On this we may note that if the maintenance of three orders (meaning thereby successionally ordained ministerial grades, constitutionally established and constitutionally removable by the Church) is prelacy, then Mr. Wesley, both in 1747 and in 1784, was a prelatist; the British Conference and the American General Conference were prelatists; our Discipline, and therefore our ordinations, are prelatical; our episcopacy is a prelacy, our bishops are prelates, and our Church is prelatical. We are all "high Church," and always have been from our founders until now. We present to our readers, also, the following harmony: In whatever sense distinct ordinations constitute distinct orders in the same sense Mr. Wesley certainly intended we should have three orders, for he undeniably instituted three distinct ordinations. All the forms and solemnities requisite for the constituting of any one order in this sense were equally prepared and recommended by him to us for the constituting of three orders. The term ordain is derived from the Latin ordino, to order, to create, or commission one to be a public officer, and this from ordo, order; and hence persons ordained are said to be persons in "holy orders." And the degree of ordination stated in the "commission," or letters of ordination, shows the degree of the orders.-Emory's Defense. In regard to the proper nature of "orders" we said in our article, p. 526, "How can there be an ordination if not to an order?" This question embraces an entire argument. The old verbs to ordain and to order were different forms of the same word, used in the ritual of the Anglican Church, of which Wesley was a presbyter; to order signifies to endow with orders, just as to magnetize signifies to endow with magnetism, and so Webster rightly defines "ordinations in the Episcopal Church as the act of conferring holy orders or sacerdotal power, called also consecration." The word had this import because, to the mind of the Church, the thing had this nature. Ordination was the mode and test of an order. As an Anglican Churchman Mr. Wesley's mind was shaped to the assumption that a valid ordination always conferred valid orders. Although the word order is an ecclesiastical rather than a scriptural term, and is of very flexible import, yet the best definition we can give it would be thus: Order is a rank of ministry constituted by election and ordination, permanently and successimally continued in a Church. Our episcopate would thus be an order.October Quarterly. It is perfectly clear that under our definition of an order Emory affirms that Wesley intended three orders. It will also be seen that we regard election as conditional to a valid episcopate of any particular Church. Mather was ordained by Wesley as bishop, but, receiving no election, he was, at any rate, no bishop of any particular Church. Asbury was both elected and ordained, and so was the bishop of the Church that elected him. saw. At Last: A Christmas in the West Indies. By CHARLES KINGSLEY. With Illustrations. 12mo., pp. 465. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1871. After forty years of anticipation, as he declares, the author of this book "at last" left his English home, and spent seven weeks in the island of Trinidad, one of the British West Indies. Every page shows that Mr. Kingsley is an enthusiastic lover and student of nature. Nothing escapes his quick eye. The people of various races, the plains, the mountains, the forest, the sea, the exuberant tropical vegetation, the multiform animal life, all meet due attention. He was industrious in seeing, and in recording what he He describes, in never-ceasing wonder, scenes that were so new and strange to him that at times it seemed as if they were not real, and if he were only to close his eyes for a few seconds, and "wink hard," all would vanish, and he would find himself at home again. Truly, the transition from latitude 50° to latitude 10° in December, was not a small one. The book is a good one, full of information, full of vivid descriptions of novel scenes and novel things, indicating on every page that it is the work of an observant, thoughtful, cultured mind. A map, and a few statistical statements, would make it still more valuable. With much of accurate, minute description, there is a lack of clear, strong outline. C. The Ancient History of the East: From the Earliest Times to the Conquest by Alexander the Great; including Egypt, Assyria, Babylonia, Media, Persia, Asia Minor, and Phoenicia. By PHILIP SMITH, B.A., author of the History of the World. Illustrated by engravings on wood. 12mo., pp. 649. