dered, or Govern'd, without being Distributed into leffer Societies, with Governors appointed over them: As you fee an Army continues to be One, tho' there may be many Subordinate Officers in it, each of them commanding his Legion, or his Cohort, or his Company; Or, as you fee One Kingdom Subdivided into many Counties, and each County having its own Sheriff; or, as you fee One City Subdiftinguish'd into many lef fer Corporations; fo 'tis with the Catholick Church. Particular Churches are Particular Legions United in One Army under Chrift their Common General; or Particular Counties United in One Kingdom, under Chrift their Common King; or Particular Corpora tions United iu One City under Chrift their Common Sovereign. All Particular Churches are only Churches of Chrift, in fo far as they are Parts or Members of Chrift's One Catholick Church."

5. The next Thing to be confider'd is, What that is that Unites All Chriftians into One Body? And that this may be distinctly understood, we muft enquire, 1. Wherein the Unity of the Catholick Church confifts? And 2. Wherein confifts the Unity of a Par ticular Church?

6. Begin we with the firft Enquiry, which is, wherein confifts the Unity of the Catholick Church? And, ere I proceed further, I will prefume to take it for granted, that you do not think, that to Unite all Chriftians in one Body, it is either Neceflary or Expedient E

that

that they be all fubjected to One Vifible Head. There is not the leaft Intimation of One Univerfal Vifible Paftor, in all the Divine Records, nor in any of the Monuments of the primitive Church. This has been effectually proved by many Proteftant Divines: By none more clearly or more fully than by the Admirable Dr. Barrow in his Treatife of the Popes Supremacy: And nothing more certain, than that the Unity of the Catholick Church was much better provided for, and much better preferved, before any fuch Univerfal Paftor was heard of, than ever it was fince. This I know you will readily affent to, and therefore I fhall infift no longer on it. But then,

7: I must tell you that, I am afraid, the Unity of the Catholick Church, after due thinking, will not be found to confift in those Things on which you (Vind. p. 8.) have ftated it. Tis eafy (fay you) to few that the Prefbyterians of this Nation cannot at this time, be justly Charged with the Guilt of Schifm of any kind, fure not from the Catholick Church. Why? They profefs with her, One Lord, One Faith, and One Baptifm, and Love to all them who profefs Faith in, and Love to the Lord Jefus Chrift, and Live accordingly. And you add that you have alfo a Love and Refpect to all the Churches of Chrift and, that you do not deny thofe to be Churches of Chrift with whom you cannot have Actual Communion in Worship; because you conceive you cannot do it without Sin. Now, Sir.

8. I

8. I will not at prefent put you to the trou ble of giving a Reafon for your faying, that the Prefbyterians of this Nation cannot, at this time, be juftly charged with the Guilt of Schifm Nor will I infer from it that it seems you are ready to own that fome time or other they might have been involv'd in that Guilt: All I am concern'd for, is, that none of thofe things you have faid is fufficient to constitute the Unity of the Church; nor, by confequence to purge your Party of the Guilt of Schifm.

9. I. I readily grant, that to combine all Chriftians into One Body, One Catholick Society, 'tis neceffary that they profefs the fame Faith; without Unity of Faith, at least as to Maiu aud Fundamental Articles, they cannot be United into One Sect; (as Sect fignifies a Number of People, profeffing the fame Principles) much lefs into One Society. And yet Unity of Faith, by it self is not fufficient to Unite them into Ore Society. People may profefs the fame Main and Fundamental Articles of Faith, and yet make Different, nay Oppofite Societies, and have Different and Oppofite Communions: Thus the Novatians and Donatifts of old profefs'd the fame Main and Fundamental Articles of Faith, which the Catholicks profefs'd, and yet they were divided from the Catholick Church. St. Auguftine has many Paffages that might be pertinently cited to this Purpofe.

You have

(4) Nobifcum eft is (Donatifta) in Bap tifmo, in Symbolo, in Cæteris Dominicis Sacramentis; in Spiritu autem unitatis & vin. culo Pacis, in ipfa de niq: Catholica Ecclefi, nobifcum non eftis Auguft. Ep. 4. And again. In multis erant mecum. Baptif mum habebamus utriq; in eo erant mecum. Evangelium u triq; legebamus; erant in eo mecum. Fefta Martyrum celebrabamus; erant ibi mecum.Pafchæ folem nitatem frequentabamus;erant ibi mecum. Sed non omnino, mecum: In Schifmate, no mecum. In Hæ refi. non mecum. dem in Pfalm. 54.

Two on the Margin (a) for a Sample. Nay in our own Times we have Experience enough of this: The fame Main and Fundamental Articles of Faith are profeffed by both Prefbyterians and Independents; (the fame may be faid of You and Us, nay of Tou and the Church of Eng land) compare their feveral Confeffions, and you fhall find very little Dif ference in Point of Doarine; none at all in Points which you your felves reckon Fundamental, and yet they are of Different,of Separate Communions. To make One Body, therefore, Chriftians must be United in more than the Profeffion of the fame Faith. Indeed,

10. II. Tho' you have not nam'd it, 'tis neceffary that all Chriftians be likewife United in the fame Hope; We are all called in one Hope of our calling. If we had different profpects of different future States, how could we be reckoned Members of the fame Body? Parts of the fame Whole? Heirs of the fame Kingdom? Different future States would neceffarily infer Different Divine Promifes.

Diffe

Different Divine Promifes would neceffarily infer Different Covenants; Different Covenants wou'd neceffarily infer Different Charters, and Different Charters of neceffity wou'd make Different Societies: But then, as neceffary as this Unity of Hope is, it is not fufficient neither, to conftitute One Catholick Church. Hereticks and Schifmaticks may entertain the fame Hopes with Catholick Chriftians: They may expect to have their Portion in the fame Paradife; their fi nal Happiness in the fame Heaven; they may entertain the fame Hopes, tho' they cannot have the fame Securities for them.

11. III. Unity of Charity is alfo highly neceffary for making One Church; without Charity we are not Chriftians; how then can we without it, be United in One Chriftian Society? But neither is this fufficient to Unite us into One Body. No, we are commanded to have Charity towards Jews, Turks, Heathens, Hereticks; all Men, as well as Catholick Chriftians. By the Laws of our Religion, we are commanded to Love all Men, to wifh Well to all Men, to do Good to all Men, to Pray for all Men, to Forgive all Men. No Man on Earth but has fome Title to more than one Expreffion of our Charity; Befides, there have been Thofe, who were no Chriftians, who yet have excelled in Civility, Affability, Kindness, Clemency, Promptitude to pardon Injuries, readiness to do Good Offices, to perform all the External Acts of Charity: How then, can this alone E 3 Unite