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will probably think himself obliged to yield to their representations. He ought, however, to know, what are the real views of the men to whom he thus commits himself. Letters have been received in town, from many of the St. Domingo colonists who reside in Jamaica and in the United States, which admit that preparations for a vigorous defence were making in all parts of St. Domingo; that 40,000 men were already under arms; that in the north and in the south there was the same activity, the same determination to wage a war of unsparing, unpitying destruction, in defence of their freedom. But what is the language of these colonists on the occasion? One says, "Let them defend themselves: so much the better: then we shall have the pretence we seek for burning them like rats in their traps!" Only be quick," another writes, " with bloodhounds, chasseurs, and supplies." "Let us carry away (il faut deporter)," says a third," the whole of the population. The merchants of Nantes, in spite of the perfidious English, will soon furnish 500,000 Blacks to replace them." What madness and bloodthirstiness have we here united! Are these the men into whose hands Louis the Desired is about to commit his fame and the fortunes of his too-late-recovered throne? We pity him, that he is obliged by them to make a St. Domingo war a matter of question: we shall pity him still more, if he should think himself obliged to decide that question in opposition to all the charities of his own benevolent heart, and, we would add, against his own interests and those of France.

We rejoiced to perceive, by one of the minor Paris papers, that when Gen. Desfourneaux recommended "celerity" in fitting out an expedition for St. Domingo, murmurs of disapprobation arose among the Deputies. We hope that this is an earnest of such a vigorous opposition to the measure, as may

arrest the tide of blood, until the people of France shall be somewhat more enlightened respecting the ruinous, hopeless, and cruel conflict in which a few desperate adventurers would embark them. This hope is encouraged by the appearance of a publication on St. Domingo, by a Colonel Malenfant, who formerly resided for many years in that island. Making allowance for some dozen pages of invective against England, which might have been requisite as a passport through the censor's office, it contains much valuable information, and much sound counsel on the subject. In the statement of facts, there is a remarkable coincidence between him and the eloqueut author of the Crisis of the Sugar Colonies, the Opportunity, and the Life of Toussaint Louverture. We shall probably recur to this important work in our next Number: in the mean time we must content ourselves with a single extract :

"It was always my opinion," says this writer, "that we ought not to attempt to recover St. Domingo by force of arms. I stated this in a memorial which I presented to General Leclerc just before he sailed. He paid no attention to what I wrote. He despised my advice. What was the result? He perished, with his whole army; and the colony, which, until then, had been preserved by Toussaint, was lost to France." He adds, that a new attempt of the same kind would only meet with more certain ruin, " be. cause the Blacks are better armed, more habituated to war, more strongly fortified, more ably commanded, than they were at that epoch ;" and, what is most material, "their hearts are ulcerated with the recollection of the cruelties which were then practised towards them, by Noyades à la Carrier, and even by casting them to dogs to be devoured alive." "Horrible as is this last assertion," observes an able writer in the Times newspaper of the 24th inst., "it unfortunately rests on too strong evidence to be doubted; and, con

sequently, in every French soldier, that may land on their coasts, the Haytians will think they see a monster prepared to treat them with similar enormity. It is in vain that M. Desfourneaux builds hopes on the divisions which exist among them. Every account, which we have received, agrees in stating, that the arrival of a French army would be a signal for the closest union between Christophe and Petion; that they have both adopted the same resolution, to burn the sea-coast towns, and retire to the fortified passes in the interior; and that they have unanimously sworn a guerre à mort to any invaders that shall touch their soil. Fortunately, the letter from the Haytian Secretary of State leaves open a path for amicable accommodation, which may eventually be far more beneficial to France than even the wildest dreams of the most infuriated colonists. Let us trust that this opening will be laid hold of; that instead of the land and sea forces, which M. Desfourneaux so blindly asks for, nothing but commercial undertakings, and friendly overtures, will be thought of; and that thus, at the approaching Congress, the great stumbling-block to an immediate and universal abolition of the Slave Trade will be removed."

This last suggestion reminds us to state, that, in our communications with persons lately arrived from St. Domingo, we have been most forcibly struck with hearing, that the circumstance which appeared to produce an instantaneous, concurrent, and unqualified determination, from one end of St. Domingo to the other, to resist French aggression in whatever form it should approach the shores of that island, whether in the shape of peaceful negociation or of armed force, was the revival of the French Slave Trade. That very article, which the infatuated colonists dreamt was to restore St. Domingo to France, has probably sealed the deed of its everlasting separation. "France,"say the Haytians, "revives the slave trade, avowedly with a view

to St. Domingo. She has resisted all the solicitations of England to abolish it. It has even been declared by the English Minister, that so immoveably did she cling to this trade, that, with the sword at her throat, she would have renewed her desperate war rather than relinquish it. What, then, have we to hope from her professions, or her promises? Her measures, whatever she may pretend, have evidently this object, the re-establishment of slavery in St. Domingo. Why else bring slaves from Africa? Is it in the superabundance of her philanthropy to make them sharers in our freedom; or is it in the blindness of her cupidity to make us sharers of their stripes and chains? No! no! This concludes the discussion. Nothing now remains for us but independ ence or death." What a different impression would have been made on the Haytians, had France nobly renounced the African slave trade! Thus does profligacy, in this as in many other instances, bring with it its own immediate punishment.

