1823.] Alderman Henry Smith's Charities in Essex. Bp. Middleton. 415. others. He prayed that he might have the receipt and disposition of his estates during his life. Sir Thomas Coventry, then Lord Keeper, heard the cause in June 1625, when a decree was made that the trustees should convey to the Earl of Essex, Mr. Justice Croke*, and others, to be named by Mr. Smith himself, who should permit him the use of his house for life, and the receipt of the rents, &c. of the estates, for his own use, and for such charitable purposes as he should think proper, and after his decease to apply part to uses there mentioned, and such other as Mr. Smith should by will appoint. Mr. Smith afterwards executed a deed for performance of those purposes, and by will gave some legacies, and pointed out some particular objects of his charitable intentions. He died Jan. 3, 1627-8,, being then an Alderman of the City of London. After his decease, his trustees bought several estates with his personal property. So much for his trustees refusing him support, or even the use of his own house in Silver-street. So much for his wandering about the country accompanied by a dog, and begging food for him. In 1635 the Trustees purchased a farm called New-house, or Whitehouse farm, containing 301 acres, 1 rood, 19 perches of land, and the tithes thereof, in Tolshunt Darcy, in the County of Essex, and in 1641 appropriated the rents thereof to the use of the poor of the parishes of Braintree, Henham, Terling, and Tolshunt Darcy, in Essex, and of other parishes in Suffolk, Herts, Chester, and Sussex, the rent being then 1401. per ann. This rent was afterwards much reduced, but in 1796 had been raised to 1507. What has been since done, I do not know; this estate is vested in a particular set of Trustees, distinct from the Trustees of the general estates, and up to 1796 these gentlemen were very attentive, and met annually at Witham on the last Monday in April to examine the THE THE late Bp. Middleton published 1808, a most able and learned work respecting "the doctrine of the Greek article, applied to the criticism and illustration of the New Testament." Such of your readers as are. conversant with these subjects, will recollect the letters of Mr. Granville ων Sharp, and of the Rev. C. Wordsworth, upon the same subject. In this work Bp. Middleton undertook, and most happily succeeded in his attempt, to investigate the true nature of the prepositive article. His hypothesis is simply this, that "it is the pronoun relative o, so employed, that its relation is supposed to be more or less obscure; which relation, therefore, is explained in some adjunct annexed to the article, by the participle of existence expressed or understood." This will be made clearer by an example; as for instance, ὁ πατὴρ, is the same as ὁ ὤν πατὴς, he who is a father. And where it will not admit of this solution, it cannot be used. 'O is here the article, warg the adjunct annexed, and wr the participle of existence. The principal rule laid down by Mr. Sharp, Mr. Wordsworth, and Bp. Middleton, respecting the use of the Greek article in popular terms, is this, "that when two or more substantives, expressing the same person or thing, are connected together by one or more copulatives, the article is inserted before the first of them, and omitted before the others." For instance, Ροσκιος ὁ ὑιος και κληρονομος του τεθνεκοτος. Ρόσκιος who is the son and heir of the deceased.-Had the article been repeated before xλpovoμos, it must have signified Roscius the son and another person heir, &c. This hypothesis the learned writer fully esta blished, 416 Norwich Cathedral. Fly Leaves, No. XI. blished, and in his application to the Sacred Writings, has thrown an insu perable obstacle in the way of Socinian interpreters; the first being a grammatical dissertation on the nature and uses of the Greek prepositive article, the second is a critical examination of Mr. URBAN, C. P. May 15. EING in Norwich last year, I B was much amused in the Cloisters of the Cathedral in examining the curious sculpture on the Key-stones of the groining, containing various subjects from the Scriptures; they are extremely interesting, and well deserve the minute attention of the Antiquary, on account of the costume from the time of Edward I. to Henry IV. when the Cloisters were completed. There is a piece of sculpture particularly worthy of notice, which appears to have been executed by a superior artist of those days; it stands over the arch at the West door of the Cloisters, which leads into the nave of the Cathedral. · But permit me, Mr. Urban, to enter upon the subject of Heads. On many of these curious Keystones are groups of figures, but, unfortunately, several have lost their heads- sonie person, under an idea of improvement, has taken it into his own head to give new heads to the old statues, as they appear to be added either in plaster or composition, the effect of which, in some instances, is as ludicrous as that of the Clown in the Pantomime, whose head was awkwardly sewn on his neck; perhaps they were repaired by the workmen at so much a head; but the most curious example is a statue of St. Denis with his head in his hands; a new one has now been added to his shoulders; this must be either a mistake, or intended to exemplify the old proverb, that "two heads are better than one.' These new heads may puzzle the Antiquaries of future days; but the man of taste who sees these modern improvements will be ready to borrow the sword of the King of the Golden Mountain, and cry out, "Heads off."