since, a communication of a nature similar to the present." In consequence of the information contained in the letters abovementioned, the Board of Missions of the General Assembly was convened, when two communications from Mr. Torrey, dated August 24th and 25th, were also submitted for consideration, by the member of the board to whom they had been addressed. It appeared that Mr. Torrey was very actively and usefully employed in missionary labours, but that he needed pecuniary assistance. After serious deliberation on the whole subject, a minute was made, of which the following is a transcript-" Letters were read from Rev. Messrs. Parvin and Torrey at Buenos Ayres, in South AmericaWhereupon resolved, that Two hundred dollars be allowed for the assistance of Mr. Torrey, and that Drs. Janeway, Green and Ely, be a committee to select and recommend a suitable person, as a missionary to the same region. On motion resolved, that the committee aforesaid, be instructed, as far as possible, to seek for information respecting the opportunities afforded in the present circumstances of South America, for making missionary establishments in that region; and also into the expediency of employing an agent to explore the country, or any part of it, in reference to the farther extension and building up of the infant Presbyterian church, among the population of South America. Doctors Janeway, Green and Ely, were also appointed a committee, to correspond with the Missionary Society of the Reformed Dutch Church, on a proposition made by them to this Board, to unite with them in the support of a Foreign mission." We consider the establishment of a Presbytery, at Buenos Ayres, as one of those interesting and sur prising occurrences which distinguish the period of the Church in which we live. A few years since, a prognostick of such an event, would have been ranked among the wildest dreams of enthusiasm. We hope that men of wealth in the Presbyterian church, will come to the aid of the Board of Missions, in the enterprise in which they have engaged, with liberal contributions; and that they will not permit other objects unduly to interfere with this. What object can be presented of equal importance, and of equal interest, with that of propagating the pure Gospel among the millions on our own continent, who are really as destitute of it as the heathen themselves. Donations appropri ated to this object, will be sacredly kept to the destination of the donors. We are glad to be able to state, that the committee appointed for the purpose, have the prospect of engaging a promising young missionary, to go to the aid of his brethren at Buenos Ayres. We propose to resume the consideration of this subject, in the coming month. FEMALE SCHOOLS IN INDIA. Our estimate of the importance of female schools in India is known to the readers of the Christian Advocate. It has long been our deliberate opinion, that they are absolutely essential in every rational plan for Christianizing that most populous part of the world. The early years of man, in every region of the earth, are past under female care; and it is during those years that moral and intellectual culture is most advantageously commenced. Till, therefore, men are formed in India by mothers who are in some good measure able and disposed to form them to the love of knowledge and of true religion, little will be done in evangelizing the mass of any generation But at present, the female sex in India are, almost universally, and to the last degree, ignorant and degraded-In India they have not been considered subjects of education. Hence the importance of female schools under Chris as the fit tian superintendance. We lately pub. lished a communication relative to several of these schools at Calcutta, supported by the charitable contributions of ladies in Philadelphia, of the Baptist denomination. We now insert with great pleasure another communication, of a like character, to an association of ladies, in this city, of the Presbyterian church. This association was originally formed for the support of two Chinese boys, who were sent to the Cornwal school; and who, after making some progress in their education, became uneasy and returned to their own country-not however without the hope that they had imbibed Christian principles which they would never lose. The society then determined to apply their funds and continue their exertions for the support of a female school at Bombay, then under the superintendance of the excellent and now deceased and lamented Gordon Hall-to whom the following letter so justly and pathetically refers. This letter is from the wife of Mr. Graves, the only remaining clerical missionary, of the American Board, at Bombay, and on whom has devolved nearly the whole labour of superintending nine schools. The letter is directed to the treasurer of the association in Philadelphia, by whom the contributions of the society were remitted to Bombay. We commence in our present number the publication of the journal of Mrs. Graves, and expect to conclude it in the coming month; when we also hope to give extracts from "the Report on the subject of Missions," and the other letter mentioned in the communication we now insert. Bombay, May 24, 1827. My Dear Miss M'Calla,-I hope you will pardon the liberty I take in addressing a few lines to you, since he to whom your communication was addressed, rests from his labours. O how mysterious are the ways of God! Surely, "his way