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the anterior pair, but no trace of any spine behind the right-hand member.

The third maxillipeds have the characteristic short exopod, without flagellum. The pleon segments have no interrupted furrows. The free lateral portions of the first four segments are denticulate above, and each forms a strong backward curving apical tooth. The fifth peræopods have the chela-forming processes on the distal end of the sixth joint and base of the finger, which are characteristic of the female.

The length of the specimen is 210 mm. from the front to the end of telson. It is supposed to have come from the Agulhas Bank.

PANULIRUS BÜRGERI (de Haan).

1841. Palinurus bürgeri, de Haan, Crust. Japon., decas quinta, pp. 157, 159, 238, pls. 43 and 44, fig. 1.

1866. Palinurus burgeri, Heller, Novara-Reise Crust., p. 95. 1891. Senex bürgeri, Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb., vol. vi., p. 32. 1892. Palinurus burgeri, de Man, in Weber's Zool. Ergebn. Niederl. Ost-Indien, vol. ii., p. 354.

1897. Panulirus bürgeri, Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb., vol. x., p. 268. 1905. Panulirus bürgeri, Bouvier, Bull. Mus. Océanogr. Monaco,

No. 29, p. 4.

The modified vowel in bürgeri is used on de Haan's plate, which is perhaps earlier than the text, and is also found in the index, though in the text itself of the description the form is burgeri. Dr. de Man calls attention to the circumstance that Heller (loc. cit.) and Alphonse Milne-Edwards (Nouv. Arch. Mus., vol. iv., p. 89) describe the transverse furrows on the pleon segments of this species as interrupted in the middle, which according to de Haan is not the case, although in the specimen from Makassar de Man found some interruption on the second and third segments and an indication of it on the fourth segment. One of the marks which de Haan uses for distinguishing this species from P. dasypus, Latreille, is the character that in the latter the furrows are interrupted, while in P. bürgeri they are continuous. Heller uses the same distinction, but evidently by a slip of the pen has transposed the characters.

The South African specimen of this rare and beautiful species shows, I think, all the requisite characters for its identification. The third maxillipeds are without exopod. The exopod of the second maxillipeds is without any distinguishable flagellum. The second and third joints of these maxillipeds are so closely united that the place of origin of the exopod is only with difficulty made out, and its appear

ance is very different from the corresponding appendage in P. regius (Brito Capello) as figured by Dr. Nobili in the Mem. Soc. Española, vol. i., pl. 8, fig. 1a, 1906. The epistome agrees with de Haan's account in having three spines, with no intermediate spinules.

The plate of the first antennæ is armed with four large spaced spines, within which are two that are much smaller. Four of these intermediates are mentioned by de Haan, but only two are shown in his figure. Both within and without the square there are some insignificant spicules. The ornamentation of the carapace and pleon agrees remarkably well with de Haan's description and figure. The transverse furrows on the pleon are continuous and straight, except the one on the sixth segment, which is lobed as in the figure. The first antennæ are 155 mm. long. The carapace in the middle. line measures 52 mm., and the pleon 105 mm.

Locality. Fishing ground, Algoa Bay. One specimen, a male. After the account of the specimen in spirit sent by Dr. Gilchrist had long been written, a specimen from Port Elizabeth was forwarded to me by Mr. FitzSimons. This example is considerably larger, the carapace in the middle line measuring 67 mm. Being dry, it had suffered considerably in transit. The appendages are so brittle that they seem ready to break in pieces at a look, unless it is a cautiously respectful one. From a comparison, however, of the two specimens, I should now say that the exopod of the second maxillipeds appears to have a short second joint in line with the long first one. In the dry specimen the marginal spaces between the three teeth of the epistome are denticulate, and in the other specimen a little denticle can be felt rather than seen in each space. On the plate of the first antennæ the dry specimen has between its four large spines five little ones. In general its ornamentation is like that of the other example, and the sex is the same.

TRIBE CARIDEA.

In regard to the species described and figured in part 3, p. 107, pl. 24B, of this series, it is desirable here to notice that, as Mr. Stanley W. Kemp has shown, in "Fisheries, Ireland Sci. Invest., 1905, I. [1906]," the name Acanthephyra batei was preoccupied, and further that the form is probably to be regarded only as one of the many varieties or synonyms of Acanthephyra purpurea, A. MilneEdwards. Nobili, Bull. Sci. France-Belgique, vol. xl., extr. p. 22, 1906, suggests that the species referred in pt. 3, p. 87, to Sergestes bisulcatus, Wood-Mason, belongs rather to S. prehensilis, Bate.

FAMILY GLYPHOCRANGONIDE.

1882. Rhachocarina, S. I. Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoöl., vol. x., p. 41.

1884. Glyphocrangonida, S. I. Smith, Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm. for 1882, p. 364.

1888. Nikide (part), Bate, Challenger Macrura, Reports, vol. xxiv., p. 503.

1898. Processide (part), Ortmann, in Bronn's Thierreich, vol. v., pt. 2, p. 1124.

1901. Glyphocrangonide, Alcock, Catal. Indian Deep-Sea Macrura, p. 124.

Alcock divides the family into two groups, assigning to Glyphocrangon the species which have the eyes large and deeply pigmented (purple in spirit), and which have eleven branchiæ on either side, and to a sub-genus Plastocrangon those in which the eyes are small and unpigmented (pale yellow in spirit), and which have only nine branchia on either side, there being no arthrobranchiæ pertaining to the first and second peræopods.

