or were difperfed through GREECE, with all thofe who with old SATURN fled over the ADRIATICK (†) Sea into the Weft, and roamed over the Kingdoms and Islands of the Earth. СНАР. III. Satan, though fenfible of the Diminution of his Glory, directs his Speech to the Fallen Angels, and comforts them with Hope yet of regaining Heaven. Then tells them of a new World, and a new Kind of Creature to be created, according to an antient Prophecy, or Report in Heaven and threatens the Deity: Which the rebellious Angels all affent to. LL these and many more appeared in Multi Atudes, but with down-caft Eyes, and full of Shame; yet not fo but that there appeared fuch Looks, wherein fome Glimpfe of Joy faintly was feen to have found their chief Captain not in Defpair, and to have found themfelves not utterly annihilated; which was alike evident from his doubtful Countenance: But SATAN foon recollecting his ufual Pride, with lofty Words, which had a Refemblance of Worth but not the Reality, gently raised their fainting Courage, and for a little Time put off their Fears. Then immediately he commanded, that at the warlike Sound of loud Trumpets, and of Clari (p) The Adriatic Sea, now, the Gulf of Venice or Illyria; which feparates Greece and Illy ricum from Italy. Saturn paffed over it when he fled into Italy; where he propagated the Phanician and Gracian Idolatry, Arts and Sciences; for which he was entertained by Janus the King of it, and deified after his Death. These Inftitutions made Men fo happy, that the Poets called that Time, the Golden ' Age. Saturn is Adam; and that Age, the State of Innocence, before his Fall. ons, ons, his mighty Standard fhould be fet up: AzAZEL (q), a powerful Cherub, claimed that proud Honour as his Right; who forthwith from the glittering Staff spread out the Imperial Enfign; which lifted up high, fhone like a Comet ftreaming to and fro in the Wind, adorned with rich Workmanship and golden Luftre, being Seraphic Trophies and Arms; mean Time the warlike Mufic of SATAN, was blowing with fuch Sounds as ftir up to Battle; at which the whole Army fent up a Shout that shook Hell, and pierced farther to the great Space. In a Moment Ten Thousand Banners were feen to rife through the Gloom into the Air, waving with Colours fuch as are feen in the Sun at his Rifing; and with them were lifted up a vaft Number of Spears, and Helmets, and Shields, joined together in Order of Battle, of extream great Depth. Soon after they begin to move in exact Order, not unlike the GREEKS to the Sound of Flutes and Pipes, fuch as raised the Spirits of the Heroes (r) of old to nobleft Heights, and breathed deliberate, firm, and unmoved Valour, inftead of Rage, with lefs Dread of Death, than of Flight, or Cowardice: Nor did fuch Mufick want Power to mitigate and affwage, with folemn and grave Sounds, troubled Thoughts; and to drive away Anguifh, Doubts, Fears, Pain, or Sorrow, from the Minds of Mortals or Immortals. (9) Azazel, or Gnazazel; Heb. i. e. A Goat going away, or fent away. The Scape Goat, which bore all the Sins of the People into the Wilderness, and died there, Levit. xvi. 7. A Type of Chrift. But others take it for a Devil, therefore Milton very properly makes him to be Satan's Standard-Bearer in (r) Heroes; Lat. Gr. i. e. Great THUS, i THUS they, united with all their Force, and fix'd in Thought, march'd on in Silence, to foft Pipes, that in fome Measure eas'd their painful Steps over the burnt Soil: And now, they stand advanc'd in Sight, a terrible Front, dreadful in Length, and in dazzling Armour, after the Manner of old Warriors, with Spear and Shield, waiting what Command their mighty Chief had to give out; he cafts his experienced Eye thro' the armed Files, and crofs the whole Battalion, by which Means he obferved their due Order, their Countenances, and Statures, fhewing them like Gods; at