is in the sea, and his path in the great waters, and his footsteps not known." In our view, poor short-sighted creatures, we never needed help more, to carry on the various plans of our mission, than at the time our dear brother was taken from us. However, we know that the stroke was inflicted by Infinite Wisdom, and that God is "too wise to err," and too good to be unkind to his children. Though we know not what he does now, what a consoling thought, "thou shalt know hereafter." O! yes, when this mortal shall have put on immortality, and death is swallowed up of life-when we see, as we are seen, and know as we are known, then we shall not arraign the Most High, and say, "what doest thou?" O! how is our strength weakness, and our wisdom folly!! My dear friend, I forward for your present information, a few extracts from my hasty written journal, which I hope you will pardon, as my particular situation forbids my writing more at present. I shall also forward by this opportunity, a Report of our Mission," by which you will learn the state of the schools, both for boys and girls. This is the best com. munication I can possibly send you at this time. The first school, established in Feb. 1826, we now selec' for your society, and call it "The First Philadelphia School of Bombay." This is one of our best schools, and is taught by a very respectable Brahmin. I would just say to the dear sisters in Philadelphia, be earnest and frequent in your intercessions at the throne of grace, that God would shower down blessings upon these benighted females, and soon make them instrumental of incalculable good to those around them. From this school, one female teacher has already been raised up-She commenced her school, under favourable auspices, the first of this month. O my dear sisters, let me entreat you, while you are earnest and affectionate in your addresses at a throne of grace for this one school, not to forget the others, of a similar kind. And particularly those few feeble labourers who are yet spared, to do a little in this large field. Yes, my sisters, I say it with emphasis, intreat our kind, covenant-keeping God to thrust forth labourers into his harvest immediately. You will see by my letter to Mr. Ralston, how long the letters, remittance, &c. have been delayed, and how much patience you must exercise, in regard to receiving communications from us. But, "go on, and prosper," my dear friends; the cause is a glorious one, whether you receive frequent intelligence from us or not. It is the cause of God, and will prosper, though the powers of darkness oppose it. It is the cause of Jesus, and will prevail. Therefore, let us take to ourselves the "whole armour of God," and enlist ourselves under the banner of this Captain of our Salvation, and fight, knowing that we shall come off victorious; for "the heathen shall be given to the Redeemer for his inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for his pos session." Present to all the ladies of your Society, and accept the same for yourself, the May 13, 1826.-This morning a teacher was brought me for examination, to commence a third school, two having been previously established by Mrs. Nichols. We all thought it desirable to extend the benefits of female education as much as possible; and having been relieved of my cares by the discontinuance of the boarding-school, I resolved to establish as many as I thought I could superintend alone, as it was pretty certain our two widowed sisters would eventually leave us for Ceylon. After examination, we agreed that he should commence immediately near our house. May 14.-We are encouraged to hope that the school will prosper, as there were ten the first day. We must not despise the day of small things. When we consider the many obstacles in the way of female education in India, we are surprised that so many have been induced to attend the two schools already established. May 17.-Our school now contains 24 girls, who appear to promise well. We would be thankful that the strong barrier, which has so long existed, to the utter exclusion of female improvement, is in some degree broken down. O! may the bright rays of the Sun of Righteousness soon shine into the hearts of these benighted pagans. June 1st.-Another school, No. 5th, commenced this morning under favourable auspices. 13 girls. June 2d.-How true is it that "man appoints, but God disappoints." Yesterday we were encouraged to hope that our schools would go on and prosper, without any very particular discouragements, but Satan is ever busy to frustrate every good, as far as he is permitted. This morning, one of the teachers of the first school established came to us, and informed against the teacher who has just commenced the 5th school-said he was a person of vile character-that if we put him into a school, all the other schools which we had established would be ruined, &c. We replied, that we should inquire into the subject, and if what he said proved to be true, we should not employ him. We made diligent inquiry, and found that he bore a good moral character, &c. We now be lieve that the teacher above alluded to, was induced to report such things of him, because he had not the honour of bring. ing him himself. Such is the spirit of pride and emulation among them, they all desire to bring teachers themselves, calling them their own teachers. (To be continued.) INCREASE OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE IN INDIA. The question