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1871. The entire results of modern discoveries in the burial remains of the ancient nations of the earth are nowhere so compactly collected and summarily presented as in this volume. Although the earliest chronology is still a vexed question, yet this volume has a powerful evidential value in behalf of the Old Testament. Its synchronisms are striking. It is wonderful that the little race of Jews were chosen to be the historiographers of the world. While the registries of the proudest nations of antiquity have been buried from sight, and even now are traceable but in scattered fragments, the clear, consecutive Hebrew history has been the light of the world. This volume, connected with Dr. Smith's History of the Old Testament, forms an historic commentary well worthy of the use of the biblical student. The density with which the facts are packed together renders study, repeated study, rather than mere reading, necessary, in order to a full mastery of the vast subject. Miscellaneous. Threescore Years and Beyond; or, Experiences of the Aged. A Book for Old People, describing the Labors, Home Life, and Closing Experiences of a large number of Aged Representative Men and Women. Illustrated edition. By W. H. DE PUY, D.D. Royal 8vo., pp. 512. New York: Carlton & Lanahian. 1872. Pillars in the Temple; or, Sketches of Deceased Laymen of the Methodist Episcopal Church distinguished as examples of Piety and Usefulness. Chronologically Arranged. By Rev. WILLIAM C. SMITH. With an Introduction by C. C. NORTH. Large 16mo., pp. 366: New York: Carlton & Lanahan. 1872. Life and Labors of Mrs. Maggie Newton Van Cott: the First Lady licensed to Preach in the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States. By Rev. JOHN O. FOSTER. With an Introduction by Rev. GILBERT HAVEN, Editor of "Zion's Herald," Boston, and Rev. DAVID SHERMAN. 12mo., pp. 339. Cincinnati: Hitchcock & Walden. 1872. Light on the Pathway of Holiness. By Rev. L. D. M'CABE, D.D. 16mo., pp. 114. New York: Carlton & Lanahan. 1871. Spiritualism Identical with Ancient Sorcery. New Testament Demonology and Modern Witchcraft, with the Testimony of God and Man against it. By W. M'DONALD. Large 16mo., pp. 212. New York: Carlton Lanahan. The Annihilation of the Wicked Scripturally Considered. By Rev. W. M'Donald. Large 16mo., pp. 99. New York: Carlton & Lanahan. 1872. The Last Gladiatorial Show. By JOHN T. SHORT. 12mo., pp. 283. Cincinnati : Hitchcock & Walden. New York: Carlton & Lanahan. 1872. Christ in the Soul; or, Illustrations of Some of the Principles and Experience which Characterize Christ's Spiritual or Inward Coming and Indwelling. By THOMAS C. UPHAM. 12mo., pp. 173. New York: W. C. Palmer, Jr. 1872. First Principles of Ecclesiastical Truth. Essays on the Church and Society. By J. BALDWIN BROWN, B.A. 12mo., pp. 364. London: Hodder & Stoughton. 1871. Cyclopædia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature. Prepared by Rev. JOHN M'CLINTOCK, D.D., and JAMES STRONG, S.T.D. Vol. IV. HIJ. Large 8vo., pp. 1113. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1872. Short Studies on Great Subjects. By JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE, M.A. Second Series. 12mo., pp. 472. New York: Charles Scribner & Co. 1871. The Poetry of the Hebrew Pentateuch. Being Four Essays on Moses and the Mosaic Age. By Rev. M. MARGOLWUTH, M.A., LL.D., Ph.D., etc. 12mo., pp. 146. London: Samuel Bagster Sons. 1871. Lenten Sermons. By PAUL SEGNERI. Volume I. 12mo., pp. 362. New York: Catholic Publishing House. 1872. The Complete Phonographer: Being an Inductive Exposition of Phonography, with its Application to all Branches of Reporting, and affording the Fullest Instruction to those who have not the assistance of an Oral Teacher. Also, intended as a School-book. By JAMES E. MUNSON. 12mo., pp. 236. New York: Harper & Brothers. Rameses the Great; or, Egypt Three Thousand Three Hundred Years Ago. Translated from the French of F. DE LANOYE. 12mo., pp. 296. New York: Charles Scribner & Co. 1870. Music and Morals. By Rev. H. R. HAWEIS, M.A. 12mo., pp. 478. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1872. Illustrated Library of Travel, Exploration, and Adventure. Japan in Our Day. Compiled and Arranged by BAYARD TAYLOR. 12mo., pp. 280. New York: Charles Scribner & Co. 1872. A Manual of Composition and Rhetoric. A Text-Book for Schools and Colleges. By JOHN S. HART. Fourth Edition. 