CITIZENS.-DUTIES OF-RIGHTS OF. within three days, according to the counsel of the princes and the elders, all his substance should be forfeited, and himself separated from the congregation of those that had been carried away. Prov. 16:14. The wrath of a king is as messengers of death: but a wise man will pacify it. 15. In the light of the king's Countenance is life; and his favour is as a cloud of the latter rain. Prov. 24:21. My son, fear thou the LORD and the king: and meddle not with them that are given to change: Prov. 25:6. Put not forth thyself in the presence of the king, and stand not in the place of great men: 7. For better it is that it be said unto thee, Come up hither; than that thou shouldest be put lower in the presence of the prince whom thine eyes have seen. 15. By long forbearing is a prince persuaded, and a soft tongue breaketh the bone. Eccl. 8:2. I counsel thee to keep the king's commandment, and that in regard of the ath of God. 3. Be not hasty to go out of his sight: stand not in an evil thing; for he doeth whatsoever pleaseth him. 4. Where the word of a king is, there is power, and who may say unto him, What doest thou? Eccl. 10:4. If the spirit of the ruler rise up against thee, leave not thy place; for yielding pacifieth great offences. 20. Curse not the king, no, not in thy thought; and curse not the rich in thy bedchamber: for a bird of the air shall carry the voice, and that which hath wings shall tell the matter. Jer. 29:7. Seek the peace of the city whither I have caused you to be carried away captives, and pray unto the LORD for it: for in the peace thereof shall ye have peace. Matt. 17:24. They that received tribute money came to Peter, and said, Doth not your master pay tribute? 25. He saith, Yes. And when he was come into the house, JeSus prevented him, saying, What thinkest thou, Simon? of whom do the kings of the earth take custom or tribute? of their own children, or of strangers? 26. Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free. 27. Notwithstanding, lest we should offend them, go thou to the sea, and cast an hook,, and take up the fish that first cometh up; and when thou hast opened his mouth, thou shalt find a piece of money: that take, and give unto them for me and thee. things that are God's. Mark 12:14-17; Luke 20:22-25. Acts 19:36. Ye ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rashly. vs. 35-41. Rom. 13:1. Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God. 2. Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation. 3. For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same: 5. Ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience sake. 6. For this cause pay ye tribute also: for they are God's ministers, attending continually upon this very thing. 7. Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom honour. 1 Tim. 2:1. I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men; 2. For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty. Tit. 3:1. Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers, to obey magistrates, 1 Pet. 2:13. Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme; 14. Or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well. 15. For so is the will of God, that with well doing ye may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men: 16. As free, and not using your liberty for a cloke of maliciousness, but as the servants of God. 17. Honour all men. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honour the king. RIGHTS OF: Job 34:18. Is it fit to say to a king, Thou art wicked? and to princes, Ye are ungodly? Prov. 14:28. In the multitude of people is the king's honour: but in the want of people is the destruction of the prince. 35. The king's favour is toward a wise servant: but his wrath is against him that causeth shame. Prov. 22:11. He that loveth pureness of heart, for the grace of his lips the king shall be his friend. Prov. 23:1. When thou sittest to eat with Matt. 22:17. Tell us therefore, What think-a ruler, consider diligently what is before et thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto thee: 2. And put a knife to thy throat, if Cæsar, or not? 18. But Jesus perceived thou be a man given to appetite. 3. Be not their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye desirous of his dainties: for they are deceitme, ye hypocrites? 19. Shew me the trib-ful meat. ute money. And they brought unto him a Acts 16:37. They have beaten us openly penny. 20. And he saith unto them, Whose uncondemned, being Romans, and have cast is this image and superscription? 21. They us into prison; and now do they thrust us say unto him, Cæsar's. Then saith he unto out privily? nay verily; but let them come them, Render therefore unto Cæsar the themselves and fetch us out. things that are Cæsar's; and unto God the Acts 19:36. Seeing then that these things cannot be spoken against, ye ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rashly. 37. For ye have brought hither these men, which are neither robbers of churches, nor yet blasphemers of your goddess. 