Speech of fir Hercules Langrifhe, 508 ibid. ibid. Mr. Burke's Speech on the Motion made for Papers relative to the Directors for charging the Nabob of Arcot's private Debts to Europeans on the Revenues of the Carnatic, Cruden's Address to the Loyal Part of the British Empire, 309 Some Obfervations on the Militia, The Oriental Chronicles of the Times, The Claims of the British Seamen to a more equal Distribution History of the Westminster Election, A Fragınent of the History of John Bull, esq. Blizard's Desultory Reflections on Police, Dr. S. Johnson's Prayers and Meditations, Jones's Considerations on the Nature and Oeconomy of Beasts A Dissertation or Discourse on Suicide, Oracle concerning Babylon, and the Song of Exultation, ibid! Booker's Poems, ibid. ibid. ibid. ibid, Robinson's Jeffy, or the Forced Vow, The Demoniad, or Pests of the Day, The Loufiad, an heroic-comic Poem, Whitchurch's Monody to the Memory of Ad. Hyde Parker; 316 The Muse of Britain, a Dramatic Ode, History of the Hon. Edward Mortimer, Maria; or, the Obsequies of an unfaithful Wife, Memoirs and Adventures of a Flea, Dent's Force of Love, a Novel, G. A. Stevens's Lecture on Heads, with Additions by Mr. Pilon, ib. Lunardi's Account of his 2d Acrial Voyage, from Liverpool, 3.99 Southern's Treatise on Aerostaric Machines, Poole's Treatise on Strong Beer, An earnest and affectionate Address to Farmers in relation to the Letter to a female Friend, by Mrs. Sage, the first English fe Mrs. Upton's Miscellancous Pieces, in Prose and Versey. ibid. ibid. Sparrman's Sparrman's Voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, 321, 413 Dr. Pew's Medical Sketches. Part I. Relhan's Flora Cantabrigienfis, Fléchere's La Grace & la Nature, Poëme, 334 Boswell's Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with S. Johnson, Scott's (John) Critical Essays on some of the Poems of several Drinkwater's History of the late Siege of Gibraltar, Sulivan's Analysis of the Political History of India, ad Edit. 361 Tour through Parts of England, Scotland, and Wales, 2d Edit. 368 The New Annual Register, for 1784, Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica, No. XXI.-XXV. 374 Dissertations on the internal Evidences of Christianity, Tenth Chapter of the Acts of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, ib. Gibbons's Reply to Sir Lucius O'Brien, Bart. A Retrospective View of the increasing Number of the stand- Jenkinson's (Right Hon. Charles) Collection of all the Treaties of Peace, &c. between Great Britain and other Powers, 390 Hanway's Neglect of the effectual Separation of Prisoners, &c. the Cause of the frequent Thefts, &c. Brown's Restitution of all Things, ibid. Scott's (Tho.) Discourse upon Repentance, Holcroft's Choleric Fathers, a Comic Opera, Mrs. Inch bald's Appearance is against them, Adventures of George Maitland, esq. Mrs. Cartwright's Duped Guardian, Dr. Johnson's Life of Dr. Watts, Sketch of the Life of Pope Clement XIV, Memoirs of George Anne Bellamy, Heroic Epistle to Major Scott, Reflections an the Study of Nature, Remarks on the extraordinary Conduct of the Knight of the Wedgwood's Letter to a Proprietor of the Navigation from the Mac Intosh's Collection of Gaelic Proverbs, Du Mitand's New French Spelling-book, Letters between an illustrious Personage and a Lady of Honour, ib. London unmasked ; or, the New Town Spy, Lawrie's History of the Wars in Scotland, Omai's Letter to the Earl of ***, Annotations on the Trial of Mrs. H. Errington, for Adultery, ib. 401 Heron's Letters of Literature, Thoughts on the Properties and Formation of Air, Medical Transactions, Vol. III. Answer to Ramsay's Efsays on the Treatment and Converlion Cursory Remarks on Ramsay's Essays, &c. Ramsay's Reply to the personal Invectives and Objections in the Ramsay's Inquiry into the Effects of putting a Stop to the Afri- Dr. Chauncy's Five Differtations on the Scripture Account of Redpath's Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy, Probationary Odes for the Laureatship, Criticisms on the Rolliad, Part I. Observations on Antimonial Preparations, Dr. Wallis's Translation of Sauvages's Nosologia Methodica Dr. Falconer's Edition of Dobson's Medical Commentary on Dr. Corp's Effay on the Jaundice, Dr. Pearson's Directions for impregnating the Buxton Waters 468 ibid. ibid, Translation of Fletcher's Ode on the Peace of 1783, 469 The Etymologist, a Comedy of Three Acts, .470 Cumberland's Character of the late Lord Visc. Sackville, ibid. Remarks on Boswell's Journal on a Tour to the Hebrides, 473 Mac Packe's Oixidic, or Nutshells, ibid, Guide through London, Westminster, Southwark, &c. .476 Hutton's Journey from Birmingham to London, Proposals for establishing, at Sea, a Marine School, 478 Mavor's Universal Stenography, A General Dictionary of the English Language, Baron Munchausen's Narrative of his Travels and Campaigns in CRITICAL REVIEW For JUL Y, 1785. 