see of Rouen, and, according to Ordericus Vitalis, the papacy itself, “indubitatum tenens quod simul ire non possent monachi ocium et Archipræsulis negocium," when he was solicited by Ermenfrid the Legate, on his return from England, to accept the Archbishopric of Canterbury. His appointment was any thing but regular, according to what was subsequently pronounced canonical; but he was certainly acceptable to the court of Rome. It is recorded that the Pope (Alexander) rose to receive him, on his going to Rome for his pall, in compliment to his pre-eminent abilities; a pre-eminence to which the succeeding Pontiff, even the imperious Hildebrand, was compelled to bow; when, after pretending to have received from the Virgin herself the revelation, that, “nihil de sacrificio Christi cogitandum, nihil esse tenendum, nisi quod tenerent authenticæ scripturæ, contra quas Berengarius nihil habebat," he finally pronounced for the opposite opinion of Lanfranc, and confirmed the decision of the council of Vercelli, in that of Rome, in the year 1079. Indeed, since William had resolved to remodel the Church, it was fortunate that the cultivation of Lanfranc had rendered the Duchy of Normandy a seed plot from which, at any rate, a regularly educated clergy were at hand to transplant into the vacant sees and monasteries of his newly acquired kingdom, and that the patriarchal chair was destined not only to one of the greatest characters of his age, but, in truth, to one of the most amiable. The contest relative to the primacy had broken out, and been to all appearance decided by William, before the Prelates embarked for Rome; but, it should seem, the irritation which had not subsided in the breast of Thomas, Archbishop of York, was aggravated by the distinction which was there shewn to Lanfranc; and, in an unfortunate hour, he and Remigius, Bishop of Lincoln, who had accompanied them, revived the discussion in the presence of the Pontiff. Alexander deferred the points in dispute to the King and Parliament, by whom it was subsequently decided that the province of Canterbury extended to the Humber, and that of York to the furthest limits of Scotland, and that the Archbishops of York were subject to those of Canterbury; but, as if to chastise the complainants, he alleged the irregularity of their appointments at the mere pleasure of the King, and, demanding his pastoral staff from each of them, restored them only at the solicitation of Lanfranc. Added to his estimation at Rome, his influence over William was almost unbounded. The Conqueror had early assigned the county of Kent to his uterine brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, who seems, in the lawless state to which the country was reduced, to have grasped at every thing within his reach; an example which other Norman adventurers had not been slow to imitate. Lanfranc, and equally Ernest, "Hoc magistro primitus Normanni literatoriam artem perscrutați sunt, et de scholâ Beccensi eloquentes in divinis et secularibus sophistæ processe runt. Nam antea sub tempore sex Ducum Neustria vis ullus Normannorum liberalibus studiis adhæsit; nec. Doctor invenicbatur, donec provisor onnium Deus Normannicis oris Lanfrancum appulit." Ordericus Vitalis. Bishop of Rochester, and Scolland, Abbot of St. Augustine's, found their houses impoverished and their lands invaded: nor was Odo contented that his spoil should be wrested from him. The Primate, however, appealed to the King, who appointed the Bishop of Coutances * to preside at a solemn hearing of the cause before the whole county, as well natives as Normans, and, establishing the claims of his church, recovered no less than twenty-five manors from his powerful adversaries.' Such, indeed, was the respect of William for the Primate, that he confided the government of the kingdom to his hands whenever he was called over to Normandy: a confidence which was by no means misplaced; for though, after he had gained his point with the Archbishop of York, he is said to have ruled others by a nod, his character is unimpeached with the abuse of power. He seems to have been, at all times, easy of access, and forward to redress the wrongs or to relieve the wants of all who appealed to him. There is something in the tone with which Ingulphus speaks of him that demands respect. "Pater meus, et semper mihi dulcissimus patronus, Dominus meus Archiepiscopus Dorob. Lanfrancus, qui post obitum Domini mei Regis solus mihi relictus est, et in omnibus meis necessitatibus amicus infatigabilis, Iet adjutor in tribulationibus indefessus.". Indeed that historian, who was led to appeal to him against the wrongs which his abbey of Croyland suffered from the violence of Ivo Tailboys, bears testimony both to his courtesy and his attention to business. Lanfranc appointed him to meet him in London, and recommended him to select one strong proof of the rights of his abbey, rather than to injure his cause by a multiplicity of evidences. Ingulphus consequently attended at the time appointed, with a chirograph of Earl Algar†, in Saxon, much defaced; which, having previously examined it with the aid of his council, the Primate laid before the King, and procured his warrant to the sheriff