is, whether that book which has produced so much good among us, will not produce equal good among others, if sent unto them? Unquestionably it will, and from its past, we may, with safety, argue its future success. It has now been translated into many of the eastern languages, and though these translations have not been circulated so widely as could be wished, yet a happy commencement has been made. Many are now reading the wonderful works of God in their own language; in the native schools where the Scriptures were at first refused and rejected, they are now read without the smallest objection. In Calcutta there are now upwards of thirty native female schools, in most, if not all of which, suitable parts of the Scriptures are taught. The light is spreading in every direction: hundreds have seen the folly of idolatry, though they have not rejected it; many have rejected it, though they have not become Christians; some have become decided Christians, and are now spreading this book among their countrymen. Last year, by a native of some respectability in the suburbs of Calcutta, one of the idols was cast to the moles and the bats, and the temple in which it was worshipped, demolished. The leaven has begun to work, and it will operate till it has leavened the whole lump. From what has taken place we feel morally certain that the idols will all be famished, and that the word of the Lord will have free course, and be glorified. We are not left to conjecture on this subject, we have a sure word of prophecy, unto which we shall do well to take heed; and from it we learn that what we so ardently desire God has promised to perform. He has said, "as the rain cometh down, and the snow from heaven, and returneth not thither, but watereth the earth, and maketh it bring forth and bud, that it may give seed to the sower and bread to the eater: so shall my word be that goeth forth out of my mouth, and it shall not return unto me void, but it shall accomplish that which I please, and it shall prosper in the thing whereunto I sent it."-Rev. Mr. Yatesat the Am. Bib. Soc. Ann. The Treasurer of the Trustees of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church acknowledges the receipt of the following sums for their Theological Seminary at Princeton, N.J. during the month of December last, viz. Of the Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, the annual collection for the Contingent Fund Of the Rev. Samuel S. Davis, per Alexander Henry, Esq., the balance in full of the subscription of $100 of the late Mrs. Benjamin Perkins, of Camden, S. C. for the Ladies of Camden and Salem Scholarship $52 22 50 00 $10 50 The Treasurer has received of the Rev. Samuel Bryson, Agent for the Board of Missions, per Rev. Dr. Ezra S. Ely, the donation of Dr. Ely, $10, and of Master Samuel C. Ely, 50 cents, for the Missionary Fund Diew of Publick Affairs. EUROPE. The latest advices from Europe are from London to the 15th, and from Paris to the 14th of November. The intelligence received is not of great importance or interest, except as it relates to one event; but that one is more momentous, in our estimation, than any which has before occurred since the battle of Waterloo. BRITAIN.-The British parliament is still in recess. Large contributions are made to erect a monument in honour of Mr. Canning. The great tunnel under the Thames is in progress, and all apprehensions of its impracticability are done away. Plans are forming to get rid of a superabundant population in England, Scotland and Ireland. But at the date of the last accounts, the nation, or at least the publick papers, discoursed of scarcely any thing, except the naval victory of the combined fleet, over that of the Turks and Arabs. Lord Ingestrie, who was the bearer of the official despatches of Admiral Codrington, commander in chief in that action, carried the captured flag of the Turkish admiral-a red banner bearing a crescent and a star--suspended from his carriage, as he travelled through Canterbury, on his route to London.— Great rejoicings took place when the despatches were published. His Majesty conferred on Vice-Admiral Codrington, the grand cross of the order of the Bath; and nominated, at the same time, all the captains and commanders who shared in the dangers of the battle and the glory of the victory, as companions, or knights commanders, of that most honourable order. In a word, almost every officer has received naval promotion. Under the article Greece, we shall give some details of this great naval battle fought in her waters, the bruit of which is now filling the world. Sir Edward Codrington is a pupil of Lord Nelson, and seems to possess no small portion of the enterprise and spirit of his master. FRANCE.-On Nov. 6th, a royal ordinance was published, by which the existing chambers of deputies were dissolved, and the electoral colleges convoked for a new election. By another ordinance of the same date, seventy-six new peers were created. These measures are manifestly taken to diminish the legislative influence of the liberals, and to increase that of the royal party. In the mean time, the restrictions on the press are suspended, and the printers make good use of the opportunity to speak very plainly of the government, and of their particular grievances. The des patches of the French admiral, in the naval action of Navarino, reached Paris, and the government papers were endeavouring to give it a favourable bearing on the elections. The French fleet before Algiers, has been in action with one fitted out by the Dey. It was a drawn battle; and the Algerines are said to glory, and the French of ficers are severely censured in some of the papers. SPAIN.