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palm of the second gnathopod carries a long sharp tooth at its hinder angle, and a second tooth, stout and short, at its middle. In the later account, which is fortified by a figure, this palm is described as deeply excavate, forming with the hind margin a sharp, very salient angle, armed with a long spine. Nothing is said about a second median tooth. It is with this later account that our specimen agrees. A distinguishing feature of the species is the great length of the sixth joint in the long fourth peræopods. In the fifth peræopods the second joint has the front margin protruding below and there furnished with a few long plumose setæ, and behind the broad expansion of this joint is crenulate with great minuteness. These characters it shares to some extent with H. abyssi, Sars, but in that species the postero-lateral angles of the third pleon segment are rounded, while here they are produced into a strong tooth. According to Chevreux the inner branch of the third uropods is almost as long as the two-jointed outer branch. In the South African specimen it is in fact quite as long.

Length of specimen, 5 mm.

Locality. Table Mountain, E. 41 miles; depth, 245 fathoms; bottom green sand.

GEN. PONTHARPINIA, Stebbing.

1897. Pontharpinia, Stebbing, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Ser. 2, vol. vii., p. 32.

1906. Pontharpinia, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, p. 145.

Among the characters of this genus given in Das Tierreich I have included the following: Hood obtuse, eyes distinct, palp of mandible slender, with third joint shorter than second, first and second gnathopods similar. The new species which I now propose to include in the genus has the hood produced to an extremely acute apex, uncinately deflexed; the mandibular palp is not specially slender and its third joint is equal in length to the second; also the first and second gnathopods (in the female) are dissimilar. The species Phoxus uncirostratus, Giles, referred by Della Valle and A. O. Walker respectively to Phoxocephalus and Leptophoxus, is set down in Das Tierreich as an uncertain member of Pontharpinia. Phoxus geniculatus, Stimpson, ought, as I now think, to have received the same treatment. Giles says concerning his species: "although I carefully dissected the head of one specimen, I could make out no trace of eyes." Stimpson attributes" "eyes white" to his species, and in the one here to be described they are dark

reddish, still after long preservation in spirit. In general appearance there is an extraordinary resemblance between the specimen from South Africa and the figure which Dr. Giles gives of his species from the Bay of Bengal. Besides the want of eyes, however, that species offers another distinction shown in a detail figure and clearly noted in the description, namely, that in the third uropods "the inner ramus is considerably shorter than the first joint of the outer." In our species the inner ramus is nearly as long as the first joint of the outer. In regard to the mouth-organs of the Indian species, some of the detail figures and statements must be attributed to the use of inadequate apparatus. The palp of the mandible, for example, is said to be two-jointed. The palp of the first maxilla is figured as one-jointed. It is not easy to believe that such differences could coexist with the remarkable likeness which the head and peræopods show to those of our species. Stimpson's description of his Japanese species is very brief, but contains one noteworthy expression-"rami of the posterior caudal styles unequal, the outer ones long, threejointed"—with which I may compare my own preliminary note on the South African specimen, uropod 3, outer branch much longer than inner, the spination giving it an almost three-jointed appearance. Stimpson gives white as the colour of his species, and Giles. describes his as of a uniformly dirty-white colour. The African specimen attracted attention by the conspicuous red of some parts, while others were white. But this is not necessarily differential, if we consider the account given by Dr. Giles of his species Parapleustes pictus, in which the red and white are variously distributed in different specimens, which were "found crawling upon a Pennatula, the pink and white colours of which are almost exactly imitated in the amphipod" (J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. lix., p. 71).

PONTHARPINIA STIMPSONI, n. sp.
Plate XXXVII.

Head elongate, rostral part broad till near the apex, which is drawn out to a very fine point curving downwards. Of the peræon segments the second is the shortest. First side-plate with rounded. front produced forward, fourth much the largest. Third pleon segment with postero-lateral corners rounded and a row of setæ carried obliquely from the corners almost across the surface; fifth and sixth segments small.

Eyes small, irregularly oval, dark red, placed wide apart just behind the post-antennal corners. First antennæ with first joint large,

much longer than second and third joints combined, carrying a subapical feathered seta; second joint small, much larger than third; primary and accessory flagella on one side respectively with 18 and 15 joints, on the other side each with 17 joints, the primary nearly as long as the peduncle, the accessory a little shorter. Second antennæ with first two joints obscure, the third having at the end of the lower margin a small squared process fringed below with setæ and marked off above by a suture; the fourth joint longer, armed with spines and setæ, the fifth narrow, shorter than the third; the flagellum 21-jointed, rather longer than the peduncle.