of Lincolnshire to investigate the claim. Nor do his kind offices appear to have been denied to the unfortunate English. His interposition in favour of Wulstan, who was deservedly one of the most popular of the Anglo-Saxon prelates, developes him, indeed, in the character of a miracle-monger, which, with every fair allowance for the darkness of the * Geoffroy de Montbray, Bishop of Coutances in Normandy, and not of Constance, as our historians, even down to Mr. Sharon Turner, erroneously call him, was in high favour with the Conqueror, by whose grant he held no less than two hundred and eighty manors in England. He signs himself, in 1072, "Unus de primatibus Anglorum," and, at the accession of Rufus, "regebat consulatum Northymbrorum;" in which earldom he was succeeded by his nephew Robert de Moubray. He does not seem to have concerned himself much with his episcopal functions after his settlement in England. Indeed he, and Odo, who only returned to his bishopric when chased from his earldom, exhibited a devotion to secular pursuits, greater even than that which the monks have reprobated in the Anglo-Saxon Hierarchy. Algar was the father of Edwin and Morcar, and of Lucia, whom the Conqueror had given in marriage to Ivo with the estates of those powerful earls. It is by no means the only instance; but nothing less than the belief of its being a religious duty, which is enforced by the Romish Church, could fortify a man with patience to peruse all the legends of Romish miracles. Will it be times, and the admission of pious frauds in the practice of his commii? nion, we can hardly reconcile to his reputation for wisdom and goodness; but it nevertheless evinces that his exertions were not confined to his own countrymen and his own party. Indeed, he has the repute of having interceded with the Conqueror for the life of Waltheof, the last of the Anglo-Saxon earls, déclaring that he had heard from him in confession the part which he had in the counsels of the insurgents, and that, if he were condemned on that account, he would be to be regarded as a martyr: and though he pronounced the deposition of Wlfketul for proclaiming Waltheof as such to the people, he subsequently became a petitioner to William in his favour *. If Lanfranc appears in a character adverse to that of a peace-maker, it was manifestly forced upon him by his public duties. It was not without considerable tumult and opposition that he carried into execution the constitutions of the council of Winchester, passed, in observance of the directions of Hildebrand, against the married clergy. It is true they were not extended, in the first instance, to the parochial clergy or chaplains, who, being permitted to retain their wives, were only forbid den to contract marriages from thenceforward; but the inferior order in the monasteries, who did not enter into the master policy of their church, clung with natural pertinacity to the connexions they had formed, and resisted the enforcement of rules to which they were not previously pledged by vows, nor, still less, bound by the letter of Scrips ture. The spirit of the people was too much crushed by the Norman Conquest to afford many instances of that resistance which broke out in Normandy, where the Archbishop of Rouen was pelted out of the cathedral when he attempted to pronounce an excommunication against the wives of his clergy: but, among other manifestations of a refrac tory spirit, the monks of St. Augustine's actually attempted the life of their abbot, one of those ". quorum studio et rigore, Monachatus (qui jam aliquantulum tepuerat) revixit; et qui defecisse videbatur, ad pris tinum robur surrexit." Lanfranc had backed the authority of the Abbot with chains and scourges, but it was not until after his death that the citizens who had taken part with the monks suffered the punishment of having their eyes put out. believed that, where that Church retains the power, such is the course of reading it dictates? * Wlfketul was transferred, on his deposition from the abbacy of Croyland, to Glastonbury, then under the government of Thurston, the most violent of the churchmen imported from Normandy. Being afterwards allowed to return ́and reside at Peterborough, he was a frequent visitor at the abbey over which he had formerly presided, where he was received with every mark of respect; Ingulphus, his successor, conducting him to his former stall: "nec, ipso superstite, me plenum sponsum, sed semper paranymphum, vel procuratorem monasterii reputavi," says that historian. STATE OF THE DIOCESES IN ENGLAND AND WALES, FROM OCTOBER TO DECEMBER INCLUSIVE. CANTERBURY. MARRIED. At East Grinstead, Sussex, the Rev. J. Stratton, M. A. Minor Canon of Canterbury Cathedral, and Vicar of Halston, Kent, to Susannah, youngest daughter of the late Mr. W. Head, of East Grinstead. DECEASED. Suddenly, in Northamptonshire, in the 88th year of his age, the Rev. Giles Powell, B.A. 40 years Rector of Acrise, Kent. In London, the Rev. Arthur Crichton, of Badlesmere, Kent. YORK. PREFERRED. The Rev. William Clarke, M.A. Professor of Anatomy, and Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, to the valuable Rectory of Guisley, Yorkshire; Patrons, the Master and Fellows of that Society. The Rev. J.