-(See Grimm's Tales.) Yours, &c. J. A. R. FLY LEAVES.-No. XI. The Complete Angler. HERE is not, in the circle of our Tomestic literature, any work, that without revising, correcting, or simply assuming to be only practical, enlarging, has required so many editions, and remained popular, after above a century and a half, in the same manner as the Complete Angler. While in part the author intends his work of culinary import, the reigns of our more common culinary heroes and heroines are comparatively short. The once universally celebrated Mrs. Glass would not now be remembered, but for the singular directions to first catch your fish,' &c.: even the renowned Farley, head cook at the London Tavern, is become obsolete and forgotten: and it may be doubted, with all the gallantry of these days, if Mrs. Rundell, notwithstanding the suppoof a Chancery-suit, or our facetious sitive life-length, or perpetuous fame apician friend Dr. Kitchiner, will not alike before there is a decrease of fame of and be forgotten long pass away elden Isaac Walton; who, on one ocfor providing a piscivorous repast "too casion, seems to demand popularity good for any but anglers, or very honest men. But it was not the tickling of the palate, or the experience of handling rod and line, that gave continued interest to the "Complete Angler." It was rather a few welldescribed home scenes, which, however scanty of materials, are given in a simple interlocutory narrative, duwith such a perspicuous relation as to ring the perambulation of five days, secure the volume a well-merited niche in every collection. Isaac Walton was an orthodox church-man, a plain tradesman, and an honest Citizen of London. In parsuit of the contemplative man's res creation,' he ventured, at the spring Fleet-street, to proceed to the Thatchedtime of the year, to leave his shop in house at Hoddesdon in Hertfordshire, to enjoy the humble amusement of angling. The first day is an itinerary wiled away by a spirited interlocutory day, though of no great distance, and discussion as to the preferable pursuit of hawking, hunting, and angling, which concludes rather abruptly by Piscator and Venator separating after a morning draught, and leaving the remainder of that day without occu pation. 1823.1 Walton's Complete Angler. pation. The next morning produces an Otter hunt, near Amwell, and the two following days are given to angling between Ware and Waltham. The fifth morning ends the excursion, and the dialogue terminates where it commenced, at the old Tottenham Cross. Farewell' was said, no doubt according to the fashion of the times, after partaking of a bottle of sack, milk, oranges, and sugar, which, all put together, make a drink like nectar: but though early in the morning our itinerants were not tipplers. It is within the memory of man when a dumpling and a gill of Lisbon, was in high vogue as a nooning. Hence, upon this unimportant excursion, not exceeding twenty miles from the metropolis, from the occasional diversion of an Otter hunt*, and two days angling, is founded a dialogue replete with instructions for the piscatory enthusiast, and so artlessly intermingling pastoral, rustic, and home-fashioned scenes, of unfabled imagery, and what is more seductive to the reader, an unlaboured dialect, that the Complete Angler may be expected to retain its present reputation as long as the English language exists. The Second part, by Charles Cotton, is certainly not of equal literary merit. It is valuable for practical information, and has found an extensive circulation in being continually appended to the more interesting production of his father,' or predecessor. To a work so replete with information and entertainment, the annotationist was not likely to supply more than a few incidental explanations, and, perhaps, it was not until the present period, when the press of learning may be said to have given the fine arts a new dawn of streaming and vigorous light, that it was to be expected the pages of an old, and what 417 was proposed as a mere practical treatise, should be appropriately, if not lavishly embellished. The first attempt at incidental prints originated with Moses Brown (whose editorial system it is better to avoid offering remarks upon), and the designs were rather unblushingly (though somewhat improved) adopted by Sir John Hawkins, without necessity, in the life-time of Brown. Neither of these editors, except in the first instance of the interlocutors meeting at Tottenham Cross, appear to have considered it was either appropriate, or desirable, to increase the interest of the work by locality of scenery. But let us pass over the book-plates, text-worthy or not, what shall be said to the vaunting assertions from time to time of the more humble, though more apposite and needed similitudes of the fish caught or described, and usually given with the