The second joint of the
The first and second

46 joints, most of them broader than long. mandibular palp had only four spines. peræopods were without the fringe of setæ. The third uropods showed little armature. But the telson was distinguished by a small tooth, produced backward, at the outer angle of each lobe, while in the more mature specimen the outer angle does not reach the rest of the apical margin.

Locality. Dredged between Bird Island and the mainland in 4-16 fathoms.

FAMILY AMPELISCIDE.

GEN. AMPELISCA, Kröyer.

1842. Ampelisca, Kröyer, Naturhist. Tidsskr., vol. iv., p. 154. 1906. Ampelisca, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, pp. 98, 721.

AMPELISCA CHILTONI, Stebbing.

1888. Ampelisca chiltoni, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, Reports, vol. xxix., p. 1042, pl. 103.

1905. Ampelisca chiltoni, Chilton, Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. xxxviii., p. 267.

1906. Ampelisca chiltoni, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, p. 102. It should be noticed that this species bears great resemblance to the large Arctic form, A. eschrichtii, Kröyer, from which it is distinguished by having the postero-lateral angles of the third pleon segment subquadrate and minutely produced, instead of strongly produced and insinuate, and by having dorsal spinules on the telson, which are wanting in the northern form. A. fusca is another closely allied species, but with the first antennæ more strongly developed, and the hind lobe of the second joint in the fifth peræopods narrower and more strongly produced downwards than in A. chiltoni.

A specimen measuring 23 mm. from front of head to apex of telson, had first antennæ 7 mm. long and second antennæ 16 mm. This was a female carrying eggs, some of which were brown, others yellow. The back was sharply carinate from the sixth peræon segment to the fourth of the pleon, the latter segment having a strongly sinuous medio-dorsal outline. The branchial vesicles are pleated. The lenses of the eyes retain for long a scarlet rim in methylated spirit.

Locality. The specimen above described was taken in False Bay, Paulsberg, W.N.W. 1 mile; depth 24 fathoms. Another specimen,

taken in False Bay, Cape Point Lighthouse, W. 6 miles; depth, 37 fathoms, was 22.5 mm. long. The species was also dredged in 47 fathoms, lat. 33° 9' 30" S., long. 28° 3' 00" E. Dr. Chilton, in his report on "Crustacea from the Coast of Auckland," says of this species: "One imperfect specimen dredged off Great Barrier Island, at a depth of 120 fathoms, appears to belong to this species. I have also two specimens dredged off the Poor Knights Islands, in 40 fathoms, and two others collected in Kaipara Harbour by Dr. Cockayne, that certainly belong to it."

AMPELISCA FUSCA, Stebbing.

1888. Ampelisca fusca, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, Reports, vol. xxix., pp. 1052, 1651, pl. 105.

1893. Ampelisca fusca, Della Valle, Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, vol. xx., p. 483.

1906. Ampelisca fusca, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, p. 102, figs. 22-24.

The dark colour of the Challenger specimens, to which the specific name alludes, was probably due to the preservative employed. The specimens more recently received from the Cape show no such obfuscation, but retain, for a considerable period, brilliant colouring, red spots and broader markings on a green ground. The eyes have a bright red pigment and the antennæ a banded appearance. In the Challenger report the first antennæ are described as longer than the second, but the comparative dimensions are at any rate sometimes inverted. Also in the new specimens the fingers of the first and second peræopods have a less comparative length, and the fifth peræopods differ a little from the earlier account. The lower lobe of the second joint has its setigerous hind margin straight, or sometimes tending to be concave rather than convex, and the sixth joint is not so much narrowed apically as in my figure of it. Otherwise the agreement between the two sets of specimens is so minute as to leave no room for supposing any specific difference between them. One of the specimens measured 15 mm. in length.

Locality. Dredged Vasco de Gama Point, S. 75 E. 133 miles, at 166 fathoms.

AMPELISCA BREVICORNIS (Costa).

1853. Araneops brevicornis, A. Costa, Rend. Soc. Borbon., n. ser., vol. ii., p. 171.

1891. Ampelisca lævigata, Sars, Crustacea of Norway, vol. i., p. 169, pl. 59, fig. 1.

1906. Ampelisca brevicornis, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, p. 100.

The specimen here in question corresponds in all essentials with that species which Sars describes and figures under the name "Ampelisca lævigata, Lilljeborg," 1855. Costa's name for it, though devoid of descriptive value, has the priority. Among the marked features of this species are the extremely small ocular lenses, the concave lower margin of the head, the strongly bisinuate margins. and sharply produced postero-lateral angles of the third pleon segment, the fourth pleon segment with level carina behind the saddle-shaped dorsal depression, and the dorsal rows of setules on the telson. Our specimen, which is a male, considerably exceeds the size given by Sars, being 17 mm. long, whereas Sars says, "length of adult female 12 mm., of male about the same.' Its colouring (in spirit) is a uniform pale green. The first antennæ are 8 mm. long, the second joint of the peduncle the longest, fringed below with numerous tufts of setules, the third joint very short, widening distally, the long slender flagellum more than twice as long as the peduncle, reaching a little beyond the peduncle of the second antennæ, and having the first joint peculiarly shaped, at first narrowing rapidly and fringed below with a brush of filaments, and again slightly widening to the apex. The second antennæ are 17 mm. long, the penultimate joint of the flagellum much longer than the ultimate, both fringed above with little tufts of setules.