The left mandible having cutting edge and accessory plate obscurely dentate, spine-row of 10 small spines, feeble molar carrying one or two spines, palp with rather broad second joint unarmed, not longer than the third joint which carries a few spines near the base and several fringing the obliquely truncate apex. The right mandible appears to differ only by want of an accessory plate. The palps in situ lie close together under the rostrum. Lower lip with inner plates conspicuous, the outer lobes wide apart. The first maxilla with short, wide inner plate carrying three setæ on inner margin of the rounded apex; outer plate apically armed with 11 spines, some of them denticulate, the two-jointed palp long, fringed with 7 slender spines along the apical margin, which is so oblique as almost to look like part of the inner lateral edge. The second maxilla with both plates broad, spinose, the outer the longer, with short spines along its outer margin. The maxillipeds have the inner plates fringed along the broadly truncate apex and distal part of inner margin with long setæ, without visible spine-teeth. The outer plates are narrow, not reaching the end of the palp's first joint, and carry four spines on the inner margin. The palp is very elongate, the second joint the largest, the third narrowly oval, produced slightly beyond the base of the narrow curved finger, which ends in a thin nail or spine.

The first gnathopods have a fusiform fifth joint, longer than third and fourth joints combined, but shorter and much narrower than the sixth, which is much longer than broad, widening to the squared space which with its palmar spine defines the otherwise convex palm. The finger is slender, curved, matching the palm, with small hyaline cap over the pointed apex. The second gnathopods agree with the first in regard to shape of palm and finger, but differ strikingly in some respects, the sixth joint being very much larger, nearly as broad as long, with the palm more oblique, while the fourth and fifth

joints are about equal in length and together form a sort of cup for the sixth joint.

The first and second peræopods are alike, having the fourth joint broad, nearly twice as long as the fifth, which is oval with the narrow end below, carrying two stout spines; the narrower but longer sixth joint is likewise armed with some stout spines, and the finger is very slender. The third peræopods have the second joint only moderately expanded, the hind margin straight, the front irregularly convex, fringed with setæ; the fourth joint as broad as the second, as broad as long, and like the two following joints well. furnished with spines; the fifth joint rather longer, less broad; the sixth again longer, but narrow; the finger smoothly slender, curved at the tip. In the fourth peræopods the second joint is broadly oval, fringed with setæ in front, the fourth and following joints. considerably larger than in the preceding pair, though rather similar in pattern, but only the fourth joint and not the fifth narrowing downwards. The small fifth permopods have the hind margin of the second joint serrate; all the other joints are very small, from the fourth to the end successively shorter, the third, fourth, and fifth pressing close to the margin of the second. The branchial vesicles are simple. The marsupial plates in the specimen were narrow, probably not at full development.

The pleopods have groups of spines on the surface of the peduncles. The coupling spines are small, the rami subequal, the outer with about 18, the inner 14 joints. The first uropods have the peduncle subequal to the outer ramus, which carries four spines at and near the apex, while the rather shorter inner ramus has five spines along the inner margin and a stout one at the apex; the second are shorter, with spines along the inner margin of peduncle and each ramus; the third have the peduncle not longer than that of the second pair, but the narrow two-jointed outer ramus considerably longer than that of the first pair, the second joint rather long, half the length of the first, the inner ramus nearly as long as the first joint of the outer, both rami tipped and otherwise armed with many long setæ.

The telson is not longer than broad, the two halves closely united, with a spine at the outer part of each broadly rounded apex, and two feathered setæ high up on each outer margin. The telson is not so long as the peduncle of the third uropods.

Length, about 8 mm.

After long preservation in spirit the specimen above described was conspicuous among many different species by its crimson colouring,

generally diffused except on the end of the rostrum, the third to the sixth pleon segments, the flagella of the antennæ, the terminal part of the fourth peræopods, and the peduncles of the first and second uropods. A study of the figure will show that the colour distribution is probably adapted to the animal in a resting position. The parts naturally concealed under those circumstances are also uncoloured, namely, the mouth-organs, gnathopods, and first peræopods.

Locality. Dredged in lat. 33° 9′ 30′′ S., long. 28° 3′ 00′′ E., at 47 fathoms depth; and between Bird Island and mainland, 10-16 fathoms.

The specific name is intended to call attention to the species too briefly described by the eminent American naturalist.

FAMILY LILJEBORGIIDÆ.

GEN. LILJEBORGIA, Bate.

1861. Iduna, Boeck (preocc.), Forh. Skand. Naturf., Möde 8, p. 656.

1862. Liljeborgia, Bate and Westwood, Brit. Sess. Crust., vol. i., p. 202.

1862. Liljeborgia, Bate, Catal. Amph. Brit. Mus., p. 118.

1906. Liljeborgia, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, p. 230.

The name of this genus, coined in compliment to Professor Liljeborg, is often erroneously printed Lilljeborgia. But the fact that the Professor changed the spelling of his own name from Liljeborg to Lilljeborg does not justify a change in the scientific

term.

LILJEBORGIA DUBIA (Haswell).

1880. Eusirus dubius, Haswell, P. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, vol. iv., p. 331, pl. 20, fig. 3.

1888. Liljeborgia haswelli, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, Reports, vol. xxix., p. 985, pl. 92.

1906. Liljeborgia dubia, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, p. 233.

The dorsal tooth of the sixth and seventh peræon segments doubtfully mentioned in Das Tierreich was not visible in the South African specimen, a small one, about 8 mm. long.

Locality. False Bay, Paulsberg W.N.W. 1 mile; depth, 24 fathoms; bottom, sand and shells.

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