-W. Butler, to the Rectory of St. Nicholas, Nottingham. The Rev. Robert Jefferson, D.D. Senior Fellow of Sidney College, Cambridge, to the Rectory of South Kilvington, Yorkshire; Patrons, the Master and Fellows of that Society. The Rev. T. Kilby, Minister of Alver thorpe, Yorkshire, to the Perpetual-Curacy of St. John's Church, Wakefield; Patron, the Rev. S. Sharpe, M.A. The Rev. James Saumarez, M.A, of Christ Church, Oxford, to the Rectory of Huggate, in the East Riding of York; Patron, the King. MARRIED. The Rev. J. D. Hurst, B.A. of Penistone, near Wakefield, to Louisa, only child of Henry Laughton, Esq. of Newton Blossomville, Bucks. On Monday, the 26th of September, at Gretna, the Rev. T. Cator, to Louisa Frances Lumley, second daughter of the Hon. and Rev. John Lumley Savile; and on Wednesday re-married at Womersley, in the county of York. The Rev. Joseph Jameson, Precentor of the Collegiate Church of Ripon, to Ann, second daughter of the late Rev. T. Schaake. At Halifax, Yorkshire, the Rev. Thomas Burton, M.A. Incumbent of Rastrick, to Mrs. Wheatley, niece of the late Henry Yarburgh, Esq. of Heslington Hall, near York. The Rev. W. Andrew, of Wighill, near Tadcaster, to Elizabeth Hester, only daughter of P. Hardcastle, Esq. solicitor, late of Wakefield. DECEASED. At Selby, the Rev. J. Turner, Minister of Barlow. The Rev. H. Kelly, Vicar of Bishop Burton, Yorkshire. The Rev. George Holt, Rector of Broughton, as also of Wellow, near Ollerton, and of Staunton, near Newark, all in Nottinghamshire. On Wednesday, November 30th, at Settle, Yorkshire, the Rev. Thomas Carr, M.A. one of the Seniors of Trinity College, Cambridge, B.A. 1797, M.A. 1800. LONDON. PREFERRED. The Rev. Henry Handley Norris, M.A. Prebendary of Llandaff, to the Prebend of Holborn, in the Cathedral Church of St. Paul; Patron, the Bishop of London. The Rev. William Greenhill, B.D. Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford, to the Rectory of Farnham, Essex; Patrons, the President and Fellows of that Society. MARRIED. The Rev. Benjamin E. Nicholls, B.A., of Walthamstow, to Miss Amelia Poynder, of Kennington. At East Thorndon, Essex, the Rev. William Bond, of Little Warley, to Letitia, second daughter of the late Rev. J. Birch, Rector of Corringham, in the said county. At St. John's Sepulchre, by the Rev. Dr. Hurlock, Prebendary of Salisbury, the Rev. Dacre Barrett Lennard, son of Sir Thomas Barrett Lennard, Bart. of Belhus, in the county of Essex, to Rachael Anna, eldest daughter of Jeremiah Ines, Esq. of St. Catherine's Hill. At St. James's Church, Clerkenwell, the Rev. Samuel Whitehorne Barnett, B.A. to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of James Lane, Esq. of Pentonville. At Hornsey Church, the Rev. W. Presgrave, M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge, to Sarah Isabella Whiteley, of Highgate, daughter of the late Rev. Joseph Whiteley, of Leeds. The Rev. Thomas Schreiber, M.A. Rector of Bradwell, Essex, to Sarah, third daughter of Rear-Admiral Bingham, Commander-in-Chief of his Majesty's ships in the East Indies. At. St. George's, Bloomsbury, Richard Bethell, Esq. M.A. Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford, a Vinerian Fellow, and Barrister-at-law of the Middle Temple, to Ellinor Mary, daughter of Robert Abraham, Esq. of Keppel Street, Russell Square. At Steeple Bumstead, Essex, the Rev. William Taylor Wild, of Newark-uponTrent, to Harriet, only daughter of the Rev. H. Stuart, Vicar of the former place, and Rector of East Donyland. At All Souls District Church, Mary-lebone, by the Rev. George Townsend, M.A. Prebendary of Durham, the Rev. W. S. Gilly, M.A. Rector of North Fambridge, Essex, to Miss Colberg, daughter of Major Colberg. In London, the Rev. G. Stringer, fourth son of the Rev. John Bull, Rector of Tattingstone, near Ipswich, and Pentlow, Essex, to Mary Frances, second and youngest daughter of the late John Coulson, Esq. of Hull. DECEASED. At Chipping Barnet, Herts, aged 57, the Rev. William Marr, B.D. 25 years Curate of that parish. At Rettendon Parsonage, aged 45, the Rev. Thomas Holmes, B.D. Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, and twentyone years Curate of Rettendon, Essex. At Hammersmith, after a short illness, the Rev. T. B. Browne, late of Buntingford, in the 44th year of his age. In Dover Street, Piccadilly, September 29th, in the 67th year of his age, the Rev. John Anthony Perny, D.D. of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, Domestic Chaplain to the Earl of Coventry, Rector of Hill Crome, Worcestershire, and Perpetual Curate of Oxendon, Gloucestershire. In his 65th year, at the Rectory House, Greensted, near Ongar, Essex, the Rev. William Hamilton Warren, M.A. and formerly Student of Christ Church, Oxford, thirty-one years Rector of Greensted, and thirty-eight years Vicar of Great Budworth, Cheshire. The Vicarage of Great Budworth is in the gift of the Dean and Chapter of Christ Church. He took the degree of M.A. in 1784. DURHAM.· MARRIED. The Rev. William Lonsdale, B.A. second son of C. Lonsdale, Esq. of Arlaw Banks, Durham, to Jane, eldest daughter of J. Power, Esq. of Buckingham Street, Adelphi, London. 7 |