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measures ought to be adopted to put an end to African slavery wherever its exists.

In the first place, there should be a total and immedi-ate cessation of the slave-trade. It is indeed already prohibited by law in all nations. Great Britain has denounced it as felony, and the United States, as piracy, the punishment of which is death. We have, however, to regret that it is still carried on, and that there are those whose sensibilities are sufficiently blunted to every feeling of humanity, to allow them to engage in such a nefarious traffic. It appears from the most respectable authority, that 200,000 blacks were carried as slaves from Africa in 1821, though at this time there was no nation that tolerated this commerce in the blood and souls of men, but the petty kingdom of Portugal. Efficient measures should be taken to put an end to this horrid evil immediately. How long shall this inhuman traffic, which the laws of all nations prohibit, which policy rejects, justice condemns, and piety recoils at, be continued!

Though the entire abolition of slavery is to be sought; yet it cannot be effected with safety at once. It can be done to the best advantage only by degrees. Still every justifiable attempt is to be made towards liberating those held in bondage. The best probable measures to be adopted in effecting this end, are to free from their birth, those who hereafter. shall be born of slave parents; to transport all who are manumitted to the land of their fathers, with a knowledge of the arts and sciences, and of our holy religion; and to grant manumissions as fast as prudence shall dictate. These plans for the abolition of slavery are already in some measure adopted. From a letter of Sir Alex. Johnstone, Chief Justice of Ceylon, to the late Dr. Samuel Worcester, it appears that all children born in that island of slave parents since the year 1816, are free.

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This measure he attributes to the introduction of Christianity. By a law of the Parliament of Great Britain, children born of slave parents, living within the jurisdic tion of Great Britain and her colonies, shall by birth be free. This measure was advocated by Mr. Wilberforce and others, known for their philanthropic labors. May the time soon arrive, when the same method shall be adopted for the ultimate abolition of slavery in our own country, and over the whole world. A Society, called "the African Institution," was formed in London, in 1807, by a number of gentlemen of the most respectable char

acter.

This society has done much for the enlargement of the Colony established at Sierra Leone, by Granville Sharpe, in 1787. Its population is now, (1833) about twenty thousand. Schools are established, and the arts and sciences are introduced among the inhabitants. Public worship is regularly maintained, and very generally observed by them. There are other societies established in England for the melioration of the condition of African slaves, such as the Anti-slavery Society, the Slave Conversion Society, the Negro Children Education Society, Ladies' Negro Slave Relief Society. The object of these Institutions is such as their name naturally imports. In 1816, a Colonization Society was formed in the United States. It is patronized by the leading civilians of our country, and the Christian community very extensively. This society has established a colony of free blacks in Africa, and called the place Liberia, that is, the land of freedom. The colony at the present time, (1833) contains about two thousand souls. Schools for the instruction of the blacks have been established. A newspaper is published at Monrovia, a place named after the late President Monroe, who was a patron of this Society. Three churches are organized, public worship is. main

tained, and Sabbath Schools are instituted and well attended. Much good to ill fated Africa is anticipated as the result of the formation of the Colonization Society. Other institutions exist for the benefit of the colored population of the United States. An Anti-Slavery Society in New England, has recently been formed and commenced its operations. Periodicals are established in various parts of the land, to enlighten the public mind, and arouse the conscience on this subject. Much good will be done in this way. The press should never cease to raise its voice like seven thunders in this cause of God and man, till slavery is swept from the face of the earth, and all men are free. Most awful and alarming is the consideration that, while so many efforts in this land are making for the melioration of the condition of the blacks, and the abolition of slavery, any thing should be done to perpetuate the thraldom and wretchedness of this unfortunate portion of our race. The introduction of new states into the Union, with the permission of holding slaves, is a reproachful blot upon the history of our country, which can never be effaced! Shall we, who boast of liberty, from the cradle to the grave, who glory in our civil and religious freedom; and who now hold in absolute servitude, two millions of our fellow creatures, by nature entitled to equal rights and privileges with ourselves, perform any act to entail this horrible work upon those that come after us. "Tell it not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Askelon, lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice; lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph." But to the honor of the New England States, and some others, be it told and remembered forever, that these disgraceful acts which open the way for the encouragement, enlargement, and perpetuation of slavery, were ably and perseveringly opposed by

their representatives most generally. The African slave trade and slavery, are enough to make heaven weep. Indiscribable the woes and horrors of those who are kidnapped, dragged from their native land, sold to the highest bidder, and detained in relentless servitude, expecting no release but by death, hoping for refuge only in that last sanctuary, "where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary are at rest."

African slavery at the present time is exciting great interest in the public mind throughout the Christian world. Not till the nineteenth century have mankind learned, that God hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and that they are by nature equal and free. We believe the day is not far distant when the enslaved children of Africa shall be emancipated:

. "When negroes shall be blest,

Rank'd e'en as men, and men's just rights enjoy,
Be neither sold, nor purchased, nor oppress'd,
No grief shall wither, and no stripes destroy."

Slavery must vanish before the blessed influences of the religion of Jesus Christ. The rights and wrongs of Africa will be felt and redressed. In this glorious cause of freedom the names of Clarkson and Wilberforce in England, Gregoire in France, Humboldt in Germany, Galitzen in Russia, Franklin, Benezett, Mills and others in our own country, will not be forgotten, while the memory loves to cherish the recollection of benevolent exertions in alleviating suffering humanity.-Blessed be God! oppressed and injured Africa is yet to see better and brighter days, for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it. Ethiopia shall soon be raised from her state of degeneracy, and stretch out her hands unto God. The galling chains of African The long degraded and cast

bondage shall be broken.

off descendants of Ham shall arise and attain to an elevation and dignity, which will do away the memory of their past disgrace, and give them a rank among the polished nations of Europe and America.* Africa will yet boast of her poets and orators. Eloquence will yet play on the tumid lips of her sons, and sable hands will strike the lyre and weave the silken web. On the Niger as on the Thames temples will arise to the living God, and perhaps the arid sands will find the curse of barrenness repealed by the same power that will turn Palestine into a fruitful field. Where once echoed the classic story, and song, where once breathed the benign spirit of Christianity, but where comparatively few gleams of gospel light have beamed since the spirit caught away Philip, and the Eunuch went on his way rejoicing; there shall be found, the great and the learned, the wise and the good. Those who by many are now regarded as being but little above the ourang outang shall ere long become qualified to minister at the holy altar, and to take distinguished parts in the halls of legislation, in the cabinet and in the enterprises of benevolence and improvement. Things shall be reversed, and the change has already commenced. The arts and sciences begin to flourish, civilization is making rapid progress, Christianity is introduced among them, and the frown of Omnipotence upon the Cushites is turning into a smile. These things augur well. The tears, woes, and blood, of the enslaved and oppressed will not plead in vain. This cause so humane, so imperative, so glorious, may Christendom advocate by her whole influence, till Africa's children shall embrace the faith and imbibe the spirit of the gospel of Christ. Then will the Spirit make thein free and they shall be free indeed.‡

* Appendix-J b.

† Appendix J.c.

$ Appendix J.

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