12mo, pp. 380. Philadelphia: Eldredge & Brother. New York: J. W. Schermerhorn Co. 1872. First Lessons in Composition. By JOHN S. HART, LL.D. 12mo. Philadelphia: Eldredge & Brother. 1872. A Manual of English Literature. A Text-Book for Schools and Colleges. By JOHN S. HART, LL.D. 12mo., pp. 636. Philadelphia: Eldredge & Brother. 1872. Spectrum Analysis. Three Lectures. By Professors ROSCOE, HUGGINS, and LOCKYER. 16mo., pp. 146. New Haven, Conn.: C. C. Chatfield & Co. 1872. Light. By JACOB ABBOTT. With numerous engravings. 12mo., pp. 313. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1871. Esthetics; or, The Science of Beauty. By JOHN BASCOM. 12mo., pp. 268. New York and Chicago: Woolworth, Ainsworth, & Co. 1872. Half-Hours with Modern Scientists: Huxley, Barker, Stirling, Cope, Tyndall. 12mo., pp. 288. New Haven, Conn.: Charles C. Chatfield & Co. 1871. Shakspeare's History of King Henry VIII. Edited, with Notes, by WILLIAM J. The Rise and Fall of the Paris Commune in 1871. With a Full Account of the The Land of Desolation. Being a Personal Narrative of Observation and Adventure in Greenland. By ISAAC I. HAYES, M.D. Illustrated. 12mo., pp. 357. New York: Harper & Brothers. Lucretius on the Nature of Things. 1872. Translated into English Verse. By CHARLES FREDERICK JOHNSON.. With Introduction and Notes. 12mo., pp. 333. New York: De Witt C. Lent & Co. London: Sampson, Low, & Marston. 1872. Water and Land. By JACOB ABBOTT. With numerous engravings. 12mo., pp. 330. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1872. Bede's Charity. By HESBA STRETTON. 12mo., pp. 311. New York: Dodd & Yesterdays with Authors. By JAMES T. FIELDS. 12mo., pp. 352. 1872. Boston: James Twenty Years Ago. From the Journal of a Girl in her Teens. Edited by the Author of "John Halifax, Gentleman." 12mo., pp. 354. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1872. Little Sunshine's Holiday. A Picture from Life. By the Author of John Halifax, Gentleman." 16mo., pp. 210. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1871. Woman's Worth and Worthlessness. The Complement to "A New Atmosphere." By GAIL HAMILTON. 12mo., pp. 291. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1872. Wilfred Cumbermede. An Autobiographical Story. By GEORGE MACDONALD, Author of "Annals of a Quiet Neighborhood," "Alec Forbes," Robert Falconer," etc. With 14 full-page Illustrations. 12mo., pp. 498. New York: Charles Scribner & Co. 1872. The Adventures of Oliver Twist. By CHARLES DICKENS. With 28 Illustrations by F. Mahoney. 8vo., pp. 171. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1872. 66 CORRECTION.-The phrase "we denounce," attributed in our last Quarterly to the Editor of the "Pittsburgh Christian Advocate," we find on referring really to have been we pronounce." The sentence as thus read was peremptory enough, but not discourteous, and does not sustain certain sentences and turns of expression which were based by us upon it, and which, with gratification, we hereby withdraw. METHODIST QUARTERLY REVIEW. JULY, 1872. ART. I.-HOMER AND HIS ENGLISH TRANSLATORS. [FIRST ARTICLE.] AMONG the anomalies of literature none, perhaps, is more remarkable than the circumstance that the most ancient productions of the human intellect are precisely those which, at the present day, attract the greatest attention. While the works of successive generations of philosophers and historians have perished-while the very names of the poets of later, and, as we call them, more cultivated ages, have well-nigh sunk into oblivion-the poems of the earliest writers, both sacred and profane, gather rather than lose interest in the eyes of the world. In fact, never were the poetical merits of the magnificent hymns of the Hebrew psalmist, or the lays of the early Greek minstrel, more carefully investigated or more fully appreciated than now, twenty-six or twenty-eight centuries after their first composition. Confining our attention to the latter class of productions, we are compelled to seek for the secret of this striking fact in something else than religious feeling; for not only do these venerable relics of extreme antiquity come down to us unhallowed by religious associations, but their entire tone and character is diametrically opposed to the system of truth which we profess; a fact so patent, that the early Christians felt themselves called upon to discourage, if not to forbid, their study. Nor was this strange. To the primitive Christians FOURTH SERIES, VOL. XXIV.-23 |