GEN. GLYPHOCRANGON, A. Milne-Edwards.

1881. Glyphocrangon, A. M.-Edwards, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., Ser. 6, vol. xi., p. 3.

1882. Rhachocaris, S. I. Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoöl, vol. x., p. 41.

1884. Glyphocrangon, S. I. Smith, Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm. for 1882,

p. 364.

1888. Glyphocrangon, Bate, Challenger Macrura, Reports, vol. xxiv., p. 503.

1895. Glyphocrangon, Faxon, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zoöl, vol. xviii., p. 137. 1901. Glyphocrangon, Alcock, Catal. Indian Deep-Sea Macrura, p. 125.

The establishment of Rhachocaris as a separate genus was due to errors in the original account of Glyphocrangon. According to Bate there are six pleuro-branchia, belonging respectively to the third maxillipeds, and each of the five peræopods, and four arthro-branchiæ, belonging to the third maxillipeds and each of the first three peræopods. Professor Smith, on the other hand, affirms that there are only five pleuro-branchiæ, one for each of the five peræopods, and six arthro-branchiæ, two on the third maxillipeds and one on each of

the first four peræopods, the first and second maxillipeds having each an epipod. With this branchial formula Alcock's account agrees, except as to the species referred to his sub-genus Plastocrangon. It may be noticed that in the original description of G. longirostris (Smith), from a specimen 54 mm. long, the eyes, with a diameter about one-fifth the length of the rostrum, were (in spirit) devoid of coloured pigment, thus making an approach to Plastocrangon, but in larger specimens subsequently described the eyes (in spirit) were dark purplish brown, and nearly a third of the rostrum's length in diameter. If the branchial formula which Bate has recorded should prove to be correct for the species which he describes, or for any of them, it is obvious that such species would form a division apart both from Glyphocrangon and Plastocrangon.

GLYPHOCRANGON SCULPTUS (Smith).

1882. Rhachocaris sculpta, S. I. Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoöl. Harvard, vol. x., p. 49, pl. 5, fig. 3, pl. 6, figs. 3, 3a-d. 1884. Glyphocrangon sculptus, Smith, Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm. for 1882, p. 365.

1886. Glyphocrangon sculptus, Smith, Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm. for 1885, p. 655 (51), pl. 8, fig. 3, pl. 9, figs. 1, 2.

The South African specimens which I assign to this species have a character which, if not peculiar to it, is certainly uncommon. The side-plate of the fifth pleon segment is distally tripartite, having (as Smith notes) three acute points instead of the usual two.

The rostrum is apically strongly upcurved, with a pair of teeth in front of the eyes and another pair just behind them. The four principal dorsal carina of the carapace are formed by rows of tooth-like tubercles. The large antero-lateral tooth is followed by two teeth, successively much smaller, constituting a carina which reaches the cervical sulcus; the continuation of this carina behind the sulcus is feebly undulating. The median carina of the pleon is rather variable on the sixth segment, the proximal division varying between two acute points and two that are more or less blunt.

The eyes in the preserved specimens are not dark purple but deep orange. In the second antennæ the small tooth of the scale is about at the middle of the outer margin. There are nine stout spines, besides some that are slighter, on the middle lobe of the first maxilla. On the terminal joint of the second maxillipeds there are six stout spines and a great many slender ones.

The first peræopods have the third joint produced into a tooth.

The second peræopod on the left side has the fifth joint (the carpus) divided into twenty compartments. That on the right side also appears to agree with Professor Smith's reckoning, according to which it should have twenty-three compartments. The fingers of the fourth and fifth peræopods are cleft, but the divisions seem to be of equal length and closely contiguous.

The branchiæ agree with the formula given by Smith and Alcock for Glyphocrangon.

The specimen specially examined for this description measured 75 mm. in length. It contained the Bopyrid Bathygyge grandis, Hansen, on the right side of the carapace. Another specimen was of just the same length. A third was 77.5 mm. long. A fourth was smaller than the other three. These four were dredged at the same station, Cape Point N.E. by E. E. 40 miles; depth 800-900 fathoms; bottom, green mud. A specimen 88 mm. long was obtained at about 800 fathoms depth, Cape Point N. 70° E. 40 miles. At each of two other stations, but at the same locality and depth as the station first mentioned, a single specimen was obtained, each measuring 75 mm. in length.

GLYPHOCRANGON LONGIROSTRIS (Smith).

1882. Rhachocaris longirostris, S. I. Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoöl. Harvard, vol. x., p. 51, pl. 5, fig. 1, pl. 6, fig. 1.

1884. Glyphocrangon longirostris, Smith, Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm. for 1882, p. 365.

1886. Glyphocrangon longirostris, Smith, Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm. for 1885, p. 655 (51), pl. 8, figs. 1, 2, pl. 9, figs. 3, 4, 5.

Eyes long retaining a purple hue. Between this and the preceding species there are two tolerably clear distinguishing features. Behind the large antennal and antero-lateral spines, the carina ends in a single anterior tooth, the after part having no further dentation. The side-plate of the fifth pleon segment has its lower margin cut only into two teeth, not three. What may be the true systematic value of these two characters remains somewhat uncertain. In his later account of the species Professor Smith says, when speaking of the teeth or spines on the lower margin of the pleon segments, "there is usually no posterior spine on the fifth." As apparently he had only four specimens in all, it may be surmised that one out of the four had a posterior or third tooth on the fifth pleon segment. The proximal division of the median carina of

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