letter-press. Of this incidental and very material ornament, is there any edition that affords such spirited likenesses of subject, as that just published under the superintendance of the praise-worthy bibliopolist, Mr. Major of Fleet-street? Every representation of this description has hitherto failed of interest, however accurate the likeness of the fish, from being tastelessly executed. It requires no extent of genius to make the subjects of natural history appear like the old formal cut yew trees, or figures selected by a juvenile fancy, elaborately shaped by scissars, and formally pasted down where wanted. Birds soaring in flight, without accompaniment of either landscape or sky, fish stuck like a patch, or ink-blot upon the page, and sometimes represented as swimming where no fish ever swam, on the surface of the stream, can no longer be countenanced, except in the wholesale representations of an Encyclopædia. Such absurdities have been too long tolerated, but * Otter-hunt. This diversion as attached to the River Lee, is probably now extinct. It is in memory when the hue and cry raised on the tracing of a single Otter, brought together a few sportsmen, one or two bearing a long neglected spear-staff, and a pack of degenerated animals as Otter-hounds, for a day's sport. After tracing some half-devoured fish and other signs of the marauder, for a considerable distance, the whole ended in the disappointment of a blank day. The same animal, as was supposed, was afterwards killed in a large ditch near Hoddesdon, by a half-lurcher dog that belonged to one of the weirinen. The contest was said to have lasted above an hour, the Otter trying by every expedient to drown his antagonist, whose owner, though a looker on, could render but little assistance, from being unprepared with weapons for such a contest. When killed it was exhibited at various seats in the neighbourhood, and the destruction of the animal considered of sufficient importance to entitle the owner of the dog to a liberal subscription. GEST. MAG. May, 1823. which 418 Walton's Angler-Journal of a Midshipman, which in the new edition are carefully In Part II. by Cotton, the views now added are novel, and particularly interesting. It is impossible to pass those of Dove-dale, from drawings by Mr. Chantrey, without admiration: and the genuine angler will feel commingled respect and delight in at length obtaining an appropriate representation of the fishing-house,' from drawings by Mr. Blake. It has hitherto been represented like a naked architectural specimen, built upon a spot where nature was too sterile to be in unison with the common amenity of anglers, and unfit to record such a friendship as existed between Walton and Cotton. If the recent editor has failed of giving universal satisfaction, considering his introduction, Linnean arrangement, notes, and supervenient cuts, it must be with those who have often paced the banks of old father Lee,' and who would wish that instead of some pretty vignettes and tail pieces, the 'veriest coinage of the brain,' his amateur friends had enabled him to substitute views either of Broxburne Church, King's Weir, Cheshunt Nunnery, or Waltham Abbey. Each of them objects, well known to Walton and his scholar, as they talked and strolled either in the meadows or marshes of Nazing, Wormley, Cheshunt, or Waltham. Another objection appears in the apparent parsimony of a few leaves of paper, from the beginning of a chapter upon the halfpage where finishes the preceding one, too often occasioned by the arbitrary disposition of the press; still however [May not to be expected where so much attention has been paid to graphic and typographic effect. EU. HOOD, Mr. URBAN, Queen-sq. Bloomsbury, May 1. SEND you some further extracts from the Journal of a Midshipman for insertion in your Miscellany. I Naples Bay, April 1823.1 We sailed from Malta on March 23, and after a tedious passage through the Faro of Messina, owing to contrary winds, arrived at Baie Bay on the 28th, where we found a Neopolitan line of battle ship ready to convoy a fleet of transports with soldiers to Sicily. In this Bay all men of war and large merchant ships remain in winter on account of the bad anchorage and heavy swell which sets into the Bay of Naples at that season of the year. Baia Bayt is distant 18 miles from Naples by sea, and seven or eight by land; carriages are to be had at Pozzuoli, a small town in the Bay. The road is for some distance by the seaside, but strikes suddenly off into an avenue about two miles and a half long, perfectly level, and lined on each side by vineyards, which in summertime must be delightful; the rest of the way is through the Grotto of Possilipo, which is about one mile in length, and 60 feet high at the entrance, and is cut through a steep mountain. It is just broad enough for two carriages to pass abreast, and is lighted only by a dim lamp here and there; there is one day in the year the sun shines through it, and I happened to pass this way on that day. By whom this passage was cut I believe is not rightly known, but it is supposed to have been a quarry, as there are many in this mountain, and being of great length under ground, was cut through at the public expence. It leads directly to Naples, which, to look at from the sea, appears to be clean city, but when you enter a very * King's Weir.