We rejoice to see this great cause taken up by two advocates, who appear to have fathomed its depths, and to be fully equal to its conduct. The one (who has been already quoted) is a writer in the Times, who, during the last two or three weeks, has signalized himself by the accuracy of his information on this subject, and the rectitude and elevation of his general views. The other is M. Peltier, who, in his last number of L'Ambigu (No. 413)—a periodical work in French edited by him, and widely circulated both in England and on the Continent-has treated the whole question with unusual talent and intelligence. We strongly recommend his work to our readers, and, by way of supporting that recommendation, we shall give an extract from the close of the extended discussions in that number on St. Domingo and the Slave Trade. He addresses the following wise and salutary counsel to the planters of that island.

"If you must have estates between the Tropics, why do you not go yourselves, why do you not send your gentle overseers, to cultivate sugar, coffee, and cotton on the banks of the Senegal, in that settlement which the generosity of England has gratuitously restored to you? There you will only be twenty days' sail from the mother country. You will there have ten times the extent of territory to cultivate, which you could have at St. Domingo, and probably of a superior quality. You will there obtain in abundance industrious Blacks, who for moderate wages will culti vate your estates, without bringing ruin on the merchants of Nantz:

and the advances which Government
would have to make, for the forma-
tion and complete establishment of
such a colony, would not amount to
half of what you would make it sacri-
fice uselessly, in order to place you
in a capacity even to exercise your
perfidy and vengeance.
In the
mean time, Nantz, Bourdeaux, and
Marseilles would be gaining, by their
peaceful commerce with Hayti, the
means of making you those ad-
vances, for the restoration of your
ruined fortunes, which they are una-
ble now to make; and the produce
of Senegal and that of Hayti would
arrive together in the ports of
France, without having cost one
tear to humanity."

MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE.

Our report of public affairs for this month must now be very brief, so many of our pages having been devoted to the interesting subject of the French Slave Trade.

1. Parliament has been summoned to meet on the 8th of November. This circumstance has tended greatly to depress the funds; as the want of money is supposed to be the cause of this early summons. Om nium has reached a discount of 7 per cent.

2. Some severe battles have been fought on the borders of Canada; all of them, how ever, before any of the reinforcements from France had reached the scene of action. In one of these battles, our troops, after a long and sanguinary conflict, were victorious against superior numbers, and the American army was driven beyond the frontier. We have since failed in an attack on Fort Erie, by which we incurred considerable loss. A British force of 12,000 men had arrived at Quebec, from Europe. A large armament had assembled in the Chesapeake, and it was expected would lose no time ju proceeding to Washington. The negociations appear still to be proceeding with the American Commissioners at Ghent.

8. Monte Video has surrendered to the popular army; so that there is not now, in the province of Buenos Ayres, a single post held by the Royalists.

4. The war between Norway and the Allies has been happily closed, by an are mistice, which promises to issue in the peaceful union of that country with Sweden,

5. The Pope appears to be busily employed in reviving the different orders and papal institutions which had been overthrown by the revolutionary torrent. He has issued a Bull, restoring the Jesuits to all their former privileges, and calling on all Catholic princes to protect and encourage them. He bas, besides, taken measures for restoring the orders of regular clergy-Ia France also, at least in the heads of her governmeut, there are strong symptoms of reviving superstition; which, considering the state of public opinion in that country, is not particularly well adapted to give stability to the throne. What will the wits there say, and what can any rational man say, to the solemn consecration of the kingdom of France to the Virgin Mary?

6. The government of France is benevolently turning its attention to the reform of its prison system. We should have rejoiced more in this indication of philanthropy, had it not been unhappily contemporaneous with the ordonnance reviving the Slave Trade, and with the proposition for turning St. Domingo into one vast charnel-house.

7. Just as this sheet was going to press, intelligence was received of the capture of Washington, the capital of America, and the destruction of all the national property in that city, after a brilliant victory obtained by 1500 British over 9000 Americans strongly posted.-Madison and his Ministers were spectators of the conflict.

OBITUARY.

REV. DR. BRUNNMARK.

Ir has pleased God to remove sud. denly from this life the Rev. Dr. Brunnmark (a name well known in this country), in the midst of his successful exertions in the cause of the Bible both in England and in Sweden. He had not only extended the sphere of the Stockholm Bible Society, but had formed similar Bible Societies nearly throughout all the dioceses and provinces of Sweden, his native country; and had obtained for those societies the patronage of his Majesty the King of Sweden, of the Crown Prince, and of the principal heads of the Swedish National Church.

While eagerly pressing on towards the summit of his prayers and wishes, "that the Bible Institution in Sweden should furnish every man and woman with the Holy Scriptures," he was too regardless of his health. He was engaged in these pursuits, when, travelling in the night from Stockholm to Upsala, the latter part of July last, he caught a violent cold and fever. He completed, however, his work at Upsala, and then hurried off to Yttermora, in Dalecarlia, where his venerable mother, and his beloved wife and children, were then upon a visit to his brother, the Rev. Mr. Brunnmark, rector of that place. His fever increased to an alarming height; but still he persevered in his labours till the 31st of July, when, having been put to bed at 11 o'clock at night, this valuable servant of God expired in peace at half past five o'clock the following morning, the 1st of August, while his afflicted wife was standing by his bed-side, anxiously watching the alarming progress of the fever, now aided by gout in the stomach.

