But there is a very remarkable example of the Epanaphora in Deborah's triumphal ode, where she describes the death of Sisera by Jael, Judg. v. 27. At her feet he bowed, he fell, he lay ss down; at her feet he bowed, he fell: where Is he bowed, there he fell down dead. It may not be improbable that Mr Dryden had this passage in his eye in those lines of his Ode, intitled, Alexander's Feast :

He chose a mournful muse

Soft pity to infufe :
He sung DARIUS, great and good,

By too severe a fate,
Fall'n, fall'n, fall'n, fall'n,

Fall’n from his high eftate,
And welt’ring in his blood.

$ 4. The Epanaphora seems admirably adapted to express lively and violent passions, and partiçularly that of sorrow; of which we may take the following examples.

Thus VIRGIL paints Orpheus's grief for the loss of his beloved EURYDICE:

Thee his lov'd wife along the lonely shores ;
Thee his lov'd wife his mournful song deplores:
Thee, when the rising morning gives the light,
Thee,when the world was overspread with night f.
Mr Pope has happily adopted this Figure for

the

+ Te, dulcis conjux; te solo in littore fecum,
Te veniente die, te decedente canebat.

VIRGIL, Georgic, lib. iv. ver., 465.

the same purpose, in his charming ode on Saint
Cecilia's day :

Ah ! fee he dies !
Yet ev'n in death EURYDICE he sung,
EURYDICE still trembled on his tongue,

EURYDICE the woods,

EURYDICE the floods,
EURYDICE the rocks, and hollow mountains rung.

In like manner Pliny the Younger, lamenting the death of VIRGINIUS, who had been his tutor, and whom he considered as his father, in an epistle to his friend Voconius, says, “ I would “ write many other things to you, but my whole “ mind is taken up in this contemplation. I 6 think of VIRGINIUS; I see VIRGINIUS; I now “ hear, I converse with, I embrace, in vain but “ fresh representations of him to my mind, my « dear VIRGINIUS *."

I shall add one more, example of the Epanapbora, as suited to express a strong sensation of forrow, from Cicero ; “ The goods of C. Pom

PEY the Great (O me miserable ! for though « I have exhausted my tears upon the account,

yet the grief has indelibly fixed itself upon

my heart) his goods, I say, were offered to « sale by the most bitter voice of the common

cryer t.” * Volui tibi multa alia scribere, fed totus animus in hac una contemplatione defixus eft. Virginium cogito, Virginium video, Virginium jam vanis imaginibus, recentibus tamen, audio, alloquor, teneo. Plinii Epift. lib. ii. epift. 1. + Bona (miserum mel consumptis cnim lacrimis, tamen

infixit

§ 5. The Epanaphora may be of great use for representing, or strongly insisting upon any topic. “ The elder Pliny,” says Mr ROLLIN, « would make us sensible of the folly of men, “ who give themselves so much trouble to se“ cure an establishment in this world; and often “ take up arms against one another, to extend " a little the boundaries of their dominions. “ After representing the whole earth as a small “ point, and almoft indivisible in comparison of " the universe, he says, This is the matter, this " the seat of our glory : here we assume ho

nours ; here we exercise dominion; here we " covet riches; here the human race is in up

roar: here we make wars, wars even upon “ our fellow-citizens, and drench the earth with « our mutual bloodshed *. All the vivacity,” says Mr Rollin, “ of this passage, consists in “ the repetition, which seems in every member “ or part to exhibit this little foot of earth, for 6 which men torment themfelves so far, as to

fight and kill one another, in order to attain “ fome little portion of it 4."

infixit animo hæret dolor) bona, inquam, Cn. Pompeii Magni, voci acerbiffimæ fubjecta præconis. Cicer. Philip. ii.

$ 26.

* Hæc eft materia gloriæ noftræ, hæc sedes: hîc honores gerimus, hîc exercemus imperia, hîc opes cupimus; hîc tumultuatur humanum genus , hic inkauramus bella civilia, nitatuisque cædibus laxiorem facimus terram. Plinti, lib.ii. cap. 58.

+ ROLLIN on the Belles Lettres, vol. ij. p. 148.

$ 6. I shall add, by way of caution, that when we are minded to ingraft this Figure into our compositions, we should take heed of running into insipid tautologies, and all affectation of a trifling sound, and jingle of insignificant words. Let our repetitions give nerves to our discourses, or diffuse a lustre over them. Let them not be the finical ornaments of an artificial eloquence, but the bold impetuous fallies of real transport, or infamed imagination.

CHAPTER XIII.

.

The APOSTROPHE' considered.

$ 1. The definition of an Apostrophe. $2. Exam

ples from Cicero, BLACKMORE, THOMSON, Watts, and Milton. § 3. Instances from Scripture. 4. The use of the Apostrophe, with à passage from LONGINUS.

$ 1. APA

Postropbe * is a Figure in which we in

terrupt the current of our discourse, and turn to another person, or to some other object, different from that to which our address was first directed t.

* From anos 90W,

I turn

araj. # Avcrfus quoque à judice sermo, qui dịcitur Ago5.800m,

mire

P 3

§ 2. Many examples might be produced of this Figure.

CICERO thus addresses himself to the soldiers of the Martian legion, who fell in a successful engagement against Mark ANTONY : “ I consider you as born for your country, who “ also derive your appellation from Mars; so

that the same Deity seems both to have raised

up thịs city for the world, and you for this “ city : death in a retreat is accompanied with “Thame, in victory with glory. Those impious “ wretches therefore whom you have slain are

gone to the infernal shades, to suffer the vengeance due to their parricide: but

you,

who “ have facrificed your lives to gain this victory, “ have reached the seats and mansions of the $6 blessed. Short is the date which nature allots “ us, but the remembrance of a life gloriously “ resigned will be everlasting +."

The faine Orator furnishes us with another Apostrophe, when he says, speaking in the praife of POMPEY, “ I call upon you, mute regions,

you

mirè movet ; five adverfarios invadimus. five ad invocationem aliquam convertimur-five ad invidiosam implorationem. QUINTIL. lib. ix. cap. 2. $ 2.

+ Vos verò patriæ natos judico; quorum etiam nomen à Marte est: ut idem Deus urbem hanc gentibus, vos huic urbi genuiffe videatur. In faga fæda mors elt; in victoria gloriosa. Etenim Mars ipfa ex acie fortiffimum quer.que pignerari folet. Illi igitur impii, quos cecidistis, etiam ad inferos pænas parri. cidii luent ; vos vero, qui extremum fpiritum in victoria effu. . diftis, piorum eftis sedem, & locum consecuti Brevis à natura nobis vita data est; at memoria bene redditæ vitæ, sem. piterna. Cicer. Philip. xiv. cap. iz.