-The king and queen of Spain have been showing themselves to their rebellious subjects in Catalonia and Valencia, and it is said to have had a great effect in pacifying the insurgents. Discontent and insubordination however still exist; and it is stated that new corps of French troops, not few in number, are entering the kingdom. PORTUGAL. It no longer admits of doubt that Don Miguel is on his way to Portugal-probably has ere this arrived there-to assume the reins of government, by the appointment of his brother Don Pedro. Pacifick measures are talked of, but we fear there is little probability that they will be adopted. AUSTRIA. It still seems doubtful what part this great power will take, in the controversy of the allies with the Porte. She is sometimes represented as siding with the Turk, sometimes as endeavouring to mediate between the belligerent parties, and sometimes as determined to join the allies. That she has no hostility to the Turkish cause we fully believe, but we do not think she will make herself an avowed party to it. GREECE Is at length freed from the horrible devastations and barbarities of the Turks and Egyptians. What will be her ultimate destiny, time alone can discloseWe hope she will be free. We stated last month that the combined English and French fleets (the Russian fleet being employed in another quarter) had blockaded the Turkish and Egyptian fleets, in the Bay of Navarino-They were joined by the Russians some time in the first part of October. But in the mean time the British and French admirals, on the 25th of September, had a personal interview on shore, with Ibrahim Pacha, the commander in chief of the Turkish forces. He at first acted with arrogance, but eventually agreed to an armistice, and pledged his faith and honour to refrain from all military operations, till the will of his master the Sultan should be known. Yet the very next day, he attempted to elude the blockading squadron, and to carry a large part of his army by water to Patras, with a view to prosecute the war against the Greeks, in that part of the Morea. He was however met by the British squadron, and compelled to return to Navarino. In the neigh bourhood of this place, regardless of his plighted faith and honour, he continued to perpetrate barbarities too shocking for detail-He spared nothing, not even the trees and herbage. His desolations were like those of a sweeping conflagration; and it was his manifest design to consume by famine, the wretched Greeks whom he could not destroy by the sword. Apprized of his faithlessness and cruelty, the admirals of the combined fleet held a consultation on the means to be used by them, in the exi gency of the case, and in fulfilment of the instructions they had received from their governments. The result was, that they determined, on the 20th of October, to sail into the harbour of Navarino, where the Turkish fleet was moored, with a view to remonstrate with the Pacha, on the violation of his engagements, and to overawe him by seeing himself in a situation to be retaliated on immediately; yet with a fixed determination not to commence an attack on the Turkish vessels, unless compelled to it by an attack from them. The harbour, which is in the form of a crescent, was guarded by forts at its entrance, and the Turkish fleet was extended nearly round the whole-the transports and smaller vessels of war nearest the land, and the ships of the line and large frigates on the outside of them, for protection-There were also six Turkish fire ships, stationed at the mouth of the harbour. The combined fleet entered in three columns, the English and French together on the right, and the Russian by itself on the left-Admiral Codrington having, by agreement, the command of the whole. The British ships were permitted to pass the forts, and a number of the hostile vessels, without molestation; but preparation for battle was sufficiently manifested as they passed. The British admiral, Nelson-like, steered directly for the admirals of the Turkish fleet, in the centre of the hostile array, and placed his ship between and very near to them both. The first firing was that of musketry from the Turks, at a boat sent to the fire ships; by which a British lieutenant, who commanded the boat, and several of his men were killed. This fire was returned only by musketry, till a cannon shot from one of the Turkish ships was directed against the French admiral. This was immediately returned, and shortly after the action became general. The British admiral soon made a wreck of his two opposing ships; and the French and Russian admirals performed their parts with equal bravery; till the whole Turkish squadron was sunk or subdued, and their batteries silenced. "This bloody and de structive battle," says Admiral Codrington, " was continued with unabated fury for four hours, and the scene of wreck and devastation which presented itself at the ter mination was such as has seldom before been witnessed. As each ship of our oppo nents became effectually disabled, such of her crew as could escape from her endea voured to set her on fire, and it is wonderful how we avoided the effects of their suc cessive and awful explosions." Of fifty-eight vessels of war, large and small, of which |