-Some sixty years agone the old toll-house at King's Weir was tenanted by one Ives, whom the trustees of the river permitted to sell his home-brewed ale, and to whose settle many a patient angler adjourned to take his repast, and hear the story of the last trout caught at the apron of the Weir. Many were the tales, and big and bouncing the fish, weighing from ten to thirteen pounds, and no one had reason to suppose either line or net was manufactured by a Munchausen. There is a painting of the Bay of Baiæ, with Apollo and the Sybil, by I. M. Turner, R. A. in the present Exhibition, No. 77. in Catalogue. 1623.] Journal of a Midshipman in the Mediterranean. 1 it, are soon apprized of your mistake. Five or six families live in one house, which is the fashion all over Naples. Baiæ Bay abounds in many ancient ruins, and among them the temples of Venus and Diana, with the tyrant Nero's baths, and numerous other remains of antiquity of less note. The Hot Baths are the most curious of any I have seen; they are close to the water's edge, and seem to have sunk into the earth, I should suppose caused by some eruption, as there are many houses near them half covered with water, and embedded in a perpendicular cliff of about 90 feet from the water. The entrance to the Baths is through a small door, half closed up with rubbish. The water which supplies these baths is so extremely hot, as to boil an egg in two minutes, and the stream from the spring makes the passage to the baths, which is 120 feet long, so very close, that it takes away respiration, and is seen issuing from the crevices of the cliff. Visitors are thrown into such profuse perspiration, that on entering they are compelled to take off their coats and waistcoats to guard against cold on coming out. The passage is narrow and dark, and strangers seldom go to the bottom of it, where the spring is the guide carries a light ed torch and a small bucket, in which he procures some of the water, and brings it gasping for breath, and half suffocated, and thus boils the eggs. Near this place there is another room, or perhaps it was formerly one of the apartments belonging to this bath; in it are several other baths of about two feet and a half deep, most of which are filled up, but two remain; the water of one of them is just hot enough for a person to bear his finger in, and the other, which is separated only by a partition of about six inches, is exceedingly cold. : The country round about the Bay is hilly, and covered with vineyards. There is an ancient paved road, cut by Appius, the Roman General, from whom it takes the name of the "Appian road way," in the vicinity of which is a lake, known by the name of Maremorti, or the Sea of Death, with numberless remains of ancient architecture. The inhabitants in this part have found out that English visitors collect coins whenever any are offered for sale, and it is no less curious than true, that 419 an English penny has been put up for sale, as an antique, at the low price of 2s. 6d. Near the town of Pozzuolo there are some curious sulphur mines, known by the name of Regia sulphurea terra. I took a walk there one afternoon, a distance of six miles from Baiæ, and procured some specimens, which are most beautiful, but in getting them' my hands and feet suffered, for in many places it is burning with great fury. The specimens which are quite soft whilst hot, become hard when cold. Mount Vesuvius is at present tranquil; it is only seen smoking at intervals. On coming to Naples, we passed the Mounts Etna and Stromboli; the former is the largest and highest of the three, and was completely covered with snow. Stromboli rises directly from the sea, and I believe is always seen burning at night, but we passed it in the day-time, when it was smoking; it is of a conic form. We are now in Naples Bay, the weather being more favourable. I shall not go up Vesuvius this time, as it is extremely cold. The Theatre of St. Carlos is the largest and most magnificent I have ever seen; it is almost too grand; the ballets are likewise the same. There were upwards of 100 men and women dancing at the same time, all in the same attitude; but I would rather see a good English comedy, as its grandeur' is fatiguing, and soon forgotten. The King's State Box, which is in the centre of the first circle, is very grand; but the whole has too much of gilding about it to be pleasing to the eye. An Austrian frigate has arrived here, and the Neapolitan 74 I mentioned returned to Baia Bay on the 1st of April. As the ancient towns of Baie and Pozzuolo, and the grotto of Posilipo, are slightly noticed in the foregoing paper, it will not perhaps be considered objectionable to give a short account of these formerly magnificent places. Baia, or (as spelt in ancient Geography) Baix, is an ancient village of Campania in Italy, situated below the promontory of Misanum, and Puteoli on the Sinus Baianus, famous for its hot baths, which served the Romans for the purposes of medicine and pleasure. The hot springs and medicinal vapours that abound in the |