V. The Lord Jesus, by his perfect obedience and sacrifice of himself, which he, through the eternal Spirit, once offered up unto God, hath fully satisfied the justice of his Father; and purchased not only reconciliation, but an everlasting inheritance in the kingdom of heaven, for all those whom the Father hath given unto him.2

1 Rom. v. 19; Heb. ix. 14, 16; x. 14; Eph. v. 2; Rom. iii. 25, 26. * Dan. ix, 24, 26; Col. i. 19, 20; Eph. i. 11, 14; John xvii. 2; Heb. ix. 12, 15.

VI. Although the work of redemption was not actually wrought by Christ till after his incarnation, yet the virtue, efficacy, and benefits thereof, were commu- › nicated unto the elect in all ages successively from the beginning of the world, in and by those promises, types, and sacrifices, wherein he was revealed and signified to be the Seed of the woman, which should bruise the serpent's head, and the Lamb slain from the beginning of the world, being yesterday and to-day the same, and for ever.1

1 Gal. iv. 4,5; Gen. iii. 15; Rev. xiii. 8; Heb. xiii. 8.

VII. Christ, in the work of mediation, acteth according to both natures; by each nature doing that which is proper to itself: yet, by reason of the unity of the person, that which is proper to one nature is sometimes in Scripture attributed to the person denominated by the other nature.2

1 Heb. ix. 14. (See Section V. note 1, Scripture the Second.) 1 Pet, iii. 18. 2 Acts xx. 28; John iii. 13; 1 John iii. 16.

VIII. To all those for whom Christ hath purchased redemption, he doth certainly and effectually apply and communicate the same;1 making intercession for them;2

and revealing unto them, in and by the word, the mysteries of salvation; effectually persuading them by his Spirit to believe and obey; and governing their hearts by his word and Spirit; overcoming all their enemies by his almighty power and wisdom, in such manner and ways as are most consonant to his wonderful and unsearchable dispensation.5

1 John vi. 37, 39; John x. 15, 16. 21 John ii. 1, 2; Rom. viii. 34. 3 John xv. 13, 15; Eph. i. 7-9; John xvii. 6. 4 John xiv. 16; Heb. xii. 2; 2 Cor. iv. 13; Rom. viii. 9, 14; xv. 18, 19; John xvii. 17. 5 Psalm cx. 1; 1 Cor. xv. 25, 26; Mal, iv. 2, 3; Col. ii. 15.

CHAPTER IX.

OF FREE WILL.

GOD hath endued the will of man with that natural liberty, that it is neither forced, nor by any absolute necessity of nature determined, to good or evil.1

1 Matt. xvii. 12; James i. 14; Deut. xxx. 19.

II. Man, in his state of innocency, had freedom and power to will and to do that which is good and well pleasing to God; but yet mutably, so that he might fall from it.2

III. Man, by his fall into a state of sin, hath wholly lost all ability of will to any spiritual good accompanying salvation; so as a natural man, being altogether averse from that good,2 and dead in sin,3 is not able, by his own strength, to convert himself, or to prepare himself thereunto.*

ii. 13.

1 Rom. v. 6; viii. 7; John xv. 5. 2 Rom. iii. 10, 12. 3 Eph. ii. 1, 5; Col, John vi. 44, 65; Eph ii. 2-5; 1 Cor. ii. 14; Tit, iii. 3-5.

IV. When God converts a sinner, and translates him into the state of grace, he freeth him from his natural bondage under sin,1 and by his grace alone enables him freely to will and to do that which is spiritually good; yet so as that, by reason of his remaining corruption, he doth not perfectly nor only will that which is good, but doth also will that which is evil.3 2 Phil, ii. 13; Rom. vi. 18, 22. Gal. v. 17;

1 Col. i, 13; John viii. 34, 36. Rom. vii. 15, 18, 19, 21, 23.

V. The will of man is made perfectly and immutably free to do good alone in the state of glory only. 1 Eph. iv. 13; Heb. xii, 23; 1 John iii. 2; Jude, 24.

