sometimes called hosanna. The mul-measure of whose sins was filled up, titudes crying, Hosanna to Christ as He foretold that their golden calves the Son of David, was as if they had should be pulled down, cast upon said, We sing Hosanna to the Son the ground, and carried into Assyof David. Blessed is he, the Mes-ria, viii. 5. x. 5, 6. He reflects Isiah of the Lord. Save, thou that with the same severity upon the irart in the highest heavens. Our regularities which reigned in Judah. Lord restrained all public tokens of He stands up against those who went honour from the people till now, lest to worship the false gods at Gilgal, the envy of his enemies should in- iv. 15. He speaks of Sennacherib's terrupt his preaching before the time. invading the territories of Judah, But this reason now ceasing, he suf- viii. 14. He foretells that the peofered their acclamations, that they ple of Judah should still continue might be a public testimony against some time in their country after the their wickedness, who in four or five captivity of the ten tribes, i. 7. but days after, cried out, Crucify him! that after this, they likewise themcrucify him! Matt. xxi. 5. selves should be carried captive be

HOSEA, a saviour, or salvation, yond the Euphrates, from whence the son of Beeri, and the first of the the Lord would bring them back lesser prophets. Epiphanius says, after a certain number of years, i. 10, that he was of the town of Belemoth, 11. The style of Hosea is obscure, in the tribe of Issachar; and the rab- and his expressions often dubious bins say, that Beerah, mentioned in and perplexed. The things where1 Chron. v. 6. was his father, who of he speaks contribute farther to his was prince of the tribe of Reuben, fobscurity, by reason of their diswhen Tiglath-pileser carried some of tance, and our ignorance of the histhe tribes of Israel into captivity. tory of those times.

This prophet lived in the kingdom of HOSHEA, the son of Elah. AfSamaria, and his prophecies for the ter murdering Pekah his master, and most part have a view to this state; a struggle of eight or nine years cithough there are likewise some par-vil war, he became king of Israel, ticular things which concern the and was less wicked than any of his kingdom of Judah. predecessors, allowing such of his St. Jerome, and many others, be- subjects as pleased to worship the lieve Hosea to be the oldest prophet, Lord at Jerusalem. He was scarcely whose writings are in our possession. settled on his throne, when he conHe was witness to the first captivity certed measures with So, king of of the four tribes, carried away by Egypt, to throw off the Assyrian Tiglath-pileser, and the extinction yoke, under which his kingdom had of the kingdom of Samaria by Shal-long groaned. Informed of this, maneser. St. Jerome will have it, Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, invadthat he prophesied even afterwards. ed the country of the ten tribes; The first verses of chap. i. have a and after three or four years, took view to the death of Zechariah, king all their fenced cities, reduced Saof Israel, and son of Jeroboam the maria and others to ruin, killed Ho2d. From the sixth verse of the first shea, ripped up women with child, chapter to the third chapter, is a dashed infants to pieces, and carried prediction of the captivity of Israel; most of the survivors to the territobut after he has 'oretold their capti-ries of his eastern empire, 2 Kings vity, he declares their return and xv. 30. and xvii. Hos. i.-xiii. end of it. He inveighs strongly Amos ii.-ix. against the disorders which prevailed HOSPITALITY, a kind disposi in the kingdom of the ten tribes. tion to entertain and lodge STRANHe speaks of the Israelites as of a GERS, 1 Tim. iii. 2. Heb. xiii. people entirely corrupted, and the