Locality. Fresh Bay, Roman Rock, N.W. W. mile; depth, 18 fathoms; sand and shells and rough ground. A much smaller specimen, but similar in colouring, was taken at the Station, Table Mountain, E. 41 miles; depth, 245 fathoms; bottom, green sand.

GEN. BYBLIS, Boeck.

1871. Byblis, Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian., 1870, p. 228. 1906. Byblis, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, p. 111.

The new species differs from the ten species of this genus distinguished in Das Tierreich in that the third uropods reach beyond the first and second pairs by the whole extent of the rami, and in that the telson, which is considerably longer than broad, is very deeply cleft. The character of the third uropod and that of the telson must, therefore, in each case be modified by insertion of the word usually in the generic definition. It is a matter of convenience, and not of necessity, to use these parts in discriminating Byblis from

Ampelisca and Haploops. They can easily be discarded, should they through fresh discoveries cease to be useful for their original employment.

BYBLIS ANISUROPUS, n. sp.

Plate XXXVI.

The first four segments of the person are short, the side-plate of the first broadly produced forward with fringed margin, that of the fourth segment narrowly produced backward; the three following segments are much larger. The first three segments of the pleon are large, with the postero-lateral corners rounded; the fourth segment is dorsally raised in a sharp nasiform projection above the compound segment which has a dorsal depression and the dorsolateral edge rounded on each side as it approaches the telson.

The lower corneal lenses project beyond the margin of the head. Both pairs are backed by dark masses of pigment, and to the rear of the upper pair are also small patches of pigment, perhaps such as have suggested the idea of a third pair of eyes in Ampelisca rubella, Costa.

The first antennæ have a short peduncle, the joints successively. decreasing, with a flagellum of 17 or 18 joints, more than twice as long. The second antennæ are longer than the whole body, the peduncle rather longer than the first antennæ, the gland-cone of the second joint acutely projecting, the fifth joint long, but shorter than the fourth, the flagellum of about 45 joints with long seta.

Upper lip with emargination scarcely perceptible. Spine-row of mandibles containing 8 furcate spines, the right mandible without accessory cutting plate. The inner plate of first maxilla with one seta on each side a little below the apex; the outer plate carrying 11 spines in one of the pair, but apparently only ten in the other; the long second joint of the palp having 4 spines on its indented apical margin.

The gnathopods have the usual abundant furniture of the fifth and sixth joints, the fifth being considerably longer in the second pair than in the first. The finger has a fringe of spinules on the inner margin.

In the first and second peræopods the fifth joint is short and stout, decidedly shorter than the tapering sixth, and equal in length to the finger. The third peræopods have the second joint strongly convex in front, considerably broader than long. In the fourth pair this joint is but little broader than long. In the fifth pair the second joint is produced nearly to the end of the fourth, behind which it is

greatly widened, with the setose lower margin sinuous; the fourth joint is produced some way down behind the fifth, which is short and broad, but longer than the sixth, this in turn being longer than the spine-like and spine-tipped finger.

The pleopods have two slender coupling hooks on the peduncle and four cleft spines on the first joint of the inner ramus.

The first uropods have the peduncle longer than the rami, of which the outer is the longer, armed with two little spines; the inner ramus has a single spine near the middle. The second uropods have rami longer than their peduncle, the outer unarmed, the inner not much shorter and carrying two little spines. In length they are intermediate between the rami of the first pair. The third uropods have the rami considerably larger, longer than their peduncle, the outer fringed with setæ, the inner a little shorter, armed with some setæ and a row of spines. The telson, subequal in length to the peduncle of the third uropods, is considerably longer than broad, cleft for about five-sixths of its length, tapering from near the base to the slightly divergent spine-tipped apices, and furnished on the surface with setæ and spinules. It differs in shape, armature, and extent of cleavage from species of the genus hitherto described.

Length of the specimen figured, 7 mm.; another specimen measured 10 mm.

Locality. Lat. 33° 9' 30" S., long. 28° 3′ 00′′ E.; depth, 47 fathoms. The specific name alludes to the inequality of the uropods, of which the third pair, contrary to the custom in the genus, reach beyond the other two pairs by the whole extent of the rami.

FAMILY PHOXOCEPHALIDE.

GEN. HARPINIA, Boeck.

1876. Harpinia, Boeck, Skand. Arkt. Amph., vol. ii., p. 218. 1906. Harpinia, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, pp. 140, 723.

HARPINIA EXCAVATA, Chevreux.

1887. Harpinia excavata, Chevreux, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, vol. xii., p. 568.

1900. Harpinia excavata, Chevreux, Résult. Camp. Monaco, vol. xvi., p. 37, pl. 6, fig. 1.

1906. Harpinia excavata, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, Amphipoda, pp. 142, 723.

In the earlier account of this species Chevreux says that the