He has left a widow and three young children, daughters, who must now, unless effectually assist ed, want even the common necessaries of life. From his scanty income

as chaplain to the Swedish embassy in London, and minister of the Swedish church, he could not have made any future provision for his family; but he had for some time entertained a prospect of promotion"; and the King of Sweden had actually appointed him to one of the largest livings in that country; but death has cancelled this preferment, and, with it, the widow's hope of daily bread for herself and children.

It is the testimony of several highly respectable gentlemen *, who knew the man well, that he gave himself up, without reserve, to the cause of God, and to the poor. He visited the poor of every country, in their cellars, their garrets, and when in prison. He bad, for many years past, a levee of poor people, at his house in Wellclose Square, three times a week; and seldom less than from twenty to thirty attended; into whose cases he inquired, and would give them the best advice, if he could not always relieve them; whenever it was necessary, would visit them at their own habitations, sharing his own small income with the most necessitous; and was often the unwearied almoner of other benevolent persons. A letter re ceived from his widow, states him to have been always a very great proficient in the art of foregoing most of his comforts, so that he could make out the sum he wanted for some distressed family, persons in

*These gentlemen, who are, Sir Digby Mackworth, J. Butterworth, W. Burls, J. W. Freshfield, J. Hughes, C. F. A. Steinkopff, A. Clarke, J. Poynder, S. Mills, J. Pritt, J. Reyner, E. N. Thornton, and G. Wolf, have opened a subscription for the relief of the widow and family of this benevolent

man, and have undertaken to apply properly such sums as may be entrusted to them. These gentlemen have already subscribed one hundred and ten guineas among themselves. Subscriptions are received by Down and Co.; Hankey and Co., and Hoares, Fleet Street,

prison, &c.; and that, during the in which his prospects were brightlast month of his life, his compassions est in every respect; when he found

had been unusually awake. "He seemed afraid to have one shilling by him, that he thought might be well laid out for some poor person. He was like one fearing to lose a day's interest if he kept back the mite that ought to be cast into the treasury of the temple. He was a man in ten thousand, as the poor man's friend. But he is now with God."

himself honoured with the most distinguished approbation by his king and country, and presented with a living so likely to improve his reduced economical affairs! But the Lord's will be done. As for himself, he has entered into the joy of his Lord: as for his family, the Lord will surely provide."

Claes Grill, Esq., the Swedish consul, and another Swedish gentleman, Mr. Sandmark, write in the same strain to C. Sundius, Esq.:--"Our mutual and highly respected friend, the late Rev. Dr. Brunnmark, was a member of the British and Foreign Bible Society; and, as you also know, Foreign Secretary, pro tempore, during the absence on the continent of the Rev. Mr. Steinkopff: and it may almost be said that his valuable life fell a sacrifice to his determined zeal of carrying into effect the noble views of that Society."

The Rev. Mr. Steinkopff, in writing to a friend respecting the death of Dr. Brunnmark, has thus expressed himself:-" Is it indeed true, that our estimable and beloved friend Brunnmark is no more! That indefatigable friend of God and man, whom we both had the happiness to know, to love, and to wit ness his zeal for the glory of God, and the propagation of his truth; his kindness to the poor, and laborious exertions for them; his truly pastoral love to his countrymen; his enlarged benevolence; his modest On this circumstance they found and unassuming manners; the sa- a hope, that many friends of that Incrifice of personal convenience, stitution will, as well out of friendcomfort, and ease, which he was ship and just regard for Dr. Brunnconstantly making. He lived for mark, as from Christian benevolence, God and his fellow-creatures, and "stand up as protectors and advohe died in the service of that blessed cates of the widow, the destitute wiRedeemer, in imitation of whose dow, and the three infant daughters, example he went about doing good. of our late honoured and beloved pastor and friend. He has scarcely left one shilling's worth of what is valued on this side the grave, except the well-deserved name of the Good Samaritan,' the Friend of God and the poor.""

"Our Bible Society, as well as ་ ་ other Christian and benevolent institutious, have sustained by his death a loss which can scarcely be repaired. And how mysterious, that he should die at the very moment

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

No Literary Intelligence can be inserted, which does not reach the Editor by the 20th of the month, at the latest.

THOMAS SCOTT; J. N. C.; P. M. P.; R. B. P.; Æquus; C. R.; and D. W. will be inserted.

P. C. F.; T. B.; C. O.; G. B.; and T. J. have been received.

The Obituary of Dr. Lane, has been excluded only by the length of the article on the French Slave Trade.

A CONSTANT READER has judged rightly as to the book on Education.

The Newspaper mentioned in a letter from York of the 19th of August, has never reached us: we should otherwise have been glad to avail ourselves of our respected Correspond

ent's hiut.

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