HOST, (1.) An entertainer of

strangers, lodgers, or guests, Rom.great hours; the third of which endxvi. 23. (2.) An ARMY; so the ed about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, Levites and priests are called the Mark xv. 25. In the New TestaLord's host, who attended him, and ment, the day is plainly divided into protected the order and purity of his 12 hours, which perhaps lengthened worship, 1 Chron. ix. 19. and the and shortened as the day did; the saints, on account of their number, third was about our 9 o'clock, the are called the hosts of nations, or sixth at 12, the 9th about 3 in the well-ordered multitudes, Jer. iii. 19. afternoon, and the eleventh a little HOSTAGE, a person delivered before sun-set, Matt. xx. 1-6. John into the hand of another, as a secu- xi. 9. and xix. 14. Hour also sigrity for the performance of some en- nifies any fixed season, or opportugagement. Conquered kings, or na-nity, and especially what is short: tions, often give hostages for the hence we read of the hour of temppayment of their tribute, or continu- tation, of judgment, of Christ's ance of subjection, 2 Kings xiv. 14. death, or second coming, of the HOT. God's hot wrath, displea-power of Satan. and his agents sure, or heat of his anger, is his holy against Christ, Rev. iii. 3, 10. and and high displeasure against sin, dis-xiv. 7. John viii. 20. Luke xxii. played in the most fearful and tor- 53. Perhaps an hour may signify menting judgments, Exod. xxii. 24. the 24th part of a year, or 15 days, Deut. ix. 19. Judg. ii. 19. Such as Rev. ix. 15. The half hour of siare lively, zealous, and active, in re-lence in heaven, is thought to have ligion, are hot, Rev. iii. 15. One's been the few years of considerable heart is hot, when filled with trou- peace in the Christian church, from ble, grief, and sorrow, Psa. xxxix. 4. D. 323 to 330, Rev. xii. 1. 3. and thus Ezekiel went to prophe- one hour, is much about the same sy in the heat of his spirit, Ezek. iii. time, Rev. xvii. 12. or suddenly, all 14. The hottest of the battle, is at once, Rev. xviii. 10. where it is most fierce, dangerous, HOUSE, (1.) A house to dwell and destructive, 2 Sam. xi. 15. Tolin, Gen. xix. 3. and so the grave pursue one hotly, is to do it in great is a house to the dead, and the body wrath, and with much speed, Gen. to the soul, Job xxx. 23. and iv. 19. xxxi. 36. 2 Cor. v. 1. (2.) The household,

In

HOUR. The Hebrews appear to family, or nation, who dwell toge have known nothing of hours till ther, Acts x. 2. and so the families, the Chaldean captivity. The first tribes, and nation of Israel, are callmention thereof is by Daniel, chap. ed a house, Numb. i. 18—45. 1 v. 5. They divided their day into Chron. xxiv. 4. Isa. xlviii. 1. Hos. morning, from sun-rising to about v. 1. Mic. iii. 1, 9. (3.) Kindred, 9 o'clock; high day, or noon, which lineage, Luke i. 27. (4.) The subended at mid-day; the first evening, stance and wealth pertaining to a which reached from mid-day to family. In this sense the Pharisees about our 3 o'clock in the afternoon; devour widows' houses, Mark xii. and the second evening, which reach- 40. (5.) The affairs belonging to ed to sun-set, Exod. xii. 6. The a family: these Hezekiah was to set night, they divided into night, mid- in order before his death, Isa. xxxviii. night, and morning watch. Becom- 1. Heaven, the church, the tabering tributary to the Romans, they di-nacle, temple, and ordinances, are vided their night into four watches, represented as God's house, or a spi so called, because the watching cen- ritual house; as God planned, formtinels were relieved every three ed, finished, or owned them, so hours, Matt. xiv. 25. and it is said, he did or does dwell in them, and that in the temple service, the day display his glory, power, and grace, was divided into four watches, or in a peculiar manner, John xiv. 1.

HULDAH. See JOSIAH. HUMBLE, lowly in mind before God, and esteeming others better