CHAPTER X.

OF EFFECTUAL CALLING.

ALL those whom God hath predestinated unto life, and those only, he is pleased, in his appointed and accepted time, effectually to call,' by his word and Spirit, out of that state of sin and death in which they are by nature, to grace and salvation by Jesus Christ; enlightening their minds spiritually and savingly to understand the things of God; taking away their heart of stone, and giving unto them an heart of flesh;5 renewing their wills, and by his almighty power determining them to that which is good ; and effectually drawing them to Jesus Christ; yet so as they come most freely, being made willing by his grace.8

4 Acts xxvi. 18; 1 Cor. ii. 6 Ezek. xi. 19; Phil. ii. 13; John vi. 44, 45. 8 Cant. i. 4;

1 Rom. viii. 30; xi. 7; Eph. i. 10, 11. 22 Thess. ii. 13, 14; 2 Cor. iii. 3, 6. 3 Rom. viii. 2; Eph. ii. 1-5; 2 Tim. i. 9, 10. 10, 12; Eph. i. 17, 18. 5 Ezek. xxxvi. 26. Deut. xxx. 6; Ezek. xxxvi. 27. 7Eph. i, 19; Psalm cx. 3; John vi. 37; Rom. vi. 16-18.

II. This effectual call is of God's free and special grace alone, not from any thing at all foreseen in man:1 who is altogether passive therein, until, being quickened and renewed by the Holy Spirit, he is thereby enabled to answer this call, and to embrace the grace offered and conveyed in it.3

III. Elect infants, dying in infancy, are regenerated and saved by Christ through the Spirit,' who worketh when, and where, and how he pleaseth. So also are all other elect persons, who are incapable of being outwardly called by the ministry of the word.3

1 Luke xviii. 15, 16; Acts ii. 38, 39; John iii. 3, 5; 1 John v. 12; Rom. viii. 9. (Compared together.) 2 John iii. 8. 31 John v. 12; Acts iv. 12.

2

IV. Others not elected, although they may be called by the ministry of the word,' and may have some common operations of the Spirit, yet they never truly come unto Christ, and therefore cannot be saved:3 much less can men not professing the Christian religion be saved in any other way whatsoever, be they ever so diligent to frame their lives according to the light of nature, and the law of that religion they do profess;* and to assert and maintain that they may, is very pernicious, and to be detested.5

CHAPTER XI.

OF JUSTIFICATION.

THOSE Whom God effectually calleth he also freely justifieth; not by infusing righteousness into them, but by pardoning their sins, and by accounting and accepting their persons as righteous: not for any thing wrought in them, or done by them, but for Christ's sake alone: not by imputing faith itself, the act of believing, or any other evangelical obedience, to them as their righteousness; but by imputing the obedience and satisfaction of Christ unto them, they receiving and resting on him and his righteousness by faith: which faith they have not of themselves; it is the gift of God.

2

1 Rom, viii. 30; iii. 24. 2 Rom. iii. 22, 24, 25, 27 28; iv. 5-8; 2 Cor. v. 19, 21; Tit. iii. 5,7; Eph. i. 7; Jer. xxiii. 6; 1 Cor. i. 30, 31; Rom. v. 17-19. 3 Acts x. 44; Gal, ii, 16; Phil, iii. 9; Acts xiii. 38, 39; Eph. ii. 7, 8.

II. Faith, thus receiving and resting on Christ and his righteousness, is the alone instrument of justification ;1 yet is it not alone in the person justified, but is ever accompanied with all other saving graces, and is no dead faith, but working by love.2

1 John i. 12; Rom. iii. 28; v. 1. 2 James ii. 17, 22, 26; Gal v. 6

III. Christ, by his obedience and death, did fully discharge the debt of all those that are thus justified, and did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to his Father's justice in their behalf. Yet, inasmuch as he was given by the Father for them,2 and his obedience and satisfaction accepted in their stead,3 and both freely,