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Captain Cooke, not contented to give us an Account of the River of the Amazons, as it is to be found in feveral Authors, has inferted a new Map of that great River, drawn by the Jefuits in Peru, printed in 1707. at Quito in the fame Kingdom, and dedicated to Philip V. That Map was found on Board one of the Ships taken in the South Sea. It contains the following Words written in the Spanish Language,

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"THIS Famous River, the greatest in the "known World, fometimes called of the Amazons, " and fometimes of Orellana, is the true Maragnon, "a Name given it by the ableft Cofmographers, "from its very Source and upper Provinces. "rifes in the Lake Lauricocha, near the City Gud46 nuco, in the Kingdom of Peru, and runs (1800) Eighteen Hundred Leagues, till it falls into the "North-Sea, forming 84 Mouths. Near the City Borja it draws up into a Streight called el Pongo, "only 25 Yards in Breadth, and three Leagues in Length and confequently fo very rapid, that "Boats run down it in a Quarter of an Hour. Both the Banks of it, from the City of Jaen, in the "Province of Bracamoros, where it begins to be "Navigable, down to the Sea, are covered with "Woods of very tall Trees, among which is Timber of all Colours, abundance of Cacao, Zarzaparilla, and the Bark they call Cloves, used for dreifing of Meat, and Dying. Among the innu. merable Variety of Fish it produces, the most fingular is the Manati, or Sea-Cow, fo called from "its Refemblance. It feeds on Grafs along the Banks, and the Female brings forth and fuckles her Young. It alfo produces vaft plenty of Tor"toifes, Armadillos, Alligators or Crocodiles, and "fome Snakes of fuch a prodigious Magnitude, that they swallow a Man. On the Mountains there are "fierce Tigers, wild Boars, very many Dantas, be

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ing a Species of wild Buffaloes, and many other "Sorts of Animals of feveral Colours in the Plains. "All the Length of it is peopled by barbarous NaThe most noted are fet down in this "Map, especially on the Rivers that "fall into it, "fome of which are reported to carry much Gold. "The Portuguese have fome Towns about the Mouth "of it, and a Fort on Rio Negro, or the black "River".

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It appears from the fame Map, that the Jefuits have a very extenfive Miffion along the River of the Amazons, whither they began to fend Miffionaries in the Year 1638. Their chief Settlement is in the City of St. Francis of Borja, in the Province of the Mainos, Three Hundred Leagues from Quito. The Barbarians have killed feveral Jefuits, whofe Names are inferted in the Map. The Society have, (befides the Parish of Borja, and its Dependencies) 39 Towns founded by their Labour in Four several Diftricts. We are told, That the Jefuits have converted and baptized 26000 People, and that they have contracted Friendship with several numerous Nations, which they hope to convert,

ادم

The Account of this curious Voyage is continued, in the Fifth Volume, Art. IX.

ARTICLE

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PROBLEMES DE PHYSIQUE, Sçavoir, fi la generation du Foetus depend ou non de fa nourriture. II. S'il y a ou non entre luy & la femme une reciproque circulation. III. Si le Foetus fe nourrit d'un pretendu lait de la matrice, ou du fang de fa mere. IV. Si devenu fort il fuce ou non ce lait fuppofe. V. Sifa vie dépend ou non de celle de fa mere. VI. Si Penfant fort de la matrice, parcequ'il eft privé d'aliment, ou parcequ'il en eft chaffé par la contraction de cette partie refolus par M. MER Y, l'un des Anatomistes de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, & Maître Chirurgien de l' Hotel-Dieu de Paris. A Paris, chez Jean Boudot, Imprimeur ordinaire du Roy & de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, rue S. Jacques, au Soleil d'Or, M DCC XII.

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PHYSICAL PROBLEMS. I. Whether the Generation of the Foetus depends upon its Nourishment. II. Whether there is a mutual Circulation between the Foetus and the Mother. III. Whether the ?Fœtus is nourished with the pretended Milk of the Womb, or with the Blood of the Mother. IV. Whether, when it grows Strong, it fucks that pretended Milk. V. Whether its Life depends upon that of its Mother, VI. Whether upon that the Child comes out of the Womb, because it wants Nourishment, or because it is thrust our by the Contraction of that Part. Refolved by Mr. MERY one of the Anatomifts of the Royal Academy of Sciences, and Chi rurgeon of the Hotel-Dieu at Paris. Paris 1712. in 4to. Pagg. 31.

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" and therefore I fhall present the Rea"ders with the following Extract taken from the Fournal des Scavans."

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THESE Differtations, which are newly come our, have been occafioned by a Thefis maintained laft Year in the Schools of Phyfick at Paris. Dr. Falconet

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I have published an Extract of that Thelis.

the Son, who was the Author of that Thefis, explained his Opinion about the Formation and Nourishment of the Fatus. He undertook particularly to confute thofe, who believe that the Child lives upon the Mother's Blood. That Opinion, which most of the Ancients followed, appeared to him contrary to the newes of the Philofophers, who perceiving in the Place wherein the Child is nourifhed, a milky Liquor feparated from the Mother's Blood, inferred from it, that fuch a Liquor was only defigned for the Nourishment of the Child. But among thofe who are of this Opinion, fome believe ftill that there is fome Communication between the Mother's Blood, and that of the Child ti

Mr. Mery, whom Dr. Falconet did not name in his Thefis, being contented to call him a Learned Anatomift, to exprefs his Efteem for him, thought himfelf obliged to attack an Opinion contrary to his Doctrine. He could not well bear, that what he had advanced as a Demonftration in the Memoirs of the Royal Academy of Sciences, fhould be called an Error, in the publick Schools of Phyfick, by a Doctor whofe Capacity and Experience he himself acknowledges in feveral Places. Wherefore he undertakes to fhew that it is not true, that the Generation of the Fatus does not lefs depend upon its Nourishment, than its Growth and Perfection. Any one (says he) who maintains fuch a Propofition, must believe, that the Mouth was firft opened by the Food conveyed into the Stomach of the Child; the Anus, by the coming out of the Meconium; the Arteria Trachea, by the Air going into the Lungs; and all the Veffels, by the Liquors. But fince the Reception and Diftribution of the Food require that the

I omit here a short Account of Dr. Falconet's Syftem, not to repeat what has been already faid upon that Subject in one of my former Papers.

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