Heb. iii. 2. Judg. xviii. 81. 2 Cholana, Colimna, Colsa, Colane, Chron. v. 14. Psa. Ixxxiv. 10. The Colnatha. What if his posterity, at saints are a spiritual house, and least part of them, rather took up HOUSEHOLD of faith; being form- their residence in the desert of Syria, ed by the Holy Ghost, and furnished near Tadmor, where we find the city with spiritual graces, and enabled Cholle once stood? Gen. x. 23. to believe the truth as it is in Jesus; God dwells in them, and among them, as their master, parent, and householder; and ministers attend than ourselves, Job xxii. 29. James them as their servants, 1 Pet. ii. 5. iv. 6. Humbleness or humility, conGal. vi. 10. Matt. xiii. 27. and xxi. sists in having low thoughts of our33. The house of God, at which selves; a deep sense of our unwor dangerous judgment begins, is either thiness and weakness, and our walkthe ruined Jewish temple, or the ing accordingly. This temper is persecuted Christian church, 1 Pet. pleasing to God, and prepares us for iv. 17. The house of David, and in- receiving further degrees of fellowhabitants of Jerusalem, are all ranks, ship with him, and blessings from both great and small, Zech. xiii. 1. him, Prov. xv. 33. and xxii. 4. In To join house to house, and field to this temper we imitate Christ, who field, till there be no place, is to is meek and lowly, and who, for our join several farms or occupations sakes, condescended to the meanest together, in order hastily to get abasement, Phil. ii. 8. There is also rich and by which a great many, a base humility, that lies in a silly especially of the poor, are deprived abjectness of mind: of this kind is of subsistence, Isa. v. 8. God made that which leads men to worship anhouses to the Hebrews, or to the gels, and follow after superstition, midwives; he prospered and in-Col. ii. 18, 23. Men humble themcreased their families, Exod. i. 22. selves, when they consider their sins, Such as build their hopes on Christ repent of them, and readily submit in his word, are like houses founded to God's disposal, 2 Chron. xxxiv. on a rock; their hopes cannot be over- 27. They are humble, when afturned by any temptation, affliction, flicted and brought low in their cirdeath, or judgment to come; but cumstances, Deut. viii. 2. Isa. x. 33. such as found their hopes on any and so a woman is said to be humthing else, are like houses built on the bled, when she loses her honour of sand, which, amidst temptation and virginity or chastity, Deut. xxi. 14. trouble, are easily overthrown, or Ezek. xxi. 10, 11. Christ's humiruined, Matt. vii. 24, 25. As the liation, is his low state, in his birth, houses of the Hebrews had ordina-life, death, and interment, Aets viii. rily flat roofs, the house-tops were 33. used to speak from to neighbours, or to gaze on an approaching ene- of food, Matt. iv. 1. and to be my, Matt. x. 27. Isa. xxii. 1. hungry, is to have great need, and a great desire after food, 2 Sam. xvii. 29. (2.) A want of food, which causeth this longing appetite; so men are killed by hunger, Jer. xviii. HUL, or CHUL, sorrow, pain in 9. Rev. vi. 8. Earnest desire after child-birth, the son of Aram, and Jesus and his salvation, is called grandson of Shem. Josephus says, he hunger; how it pains men, till the peopled Armenia; and here were an- blessings desired be obtained! Matt. cient vestiges of his name. Colbo- v. 6. Luke v. 53. Such as feed on thene, or Colbeth, signifies the dwell- Christ, never hunger or thirst; finding of Hul or Chol. Here also we find ing enough in him, they never de

To HOWL, to cry out with bitter grief, Isa. xiii. 6.

HUGE, very great, numerous, 2 Chron. xvi. 8.

HUNGER, (1.) An earnest desire

sire any thing else, as the chief por- his vineyard for cultivation, who tion of their soul, John vi. 35.-One's abused his prophets and Son, and strength is hunger-bitten, when it de- in the end were miserably destroyed, cays for want of food, Job xviii. 12. Matt. xxi. 33-41.

To HUNT, to chase wild-beasts in HUSHAI, their host, their sensuorder to kill them. Whatever pur-ality, their silence, the Archite, Dasues one to ruin him, is represented vid's trusty friend; who, hearing as a hunter. Job complains that God of his flight before Absalom, met hunted his soul as a fierce lion, that him with dust upon his head, and his is, pursued him with his judgments, clothes rent. By David's advice, he Job x. 16. Evil hunts the wicked returned, and appeared to comply man; one mischief comes upon him with Absalom, at least uttered words after another, notwithstanding all the that were taken to import friendship. shifts he can make to escape them, By a humorous and flattering adPsa. cxl. 11. Saul hunted for Da- vice he prevailed on Absalom, and vid's life to take it away, 1 Sam. his party, to defer their pursuit of xxiv. 11. Adulteresses, false pro- David for some days; and so, conphets, and malicious persons, hunt trary to the advice of Ahithophel, men, tempt them to evil, and pro- their cause was ruined. He also commote their ruia, Prov. vi. 26. Ezek. municated proper information to Daxiii. 18, 20. Mic. vii. 2. The Chal-vid, 2 Sam. xv. and xvi.-Probably deans hunted the Jews, chased and Baanah, Solomon's deputy-governor murdered them in every corner of in the tribe of Asher, was his son, their land, Jer. xvi. 16. Nimrod 1 Kings iv. 19.