38. Wherefore if Demetrius, and the craftsmen which are with him, have a matter against any man, the law is open, and there are deputies: let them implead one another. 39. But if ye enquire any thing concerning other matters, it shall be determined in a lawful assembly. Acts 22:25. And as they bound him with thongs, Paul said unto the centurion that stood by, Is it lawful for you to scourge a man that is a Roman, and uncondemned? 26. When the centurion heard that, he went and told the chief captain, saying, Take heed what thou doest: for this man is a Roman. 27. Then the chief captain came, and said unto him, Tell me, art thou a Roman? He said, Yea. 28. And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born. 29. Then straightway they departed from him which should have examined him: and the chief captain also was afraid, after he knew that he was a Roman, and because he had bound him. Acts 25.16. It is not the manner of the Romans to deliver any man to die, before that he which is accused have the accusers face to face, and have licence to answer for himself concerning the crime laid against him. vs. 5,10; Acts 24:18, 19. See CHANGE OF VENUE; COURTS; GOVERNMENT; JUSTICE. LOYAL, INSTANCES OF: Israelites, Josh. 1:16-18; 2 Sam. 3:36,37; 15:23,30; 18:3; 21:17; 1 Chr. 12:38. David, 1 Sam. 24:6-10; 26:6-16; 2 Sam. 1:14. Hushai, 2 Sam. 17:15, 16. David's soldiers, 2 Sam. 18:12,13; 23:15, 16. Joab, 2 Sam. 19:5,6. Barzillai, 2 Sam. 19:32. Jehoiada, 2 Kin. 11:4-12; Mordecai, Esth. 2:21-23. WICKED AND TREASONABLE: Prov. 17: 11. An evil man seeketh only rebellion: therefore a cruel messenger shall be sent against him. Prov. 19:10. Delight is not seemly for a fool: much less for a servant to have rule over princes. 12. The king's wrath is as the roaring of a lion; but his favour is as dew upon the grass. Prov. 20:2. 2 Pet. 2:10. Them that walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness, and despise government. Presumptuous are they, selfwilled, they are not afraid to speak evil of dignities. 2 Tim. 3:1-4. Jude 8. These filthy dreamers despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities. See ANARCHY. INSTANCES OF WICKED: Miriam and Aaron, Num. 12:1-11. Korah, Dathan and Abiram, Num. 16; 26:9. Shechemites, Judg. 9:22. Ephraimites, Judg. 12:1-4. Israelites, 1 Sam. 10:27; 1 Kin. 12:16-19. Absalom, 2 Sam. 15:10-13. Ahithophel, 2 Sam. 17:1-4. Sheba, 2 Sam. 20:1,2. Adonijah, 1 Kin. 1:57. Hadad and Jeroboam, 1 Kin. 11:14-26. Baasha, 1 Kin. 15:27. Zimri, 1 Kin. 16: Jozachar and Jozabad, 2 Kin. 12:19-21; 14: of Amaziah, 2 Kin. 14:19; of Amon, 2 Ki 21:23. Shallum, 2 Kin. 15:10. Menahem, Kin. 15:14. Pekah, 2 Kin. 15:25. Hoshea, Kin. 15:30. Sons, Sennacherib, 2 Kin. 19:37 Ishmael, Jer. 40:14-16; 41. Bigthan and Ter esh, Esth. 2:21. Jews, Ezek. 17:12-20. Baral bas, Mark 15:7. Theudas and four hundre seditious persons, Acts 5:36,37. An Egyl tian, Acts 21:38. See COUNTRY, LOVE OF; GOVERNMENT RULERS: PATRIOTISM. FIGURATIVE: Phil. 3:20 [R. V.]; Eph. 2:19 CIVIL DAMAGES. See DAMAGES. CIVIL ENGINEERING, Josh. 18:9 Job 28:9-11. CIVIL SERVICE. SCHOOL FOR: Dan 1:3. And the king spake unto Ashpenaz th master of his eunuchs, that he should brin certain of the children of Israel, and of th king's seed, and of the princes; 4. Childre in whom was no blemish, but well favoured and skilful in all wisdom, and cunning in knowledge, and understanding science, and such as had ability in them to stand in th king's palace, and whom they might teach the learning and the tongue of the Chai deans. 5. And the king appointed them a daily provision of the king's meat, and of the wine which he drank: so nourishing them three years, that at the end thereo they might stand before the king. 17. As for these four children, God gave them knowl edge and skill in all learning and wisdom and Daniel had understanding in all visions and dreams. 18. Now at the end of the days that the king had said he should bring them in, then the prince of the eunuchs brought them in before Nebuchadnezzar. 19. And the king communed with them; and among them all was found none like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah: therefore stood they before the king. 20. And in all matters of wisdom and understanding, that the king enquired of them, he found them ten times better than all the magicians and astrologers that were in all his realm. 21. And Daniel continued even unto the first year of king Cyrus. COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS FOR APPOINTMENT IN. See above, SCHOOL FOR. APPOINTMENT IN, ON ACCOUNT OF MERIT: Gen. 39:1. And Joseph was brought down to Egypt; and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, captain of the guard, an Egyptian, bought him of the hands of the Ishmaelites, which had brought him down thither. 2. And the LORD was with Joseph, and he was a prosperous man; and he was in the house of his master the Egyptian. 3. And his master saw that the LORD was with him, and that the LORD made all that he did to prosper in his hand. 4. And Joseph found grace in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand. 5. And it came to pass from the ime that he had CIVIL SERVICE.