1907. D. b., Stimpson, Smithson. Misc. Coll., vol. xlix., p. 201, pl. 19 (facing p. 166), fig. 2.

"Dredged in twelve fathoms on a sandy bottom in Simon's Bay, Cape of Good Hope."

*DIOGENES COSTATUS, Henderson.

1893. Diogenes costatus, Henderson, Tr. Linn. Soc. London, Ser. 2, vol. v., pt. 10, p. 418, pl. 39, figs. 7, 8.

1908. D. c., Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 4, p. 24.

No. 239, sent by Dr. Gilchrist, from Great Fish Point Lighthouse, N. † W., 2 miles, depth 55 m.

* DIOGENES EXTRICATUs, n.n.

1791. Cancer diogenes, Herbst, Krabben und Krebse, vol. ii., pt. 1, p. 17, pl. 22, fig. 5.

Henderson, Tr. Linn. Soc., vol. v., p. 411, considers that probably several species are included under the name Cancer diogenes, Linn., 1767, and that the species named Pagurus diogenes by Fabricius in 1775 and 1787 was and 1787 was "unrecognisable, perhaps a Pagurus." Since, then, Herbst's species is not necessarily identical with any one of those covered by the Linnean name, and may be generically distinct from that named by Linnæus, the safest plan is to consider Herbst's use of the name as void by preoccupation. Henderson, however, names a species Diogenes diogenes (Herbst), which he identifies with Pagurus miles, Fabricius, 1798, Milne-Edwards, 1837, and Diogenes miles, Dana, 1852. But between Dana's species and Herbst's there is a notable difference. In Dana's, as Henderson well expresses it, "The ophthalmic process is narrow and elongate, exceeding the ophthalmic scales by almost half its length, and the distal half is armed with well-developed lateral spinules." In Herbst's figure the process only reaches the top of the scales, and is spoken of as little, without any allusion to denticulation. In this, as generally in other respects, our specimen agrees with Herbst's figure and description. The ophthalmic scales are fringed with a dozen graduated teeth. The smaller cheliped of the right side is conspicuously beset with the long yellow hairs which Herbst mentions. The carapace measures 20 mm. in the central line of its length. The pleon is missing. No. 236, a male, sent by Dr. Gilchrist, was obtained off Seal Island, W.S.W. (Mossel Bay). The specific name refers to the disentanglement of the synonymy and the rescue of the species from a tautologous designation.

GEN. EUPAGURUS, Brandt.

1851. Eupagurus, Brandt, Middendorff's Sibirische Reise, Zool. pt. 1, p. 105.

1888. E., Henderson, Challenger Anomura, Reports, vol. xxvii., p. 62. 1905. E., Alcock, Catal. Indian Decap. Crust., part 2, fasc. 1, pp. 122, 174.

*EUPAGURUS TRISTANENSIS, Henderson.

1888. Eupagurus tristanensis, Henderson, Challenger Anomura, Reports, vol. xxvii., p. 66, pl. 7, figs. 5, 5a. 1910. E.t., Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 5.

No. 235, a specimen, taken by Dr. Gilchrist, Scottsburgh Lighthouse, N.W. by N., 8 miles, depth 168 m., agrees well with Henderson's description of his species, which was taken off Nightingale Island, Tristan da Cunhal from a depth of 201 m. The present specimen is imperfect, wanting the right cheliped; the left cheliped agrees with Henderson's description, but certainly falls short of the 9 mm. which he gives as its length, though the body of the animal is fully 10 mm. long, as was the case with the "Challenger" specimen. In both instances the shell occupied was the "Challenger species Murex (Pseudomurex) aëdonius, Watson.

GEN. PARAPAGURUS, S. I. Smith.

"

1879. Parapagurus, Smith, Trans. Connecticut Academy, vol. v., pt. 1, p. 50.

1900. P., Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 1, p. 27.

1905. P., Alcock, Catal. Indian Decap. Crust., pt. 2, fasc. 1, pp. 98,

171.

* PARAPAGURUS DIMORPHUS (Studer).

1883. Eupagurus dimorphus, Studer, Abhandl. k. Ak. Wiss., Berlin, 1882, p. 24, pl. 2, figs. 11, 12.

"In shells of Buccinum porcatum Gm., completely covered by colonies of Epizoanthus cancrisocius v. Mart.," South of Cape of Good Hope, lat. 34° 13′ 6′′ S., long. 15° 0' 7" W., from 220 m. depth.

1888. Parapagurus d., Henderson, Challenger Anomura, Reports, vol. xxvii., p. 86, pl. 10, fig. 1.

Off the Agulhas Bank; depth 274 m.; inhabiting shells which have become almost completely absorbed by an investing Epizoanthus.

1900. P. d., Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 1, p. 28.

No. 41A, sent by Dr. Gilchrist, from lat. 34° 3' 15" S., long.

18° 31' E.

1905. P. d., Alcock, Catal. Indian Decap. Crust., pt. 2, fasc. 1, p. 172.

* PARAPAGURUS BOUVIERI, n. sp.

Plate XLIII.

