This is a very important feature, especially when the indicator is a long distance from the reducing motion. As ordinarily used, the drum spring in the indicator is called upon to operate the entire length of string on the return stroke. This is no easy task, as the string frequently passes over numerous pulleys which are not always of the finest make. The well-known pantograph is used to reduce the motion, and the writer is of the opinion that it is about the best thing in use, especially on large engines, where the speed of rotation is comparatively slow. In attaching the motion device, the stand A is placed in any convenient position on the floor and in front of the crosshead, about in the center of its travel, although this latter point makes no difference to the correct reduction of the motion. It will be noticed that the base of the stand A is made to project almost entirely on the outside of the upright. This makes it possible to place the column A close to a trap-door for the condenser, or to the foundation when it extends above the floor. The adjustable braces B are attached to a clamping collar C on the column A, and are provided at their lower ends with feet so arranged as always to present a perfect contact with the floor, without regard to the height at which the clamping collar C is placed on the column A. It will also be noticed that the braces B extend to one side of column A for the same reason as the foot, just described. The stationary end of the pantograph is held in position on the column A by another clamping collar D which is made with a hole suited to receive the pin. A clamp E is used on the crosshead to receive the bearing which carries the movable end of the pantograph. The 'nanner of making this connection will be governed largely by the construction of the engine crosshead. In many cases a hole is tapped and a stud screwed into it, which serves the same purpose as the one shown. Some features of this pantograph may be of interest. At the crosshead end, instead of a regular nut being placed on the pin, a small oil-cup F is used, the pin being drilled down and through to the bearing. This is thought to be a very good arrangement, and is especially desirable when used on engines that cannot stop to be oiled. The holes by which adjustment is provided to the pantograph are ordinarily tapped directly into the wood, making a constant source of annoyance, as the threads

are apt to get crossed and strip. This is entirely overcome by inlaying a strip of brass, into which the holes are tapped. The joint is illustrated by Fig. 133. This allows for taking up lost motion by filing off the bush, and also permits the bearing to be taken apart and oiled occasionally. The clamping collar G on the column A, has two arms HH, which carry the adjustable pulleys 1 and 2. These pulleys can be placed at a position on the arms HH, where the cord will be led from the motion pin 3 on pantograph in a line parallel with center line of engine. In mounting the endless cord we start at the motion pin 3, pass around the pulley 1 on the arm H, then to the outside of the upper pulley 4 at the front end of the low-pressure cylinder, to the upper pulley 5, at back end of the low-pressure cylinder, to the inside of the pulley 6 at the front end of the high-pressure cylinder, to the inside of the pulley 7 on the back end of the high-pressure cylinder; back across to the lower pulley 8 at the back end of the low-pressure cylin

Fig. 136.

der, to the similar pulley 9 at the front end of the same cylinder, then across to the pulley 2 on the arm H, and around to the motion pin 3 on the pantograph, thus making an endless connection, which is moved positively in both directions by the engine. The pulleys on the cylinders are supported by the pipes which hold the indicators. Their construction will be understood by referring to Figs. 134, 135, and 136. They are adjustable vertically and horizontally, and are held rigidly in position by the clamps 10 shown. The small pulleys 11 are adjustable universally, and serve the double purpose of receiving the cord from the indicator, from any position it may be found most convenient to place the instrument, and of causing the motion to be taken from the main endless cord parallel with its line of motion. This, of course, is necessary, to give correct results. The clamps 12 are shown enlarged in Fig. 137. They are provided with a small thumb-screw, and can be placed anywhere on the endless