1 Philosophical Rhapsodies. Fragments of Akbur of Beilis. Con taining Reflections on the Laws, Manners, Cuftoms and Religions, of certain Afiatic, Afric, and European Nations. Cola lected and now fir published. By Richard Joseph Sulivan, Esq. In three Volumes. 8vo. 155. in Boards. Becket. "T HE following fragments were written by a native of Affyria, who, in very early youth, was removed to the continent of Europe, and thence to England. During his refidence in England with a friend of his father's, he became inAtructed in its language, and in the principles of its religion. He then travelled; and in various countries threw together the reflections which appear in the following sheets.'' This is the account of the editor, and we ought not to diftrust it; but whether Akbur really existed, or some European author has indulged his fancy, and wandered in idea under this guise, is of little consequence: the work itself is our object, and merits our recommendation. The author is, a candid and intelligent traveller, a friend of his fellow-creatures, and a zealous advocate for the offices of humanity. He travels, not to describe buildings, prospects, or the the various ornaments of differing fancy; but to examine the manners and customs, 10 delineaie the human heart, and to see it under.different disguises, but ftill poffefing the same generous propensities, the same yirtues, and the same weaknesses. His mind is en lightened, and his sentiments liberal : indeed his liberality -fometimes degenerates a little into scepticism; but we find nothing to reprehend, for we discover it only by the terrors which he seems to feel when on holy ground, and the restraint frequently viâble when his enquiries have brought him to the verge of the fanctuary. His language is clear, simple, and unornamented ; and, in general, we think these Philosophical Rbaprodies, unconnected in form, rather than in substance, furnish a pleasing and rational entertainment. VOL. LX. July, 1785. B This This mental travelling, this review of the minds and manners, is highly useful. It divests us of that unsocial pride, which raises our own imaginary rank; for virtues and vices are nearly the same in all countries; benevolence is always amiable, and a narrow selfishness despicable, from the hovels of the Hottentot to the caverns of Lapland. It expands the mind, since it shows that happiness and misery are more equally diffused than we should suspect, from a first and transient view; and it teaches us to respect the errors of others, when they are found not to be more gross and numerous than our own. The first question, which neceffarily occurs to the mental traveller, is the origin of the different nations, and the varieties of the human race. These questions are involved with cach other ; for, if the whole world did not proceed from one pair, no origin is necessary, or at leall none can be determined. This is a subject which has not yet been decided, and the road to investigation is fhut up, till some liberal theologian hall clearly show, that the Mosaic account of the creation is not to be understood in a literal or an universal sense. The first men for piety and learning, whom we have conversed with, have agreed that it is not so; and indeed, the account of the early ages seems to have been chiefly designed to preserve the Jewish genealogies. It is difficult to find one precept, either of morality or religion, except the punishment inflicted on the murderer, necessary to the conduct of our lives, not to add, that the whole is related in the uncertain mode of tradition. We chiefly mean to refer to the ages before the flood; and should not have hazarded this opinion, if we had not known that it was supported by the best authorities. Our author dwells chiefly on the different races of men, and on those tribes, in appearance, most remote from them, viz. the white men on the isthmus of Darien, and the Albinoes of Africa. But, in fact, there are no two species of the fame genus, in the whole range of animated nature, more distinct than the wooly-headed African, and the copper-coloured American. To talk of the effects of climate is absurd : it may infuence the height, the strength, and from thence the manners; but it would never enlarge the lip, flatten the nose, or bend the knees. Besides, we know of no effect of climate beyond what may be produced by the degree and duration of heat and cold, by the effe&ts of moisture more or less combined with them. Yet in America there are parts as swampy as the banks of the Gambia, and deferts aš dry and torrid as those of Ethiopia. Akbur does not decide; but he acts a little un fairly; A |