Hypothesis and Perception: The Roots of Scientific Method

actual alleged already appears argument Aristotle arteries articulation asserts blood body calculated calx character circular classical mechanics coherent combustion conception conceptual scheme conclusion confirmation connexion Copernican Copernicus Darwin deductive system derived discovered discovery distance doctrine earth elements empirical Empiricism empiricist enumerative induction evidence experience explain facts Galileo Harvey heliocentric hypothesis implicit inductive inductive reasoning inference interpretation judgement justify Kepler knowledge Lavoisier laws light logical mathematical Metaphysics method Michelson-Morley experiment motion movement mutually nature Newton objects observed occurs Opticks orbit organization particles perceive perception phenomena Philosophy phlogiston phlogiston theory physical planet position possible precise principle probability problem of induction procedure progress propositions Ptolemy question reasoning refraction relation relative result revealed revolution rule schemata scientists sense sense-data sentience simply spatial species statement structure successive systematic tautologies theoretical theory of relativity thinking tion true truth valid whole