was a mighty hunter before the Lord; HUZZAB, molten, the queen of, either much given to the chase of or perhaps some strong fort in, Ninewild beasts, by ridding the country of veh; or even Nineveh itself, so callwhich, he engaged his neighbours ed from the firm-like establishment to make him their king; or, under a of it. Huzzab was led captive by pretence of hunting, he gathered a the Medes and Chaldeans, Nah. ii. 7. band of soldiers, who assisted him HYMENEUS, nuptial, marriage, to erect his tyrannical monarchy, or a wedding song, he was probably Gen. x. 9. a native of Ephesus; for a while he enHUR, liberty, whiteness, hole, the joyed faith and a good conscience; but son of Caleb, and grandson of Hez-made shipwreck thereof, and fell into ron; perhaps the husband of Miriam, grievous errors, and probably abominand grandfather of Bezaleel. He able practices. On this account, Paul and Aaron held up Moses's hands at excommunicated him from the church, Rephidim, during the engagement delivering him and Alexander to Sawith the Amalekites; and they go- tan. Several years after, we find verned the people when he was on mount Sinai, Exod. xvii. 10. and xxiv. 14. 1 Chron. ii. 19, 20. To HURL, to drive quickly and tism, 1 Tim. i. 20. 2 Tim. iii. 17. furiously, Job xxvii. 21.

him and Philetus asserting that there was no other resurrection than that from sin to grace, by faith and bap

HYMN, a song of praise, or religious poem. Paul requires Christians to admonish one another with psalms, and hymns, and spiritual songs, Eph, v. 19. Col. iii. 16. See SING.

HUSBAND. See MARRIAGE. HUSBANDMAN, a dresser of the ground, Gen. ix. 20. God is likened to a husbandman; he sows, plants, cultivates, and expects fruit from HYPOCRISY, a seeming or prohis church, John xv. 1. it is his hus- fessing to be what in reality we are bandry, the great object of his care not. It consists in assuming a characand work, 1 Cor. iii. 9. The Jew-ter which we are conscious does not ish priests, rulers, and others, were belong to us, and by which we inthe husbandmen to whom God let ont tentionally impose on the judgment

of mankind concerning us, Isa. xxxii.] the ancient prophets, while they ha6. It is a most dangerous evil, and ted John Baptist, Christ, and his difficult of cure. It is hard to be apostles, Matt. xxiii. 3–31. and xii. discerned; and the very means of 1-7. and xv. 2, 7, 8. and vii. 5. salvation, deceitfully used, occasion HYSSOP, in general, is of two men's hardening themselves in it. kinds, garden and mountain hyssop. Next to the divine Spirit dwelling It is a shrub which shoots forth a in us, the most effectual remedy of multitude of twigs, or suckers, from it is, a steadfast belief in the omni- one root: it is as hard as any large science of God, Luke xii. 1, 2, 3. A wood, and ordinarily grows about a hypocrite is one who, like a stage-foot and a half high, at proper dis player, feigns himself to be what he tances. Its stock on both sides emits is not, assumes an appearance of true longish leaves, which are hard, odoreligion, without the reality of it, riferous, warmish, and a little bitter Luke vi. 42. He will not always to the taste. Its blossoms appear on call on God; will not persevere in the top of the stem, of an azure coprayer; his joy is but for a moment; lour, and like to an ear of corn. It his hope is unsubstantial, and shall is probable, that hyssop grew to a quickly perish, Job xxvii. 8, 9, 10. greater height with the Jews than in and xx. 5. and viii. 13. The ancient Europe; for it was so long in stalk, Pharisees were noted hypocrites: that the soldiers, filling a spunge they said, and did not; talked of vir- with vinegar, and putting it on a tue, and recommended it to others, reed, or stick of hyssop, held it up to but were at no pains to practise it; our Saviour's mouth, as he hung on what good-like things they did, were the cross or the bunch of hyssop done to be seen and praised of men; was fixed on the reed, John xix. 29. they ambitiously affected vain ap-In sprinkling the blood of the passplause, and outward honour; they over lamb, and the water of purificahid their abominable vices under tion, and the mingled blood and wa pretences of religion and virtue; ter on the leper, a bunch of hyssop they were excessively strict in mat- was used, which might shadow forth ters circumstantial, and as lax in the the ordinances of the gospel, in which more important duties of religion; Jesus's blood is brought near, and very careful of ceremonial purity, applied to our soul, Exodus xii. but did not regard cleanness of heart, 22. Numbers xix. 18. Leviticus and the spiritual worship of God; xiv. 4, 52.-The hyssop burnt with they severely censured the faults of the flesh of the red heifer, might others, while they indulged them- denote the purity and purifying virselves in crimes much greater; they tue of Jesus's atonement, Numbers professed a great deal of regard to xix. 6.

END OF THE FIRST VOLUME.