-APPOINTMENT IN, ON ACCOUNT OF MERIT. made him overseer in his house, and over all that he had, that the LORD blessed the Egyptian's house for Joseph's sake; and the blessing of the LORD was upon all that he had in the house, and in the field. 6. And he left all that he had in Joseph's hand; and he knew not ought he had, save the bread which he did eat. And Joseph was a goodly person, and well favoured. Gen. 41:38. And Pharaoh said unto his servants, Can we find such a one as this is, a man in whom the Spirit of God is? 39. And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Forasmuch as God hath shewed thee all this, there is none so discreet and wise as thou art: 40. Thou shalt be over my house, and according unto thy word shall all my people be ruled: only in the throne will I be greater than thou. 41. And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, See, I have set thee over all the land of Egypt. 42. And Pharaoh took off his ring from his hand, and put it upon Joseph's hand, and arrayed him in vestures of fine linen, and put a gold chain about his neck; 43. And he made him to ride in the second chariot which he had; and they cried before him, Bow the knee: and he made him ruler over all the land of Egypt. 44. And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, I am Pharaoh, and without thee shall no man lift up his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt. of one of the king's most noble princes, that they may array the man withal whom the king delighteth to honour, and bring him on horseback through the street of the city, and proclaim before him, Thus shall it be done to the man whom the king delighteth to honour. 10. Then the king said to Haman, Make haste, and take the apparel and the horse, as thou hast said, and do even so to Mordecai the Jew, that sitteth at the king's gate: let nothing fail of all that thou hast spoken. 11. Then took Haman the apparel and the horse, and arrayed Mordecai, and brought him on horseback through the street of the city, and proclaimed before him, Thus shall it be done unto the man whom the king delighteth to honour. Dan. 1:17. As for these four children, God gave them knowledge and skill in all learning and wisdom: and Daniel had understanding in all visions and dreams. 18. Now at the end of the days that the king had said he should bring them in, then the prince of the eunuchs brought them in before Nebuchadnezzar. 19. And the king communed with them; and among them all was found none like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah: therefore stood they before the king. 20. And in all matters of wisdom and understanding, that the king enquired of them, he found them ten times 1 Kin. 11:28. And the man Jeroboam was better than all the magicians and astroloa mighty man of valour: and Solomon see-gers that were in all his realm. 21. And ing the young man that he was industrious, Daniel continued even unto the first year of he made him ruler over all the charge of the king Cyrus. house of Joseph. Matt. 25:14. For the kingdom of heaven Esth. 6:1. On that night could not the is as a man travelling into a far country, king sleep, and he commanded to bring the who called his own servants, and delivered book of records of the chronicles; and they unto them his goods. 15. And unto one he were read before the king. 2. And it was gave five talents, to another two, and to found written, that Mordecai had told of another one; to every man according to his Bigthana and Teresh, two of the king's several ability; and straightway took his chamberlains, the keepers of the door, who journey. 23. His lord said unto him, Well sought to lay hands on the king Ahasuerus. done, good and faithful servant; thou hast 3. And the king said, What honour and dig- been faithful over a few things, I will make nity hath been done to Mordecai for this? thee ruler over many things: enter thou into Then said the king's servants that min- the joy of thy lord. 24. Then he which istered unto him, There is nothing done had received the one talent came and said, for him. 4. And the king said, Who is in Lord, I knew thee that thou art an hard man, the court? Now Haman was come into the reaping where thou hast not sown, and outward court of the king's house, to speak gathering where thou hast not strawed: unto the king to hang Mordecai on the gal- 25. And I was afraid, and went and hid thy lows that he had prepared for him. 5. And talent in the earth: lo, there thou hast that the king's servants said unto him, Behold, is thine. 26. His lord answered and said Haman standeth in the court. And the king unto him, Thou wicked and slothful servant, said, Let him come in. 6. So Haman came thou knewest that I reap where I sowed in. And the king said unto him, What shall not, and gather where I have not strawed: be done unto the man whom the king de- 27. Thou oughtest therefore to have put my lighteth to honour? Now Haman thought money to the exchangers, and then at my in his heart, To whom would the king de- coming I should have received mine own light to do honour more than to myself? 