66 quin trimming himself with an hatchet, hew-, ing down a tree with a razor, making his tea "in a cauldron, and brewing his ale in a tea §4. Upon a review of our account of the Tropes of Rhetoric, we may fee the justice of Mr BLACKWALL's obfervation, that "it is plain "there is a general analogy and relation be"tween all Tropes; and that in all of them a "man ufes a foreign or ftrange word inftead of "a proper one, and therefore fays one thing. "and means fomething different. When he fays one thing, and means another almoft the fame, it is a Synecdoche or Comprehenfion; when "he fays one thing, and means another mutually depending, it is a Metonymy; when he fays one thing, and means another opposite or "contrary, it is an Irony; when he fays one thing, and means another like to it, it is a Metaphor; a Metaphor continued, and often "repeated, is an Allegory; a Metaphor, carried "to a great degree of boldnefs, is an Hyper tr 66 6.6 bole; and when at first found it feems a little "harsh and shocking, and may be imagined to carry fome impropriety in it, it is a Cata"chrefis +." § 5. The celebrated VIDA has given us fuch a very juft and beautiful account of the nature H 4 * POPE's Art of Sinking, vol. vi. page 191. BLACKWALL'S Introduction to the Claffics, page 181. of of Tropes, and their feveral kinds, that I think proper to annex to our Discourse concerning them a translation of his very fine verfes upon our fubject; and the Reader will excufe me, if along with them I translate fome lines of our Author that belong not to the Tropes, but the Figures of Rhetoric, the last of which have not as yet been considered by us. Obferve how proper names afide are thrown, And tropical inferted in their room. Exotic words, adapted and apply'd To things for which they were not firft defign'd, His Metaphors are fnatch'd from fighting fields, So from fome neighb'ring hill, while we furvey Secure th' attention, bear th' enraptur'd mind, A fubject mean and trivial in itself; By Poets: others will the indulgence claim, Produc'd thefe Tropes; for when no words occur, That most resemble them. But by degrees, Were Were for the pleasures they infpir'd preferr'd, Soon grew to elegance. The dome august in Their works, nor blush to find their art difclos'd! Ofttimes the Bard delights to raise his fong Up to a pitch furpaffing all belief *. t The fhout afcends the fkies. All heav'n around "Shakes with th' unfufferable noife." Anon How he repeats his words, that execrate : Ravage and havock and the plagues of war†? O father! O my country! O the house "Of PRIAM once fo great! O JUPITER! "Imperial Troy is fmoking on the ground." NEPTUNE fhall sometimes fignify the main ‡, And BACCHUS wine, and CERES corn intend: • The Hyperbole. The Synecdoche. + An Ecphonefu. The The father hall denominate his race, And cities their inhabitants defign, When Africans with confternation fhake, Their country trembles to its utmoft bounds, And gen'rous wine compos'd--What mean the ftreams Poets will by a change of speech address Sometimes a Bard profufe fhall pour his praise In words, while he a fenfe reverfe intends t. "She doubtlefs was a moft deferving wife t, "Who, when his foes were rushing thro' his doors, "Drew from her husband's head his faithful fword." "O to what heights of fame has DRANCES foar'd! "How has he ftrew'd the fields with heaps of flain "And, fee the trophies which his valour gain'd! What a rich pleasure oft pervades the mind, When, but from no deficiency of speech, The felf-fame words are by the fong return'd? Should PAN, tho' ARCADY was judge, contend; "Ev'n PAN, tho' ARCADY was judge, muft yield §." But tho' a Poet may have leave to foar In bold excurfions on his wing of fire, 7 Let him be caution'd in his use of Tropes Not to exceed all bounds, and croud his verfe |