EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. POLYZOA AND ECHINOIDEA FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF NEED'S CAMP, BUFFALO RIVER, CAPE COLONY. 1. Filisparsa ramosa, d'Orbigny. x 12. Obverse face of part of a zoarium, showing tendency of apertures to be arranged in V-shaped rows (p. 408). 2. Filisparsa fragilis, Marsson. x 12. Obverse face of part of a zoarium (p. 408). 3. Diastopora compressa (Goldfuss). × 12. A young zoarium, showing the firstformed zoœcia to be slightly emergent, while the more distal are immersed (p. 409). 4. Idmonea virgula, d'Orbigny. 5. Crisina cenomana, d'Orbigny. × 12. Obverse face of zoarium (p. 410). Obverse face of a specimen resembling d'Orbigny's figure of Idmonea calypso, showing strongly-marked zoœcial boundaries (p. 411). 6. Crisina excavata (d'Orbigny). × 12. Obverse face of part of a zoarium. In the proximal part the lateral series of apertures of each side are practically opposite, and so appear to form continuous bands across the zoarium. Distally is a front view of the right-hand series only, and those of the left-hand are seen in profile (p. 412). 7. Crisina marginata (d'Orbigny). × 12. Obverse face of part of a zoarium viewed rather from the right side, so that only the edges of the left-hand series of apertures appear; the alternate arrangement of the series of apertures is therefore not obvious in the figure (p. 412). 8. Tervia dorsata (von Hagenow). × 12. Obverse face of part of a zoarium (p. 413). 9. Tervia gibbera, Gregory. x 12. Obverse face of part of a zoarium viewed from the left-hand side. The end of a "dorsal process" appears at the top left-hand side of the figure, springing distally from the reverse face (p. 413). 10. Entalophora virgula (von Hagenow). × 12. 11. Entalophora conjugata (von Reuss). x 12. Part of a zoarium (p. 414). apertures appear to be arranged in whorls or spirals; but these are only rows of three, and the series do not continue on the half of the branch not shown (p. 415). 12. Entalophora echinata (Römer). x 12. 13. Spiropora verticillata (Goldfuss). x 12. 14. Entalophora madraporacea (Goldfuss). (p. 416). Part of a worn zoarium (p. 415). Part of a zoarium (p. 417). × 12. Part of a worn zoarium 15-17. Coptosoma capense, sp. nov. Natural size. (p. 419). 3.-The Invertebrate Fauna and Paleontological Relations of the Uitenhage Series.-By F. L. KITCHIN, M.A., Ph.D., F.G.S. III. COMPARISON WITH EXTRA-EUROPEAN FAUNAS. ... ... ... (b) Comparison with the Fauna of the Oomia Group in 25 30 39 ... ... ... ... (c) Traces of a Related Fauna in the Godavari District (d) Neocomian in German East Africa ... ... IV. THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE UITENHAGE FAUNA IN RELA- V. DESCRIPTIONS, CRITICAL NOTES, AND LISTS OF FOSSILS VI. SUMMARY OF RESULTS VII. LIST OF WORKS CITED I. INTRODUCTION. THE marine invertebrate fossils collected in 1900 by Mr. A. W. Rogers and Mr. E. H. L. Schwarz from the Uitenhage Series, and forwarded to me by Mr. Rogers on behalf of the Geological Commission, were found at localities near Uitenhage and below this on the Zwartkop's River, and in the valley of the Sunday's River near and below Dunbrodie. Further materials have been sent from the South African Museum, principally comprising specimens presented by R. Rubidge and C. A. Fairbridge, and I have also received a small but interesting collection of Mollusca found by Miss M. Wilman in the Uitenhage strata exposed in the Coega neighbourhood. In addition to the marine fossils obtained by Messrs. Rogers and Schwarz, some shells of the genus Unio were collected in the Bezuidenhout's Valley below Blue Cliff. In 1905 Mr. Rogers devoted some time to a further examination of the Uitenhage beds in the valleys of the Sunday's River and Coega River, and made an additional collection of fossils; he also obtained a few specimens from an exposure of Uitenhage beds at Brentford, in Knysna.* The results of an examination of these supplementary materials have been incorporated in the following account, which has been withheld from publication for this purpose. In view of the extensive manner in which the fauna of the Uitenhage Series has already been made known, particularly by the writings of Krauss, Sharpe, Tate, and Neumayr, it is not surprising to find that among the specimens collected during the preliminary survey in the Uitenhage and Port Elizabeth Divisions comparatively few new forms are represented. It could be gathered, however, from the published account of this survey, that more prolonged search would in all probability add materially to an already lengthy list, and, in fact, the specimens obtained by Mr. Rogers in 1905 well bear this out, for they include a larger proportion of new species than that shown by the collections made in 1900.‡ In the following pages I have discussed the present state of our knowledge regarding the paleontological relations of the fauna, so far as concerns the invertebrate remains, and then proceeded to the description of the new materials submitted to me, while adding critical remarks and supplementary descriptions relative to some of the forms already known. Opportunity is also afforded by the present study to describe and figure two Uitenhage ammonites which are represented by specimens preserved in the collection of the Geological Society of London, though not included in the material sent to me from Cape Town; it is useful to have some account of these, both for the sake of comparison with other members of the * A new locality for Uitenhage marine fossils; see Schwarz (2), pp. 50, 74. [The numbers in parentheses after the names of authors, in this and subsequent references to literature, correspond with the titles of works bearing the same number under the names of those authors in the bibliographical list with which this memoir concludes.] Rogers and Schwarz (1). For an account of the survey of 1905, see Rogers (2). |