7. with usury. 28. Take therefore the talent And Haman answered the king, For the from him, and give it unto him which hath man whom the king delighteth to honour, ten talents. 29. For unto every one that 8. Let the royal apparel be brought which hath shall be given, and he shall have the king useth to wear, and the horse that abundance: but from him that hath not the king rideth upon, and the crown royal shall be taken away even that which he which is set upon his head: 9. And let this hath. 30. And cast ye the unprofitable serv apparel and horse be delivered to the hand ant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 12-27. Luke 19: CORRUPTION IN: Neh. 5:15. But the former governors that had been before me were chargeable unto the people, and had taken of them bread and wine, beside forty shekels of silver; yea, even their servants bare rule over the people: but so did not I, because of the fear of God. Thy God whom thou servest continually, he will deliver thee. 17. And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that the purpose might not be changed concerning Daniel. Mark 15:15. And so Pilate, willing to content the people, released Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged him, to be crucified. Acts 24:26. He hoped also that money should have been given him of Paul, that he might loose him: wherefore he sent for him the oftener, and communed with him. See BRIBERY. REFORM IN: Neh. 5:14. Moreover from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year even unto the two and thirtieth year of Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my brethren have not eaten the bread of the governor. 15. But the former governors that had been before me were chargeable unto the people, and had taken of them bread and wine, besides forty shekels of silver; yea, even their servants bare rule over the people: but so did not I, because of the fear of God. Dan. 6:4. Then the presidents and princes sought to find occasion against Daniel concerning the kingdom; but they could find none occasion nor fault; forasmuch as he was faithful, neither was there any error or fault found in him. 5. Then said these men, We shall not find any occasion against this Daniel, except we find it against him concerning the law of his God. 6. Then these presidents and princes assembled together to the king, and said thus unto him, King Darius, live for ever. 7. All the presidents of the kingdom, the governors, and the princes, the counsellors, and the captains, have consulted together to establish a royal statute, and to make a firm decree, that whosoever shall ask a petition of any God or man for thirty days, save of thee, O king, he shall be cast into the den of lions. 8. Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, ac- INFLUENCE IN: 1 Kin. 1:11. Wherefore cording to the law of the Medes and Per- Nathan spake unto Bath-sheba the mother of sians, which altereth not. 9. Wherefore Solomon, saying, Hast thou not heard that king Darius signed the writing and the de- Adonijah the son of Haggith doth reign, and cree. 10. Now when Daniel knew that the David our lord knoweth it not? 12. Now writing was signed, he went into his house; therefore come, let me, I pray thee, give thee and, his windows being open in his chamber counsel, that thou mayest save thine own toward Jerusalem, he kneeled upon his life, and the life of thy son Solomon. 13. Go knees three times a day, and prayed, and and get thee in unto king David, and say unto gave thanks before his God, as he did afore- him, Didst not thou, my lord, O king, swear time. 11. Then these men assembled, and unto thine handmaid, saying, Assuredly Solfound Daniel praying and making supplica-omon thy son shall reign after me, and he tion before his God. 12. Then they came near, and spake before the king concerning the king's decree; Hast thou not signed a decree, that every man that shall ask a petition of any God or man within thirty days, save of thee, O king, shall be cast into the den of lions? The king answered and said, The thing is true, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not. 13. Then answered they and said before the king, That Daniel, which is of the children of the captivity of Judah, regardeth not thee, O king, nor the decree that thou hast signed, but maketh his petition three times a day. 14. Then the king, when he heard these words, was sore displeased with himself, and set his heart on Daniel to deliver him: and he laboured till the going down of the sun to deliver him. 15. Then these men assembled unto the king, and said unto the king, Know, O king, that the law of the Medes and Persians is, That no decree nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed. 16. Then the king commanded, and they brought Daniel, and cast him into the den of lions. Now the king spake and said unto Daniel, shall sit upon my throne? why then doth Adonijah reign? 