expressed in distinct phrases by Thales and Pittacus, and delivered by Confucius, the celebrated Chinese philosopher; and, while he tenders a prudent caution to Christian missionaries in India to beware of asserting what every learned native will be able at once to disprove, he produces some beautiful illustrations of the second, drawn from the Hindoo and Mahometan writings. "The duty of a good man, even in the moment of destruction, consists not only in forgiving, but in a desire of benefiting, his destroyer; as the sandal-tree sheds perfume on the axe which fells it." Arya Couplet,

Learn from yon orient shell to love thy foe,

And strew with pearls the hand that gives thee woe :
Free, like yon rock, from base vindictive pride,
Emblaze with gems the wrist that rends thy side.
Mark where yon tree rewards the stony shower,
With fruit nectarious, or the balmy flower.
All nature calls aloud, Shall man do less
Than heal the smiter, and the railer bless!
HAFIZ.

The truth seems to be, that the deficiency in prescription was almost always great and mournful; and that even where the rule did exist, it was an incidental suggestion, rather than an authoritative precept; was seldom brought into the view of the common people; was not enforced by a divine sanction, or by motives sufficiently powerful to influence the conduct. The same is the case at this day. Braminical or Chinese morality forms no exception.

Note DD. Page 166.

Brahma is represented as the patron of thieves: Vishnu is said to have seduced 16,000 virgins: and Seeb, upon seeing a beautiful damsel, offered to abandon his wives, his family, and all his holiness, for her. Bapt. Mag.

Note EE. Page 210.

The author is speaking of those versions of the Scriptures which are already dispersed, or about to be put into circulation. The Baptist missionaries having some time ago printed the Scriptures in the Bengalee, are now preparing a translation into the Hindostanee, a dialect which is more generally spoken. Farther information on this interesting subject has been lately communicated to the public. From the first Number of the Report of the Foreign and British Bible Society, we learn, that they are in possession of a version in the Malabar language, communicated by the Christian benevolence of Grandville Sharpe, Esq.; and that translations into the Tamulic, Hindostanee, and Malay tongues, compose part of the library of the Elector of Wirtemberg, to which, it is presumable, the society may have access. Such discoveries are extremely opportune, and the facilities which they afford of conveying the glad tidings of salvation to the tribes on the great Indian peninsula, we may venture to hope will be speedily improved. A committee of the above society has been appointed to correspond on the subject with some of the most intelligent persons in Hindostan. The generosity of the public in supporting the expences of the Baptist publication, has already been honourably approved. Let piety wisdom and zeal co-operate in prosecuting the grand object; and means will not be wanting.

Note FF. Page 219.

The author is not ashamed to avow himself a presbyterian; and he conceives, that much might be said to recommend the system he has espoused to the adoption of Christians; and he must wish to see it prevail. At the same time he respects the convictions of others--the institution of churchgovernment, though very important in itself, must, in the arrangements for establishing Christianity in any country, be subsequent (as is supposed in the text) to the dispensation of the Gospel there, and, while it is the duty of the ministers of the Word to teach and to inculcate authoritatively all the doctrines and all the laws of Jesus Christ, while it is incumbent upon all to co-operate in framing the church upon the evangelical model, it is also the privilege of the people, and in the case before us, of the converts to Christianity, to select (under a high responsibility to their great Master) that

form of church order which shall appear to them most agreeable to the Scriptures.

Note GG. Page 231.

The above lines are extracted from Grant's prize poem, and appeared so beautiful and appropriate, that the author could not deny himself the pleasure, which the printing of the Essay offered him, of inserting them here.

EDINBURGH:

Printed by James Ballantyne.

FINIS.