The present species is distinguished from P. dimorphus by the very different chelipeds of both male and female. From P. pilosimanus, S. I. Smith, with which A. Milne-Edwards and Bouvier unite Henderson's P. abyssorum, it is distinguished by the eyes, which have both the base of the eye-stalk and the cornea dilated. In the latter respect it agrees with P. affinis, Henderson, but there the base of the eye-stalk is not dilated, and the ophthalmic scale terminates in from four to six denticles, instead of a simple subacute apex, as in the other two species. The base of the eye-stalk, but not the cornea, is somewhat dilated in the species or variety P. abyssorum. Milne-Edwards and Bouvier speak of the first antennæ in P. pilosimanus as having a four-jointed peduncle, but I think they have been led by the two or three projecting points of the basal joint into fancying a division where there was only an integumentary fold. In the present species the eye does not quite reach the base of the long third joint, which carries a finely tapering, setose flagellum of about 24 articulations, with a slender secondary of eight or nine. The setose acicle of the second antennæ does not reach beyond the peduncle, with the spinules of its inner margin only visible at a particular angle; the flagellum is very long and slender.

The third maxillipeds have the third joint longer than the fourth, its straight inner margin bordered with 14 spines.

The chelipeds do not show any great divergence from those described for the evidently somewhat variable P. pilosimanus. The fifth and sixth joints are covered with a velvety pubescence, leaving more or less bare the short thumb, to which the finger follows suit, neither showing a corneous tip. The second and third peræopods are also in close agreement with those of the primary species, both elongate, but the second notably shorter than the third. It seems to me that in this species, contrary to what is said to be the custom in the genus, the genital opening is discernible in the basal joint of the third peræopods on the right side as well as on the left. The short fourth peræopods have the padded border closely set with plumose setæ, but so feebly produced as to give but little holdfast to

the excavate setulose inner border of the small obtuse finger. Still less apparently can there be any grasping power between the blunt apex of the sixth joint and the stumpy pyramidal finger in the fifth peræopods.

The first and second pairs of pleopods in the male are symmetrical, the second much wider apart than the first, and both differing from those figured for P. pilosimanus in being apically broader. The distal part of the second pair is beset with more or less curving spines.

The left uropod is very much larger than the right. The telson is nearly symmetrical, its arcuate distal margin having four widely spaced spines on the left, and five nearer together on the left. The pleon is unusually small in comparison with the fore part of the animal. The female specimen, considerably smaller than the male has its pleon encased in an Epizoanthus colony.

Both specimens have bladder-like organisms attached to the bases of some of their appendages. These additions to the animal's economy seem to be unusual.

The specimens, No. 153, were obtained by Dr. Gilchrist, Buffalo River, N.W. W. 19 miles, from 549 m. depth.

The specific name is given out of respect to Prof. E. L. Bouvier, F.M.L.S.

GEN. ANAPAGURUS, Henderson.

1886. Anapagurus, Henderson, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc., Glasgow, p. 27.

1905. A., Alcock, Catal. Indian Decap. Crust., pt. 2, fasc. 1, pp. 121, 186.

ANAPAGURUS PUSILLUS, Henderson.

1888. Anapagurus pusillus, Henderson, Challenger Anomura, Reports, vol. xxvii., p. 73, pl. 7, fig. 7.

"Simon's Bay, 18 fathoms [33 m.]. A male specimen, in a shell of Trochus benzi, Krauss. It is with some hesitation that this is referred to the present species, and subsequent investigation may show it to be distinct. The chelipedes and ambulatory limbs are more hairy, and the dactyli of the latter are ciliated and slightly longer on the right side; the hand of the right chelipede is more strongly granulated, and a distinct finely tubercular line is present near the outer border. In other respects it agrees with Anapagurus pusillus."

GEN. PYLOPAGURUS, A. Milne-Edwards and Bouvier. 1891. Pylopagurus, A. M.-Edw. and Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Philom., Paris, Ser. 8, vol. iii., p. 108.

1905. P., Alcock, Catal. Indian Decap. Crust., pt. 2, fasc. 1, p. 189.

PYLOPAGURUS UNGULATUS (Studer).

1883. Eupagurus ungulatus, Studer, Abhandl. k. Ak. Wiss. Berlin, 1882, p. 26, pl. 2, figs. 13, a, b, c.

"One specimen was found at the entrance to Table Bay, Cape of Good Hope, in 50 fathoms [94 m.] depth. The animal occupies the shell of a Fusus; this is so completely invested by a red Eschara, that about the mouth of the mollusc only a little oval opening is left, which can be completely closed by the seal-like hand of the crustacean's right cheliped.”

1893. Pylopagurus u., A. M.-Edw. and Bouvier, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zoöl., Harvard, vol. xiv., No. 3, p. 80, pl. 6, figs. 15–18. The authors, however, point out several features in which their species from the Yucatan Bank differs from Studer's South African specimen.

FAMILY CENOBITIDÆ.

1888. Cœnobitida, Henderson, Challenger Anomura, Reports, vol. xxvii., p. 49.

Dana, Stimpson, and Haswell use the form Cenobitida, which, as will be presently explained, is incorrect.

1905. C., Alcock, Catal. Indian Decap. Crust., pt. 2, fasc. 1, pp. 138,

192.

GEN. CENOBITA, Latreille.

1829. Cœnobita, Latreille, Règne Animal, vol. iv., p. 77.

Already in 1825 Latreille, Familles naturelles du Règne Animal, p. 276, defined this genus, and on p. 277 gave its name in French as Cénobite, but he did not supply the scientific version of that name, Cœnobita, till 1829. Subsequently Milne-Edwards, Dana, and others used the form Cenobita, which is a mongrel between Latreille's French and Latin denominations.