14. Behold, while thou yet talkest there with the king, I also will come in after thee, and confirm thy words. 15. And Bath-sheba went in unto the king into the chamber: and the king was very old; and Abishag the Shunammite ministered unto the king. 16. And Bath-sheba bowed, and did obeisance unto the king. And the king said, What wouldest thou? 17. And she said unto him, My lord, thou swarest by the LORD thy God unto thine handmaid, saying, Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne. 18. And now, behold, Adonijah reigneth; and now, my lord the king, thou knowest it not: 20. And thou, my lord, O king, the eyes of all Israel are upon thee, that thou shouldest tell them who shall sit on the throne of my lord the king after him. 21. Otherwise it shall come to pass, when my lord the king shall sleep with his fathers, that I and my son Solomon shall be counted offenders. 29. And the king sware, and said, As the LORD liveth, that hath redeemed my soul out of all distress, 30. Even as I sware unto thee by the LORD God of Israel, saying, CIVIL SERVICE. Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne in my stead; even so will I certainly do this day. 31. Then Bath-sheba bowed with her face to the earth, and did reverence to the king, and said, Let my lord king David live for ever. vs. 5-40. 2 Kin. 4:13. And he said unto him, Say now unto her, Behold, thou hast been careful for us with all this care; what is to be done for thee? wouldest thou be spoken for to the king, or to the captain of the host? And she answered, I dwell among mine own people. Matt. 20:20. Then came to him the mother of Zebedee's children with her sons, worshipping him, and desiring a certain thing of him. 21. And he said unto her, What wilt thou? She said unto him, Grant that these my two sons may sit, the one on thy right hand, and the other on the left, in thy kingdom. 22. But Jesus answered and said, Ye know not what ye ask. Are ye able to drink of the cup that I shall drink of, and to be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with? They say unto him, We are able. 23. And he saith unto them, Ye shall drink indeed of my cup, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with: but to sit on my right hand, and on my left, is not mine to give, but it shall be given to them for whom it is prepared of my Father. Mark 10:35. CLAIRVOYANCE, 1 Sam. 28:13,14; 2 Kin. 6:15-17. See SORCERY. CLAUDA, an island near Crete, Acts 27:16. CLAUDIA, a female disciple, 2 Tim. 4:21. CLAUDIUS, emperor of Rome, Acts 11: 28; 18:2. CLAUDIUS LYSIUS, a Roman military officer, Acts 21:31-40; 22:23-30. Sends Paul to Felix, 23:10-35. CLAY. Man formed from, Job 33:6. Seals made of, Job 38:14. Used by potter, Isa. 29: 16; 41:25; 45:9. Blind man's eyes anointed with, John 9:6. FIGURATIVE: Job 4:19; Psa. 40:2; Isa. 45: 9; 64:8; Jer. 18:6; Rom. 9:21. SYMBOLICAL: Dan. 2:33-41. CLEAN AND UNCLEAN ANIMALS. See ANIMALS. Of BIRDS, see BIRDS. Of FISH, see FISH. Of INSECTS, see INSECTS. CLEANLINESS. Taught by frequent ablutions. 4:13. FIGURATIVE: John 15:22; 1 Pet. 2:16. CLOSET. Used as a place for prayer, Matt. 6:6. CLOTHING, of the Israelites, waxed not old, Deut. 8:4; 29:5; Neh. 9:21. See DRESS. CLOUD. FIGURATIVE: Jer. 4:13; Hos. 6:4; 13:3. SYMBOLICAL: Rev. 14:14. PILLAR OF: Ex. 13:21. And the LORD went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; to go by day and night. 22. He took not away the pillar of the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from before the people. Ex. 14:19. And the angel of God, which went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of the cloud went from before their face, and stood behind them: 24. And it came to pass, that in the morning watch the LORD looked unto the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of the cloud, and troubled the host of the Egyptians, Ex. 16:10. And it came to pass, as Aaron spake unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud. Ex. 19:9. And the LORD said unto Moses, Lo, I come unto thee in a thick cloud, that the people may hear when I speak with thee, and believe thee for ever. And Moses told the words of the people unto the LORD. 16. And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceedingly loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled. Ex. 24:16. And the glory of the LORD abode upon mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days: and the seventh day he called unto Moses out of the midst of the cloud. 17. And the sight of the glory of the LORD was like devouring fire on the top of the mount in the eyes of the children of Israel. 18. And Moses went into the midst of the cloud, and gat him up into the mount: and Moses was in the mount forty days and forty nights. Ex. 33:9. And it came to pass, as Moses entered into the tabernacle, the cloudy pillar descended, and stood at the door of the tabernacle, and the LORD talked with Moses. 10. And all the people saw the cloudy pillar stand at the tabernacle door: and all the people rose up and worshipped, every man in his tent door. Ex. 34:5. And the LORD descended in the |