laft he numbers them. AND now his Heart fwells with Pride, and valuing himself upon his Strength he glories; for never fince did ever any created Man meet fuch Force, not in the moft numerous and powerful Armies, which if nam'd with thefe, could only deferve to be compar'd to a fmall People in INDIA, known to us by the Name of Pigmies; tho' all the Brood of Giants that are faid to have made War against the Gods, were joined with the Race of Heroes, who fought at THEBES (s) and TROY (t), with auxiliary Deities mix'd on each Side; (3) Thebes, Lat. Gr. from the Phan. i. e. Dirt or Mud; becaufe it was covered with Water, Snow and Dirt in the Win. ter Time. A famous City of Badtia in Greece, built by Cadmus, or at least the Citadel of it, which was called Cadmea, from him. There Cadmus with his Heroes fought: There allo Efiocles and Polynices Sons of Oedipus, fought one against another; and there Hercules the Giant was born, who flew the Centaurs, the Nemean Lion, the Monster and Hydra, and the wild Boar of Erymanthus, near Thebes, &c. (t) Troy, Ilium, Ilion and Ilios; Lat. from the Gr. from Ilus the fourth King of Troy, who en Jarged it, and gave it that Name. It is called alfo Troy, from Tros, the fecond King; founded by Erythonius, about A. M. 2574. The City of Tray in Phrygia, in the Leffer Afia, three Miles from the Egean Sea, upon the River Xanthus, near Mount Ida. What Heroes fought there on both Sides, while the Greeks befieged E it Book I. and what makes a great Noise in Fable or Romanc of King ARTHUR (u) attended by BRITISH (x) Knights, and all those who fince that, either Christian or Infidel, have distinguish'd themselves at Joufts (y) and Tournaments, in ASPRAMONT (z) or MONTALBAN (a), DAMASCUS (b), or MOROCCO (c), or TRE it ten Years, and then raz'd it, four hundred thirty-two Years before the Building of Rome, is well known to all, who have read Homer, Virgil, Ovid and other Poets. (u) King Arthur, Brit. i. e. A ftrong Man, King Arthur was crowned, A. D. 516, and was a famous Hero in old British Hiftory. They fay, he fought 12 Battles with the Saxons, with vaft Valour and Succefs. He combated alfo with many foreign Knights and Champions, died in the 90th Year of his Age, and 34th Year of his Reign. (x) British, of Britain, Hib. and Phan. i. e. The Land of Tin: or Brit. i. e. painted, because the old Phænicians dug Tin out of Cornwall, &c. and the old Britons painted themselves with Woad, &c. to make themselves appear more terrible in War, as the Picts in Scotland, and the wild Americans do to this Day. (y) Foufts, which was a very antient Diversion, when the Combatants mounted on Horfeback, armed, adorned with Feathers and Lances in their Hands, run at one another a full Gallop, one on one Side, and the other on the other Side of a low Rail. This Sort of Exercife (called Joufts and Tournaments in the Old French) was first introduced into Germany, at Magdeburg, A. D. 835, by Henry called the Fowler, a Saxon Prince, who was elected Emperor of Germany fome time after Charles the Great by Manuel Comnenus, Emperor of Conftantinople, about A. D. 1114. by K. Henry IV. in Smithfield, before the English Nobility, A. D. 1409. But was used among the Saxons, as a Trial of Manhood and Innocence; and called by them Kamp Fight, now by us a Duel and Combat: Lat. Fr. i. e. A Fight between two Men. (x) Afpramont; Lat. i. e. Á rough, rocky Mountain; a feigned Name in old Romances. (a) Montalban; Lat. i. e. A white Mountain. A Mountain diftant twelve Miles from Rome in Italy; whereon the decifive Combat was fought between the three Horatii on the Side of the Romans, and the three Curiatii, on that of the Albans. Some take it alfo for Montaubain, in France, and others, for a feigned Name in Romances. (b) Damafcus; For therein it is faid that Cain and Abel the first Heroes fought for Life and Death, Gen. iv. 8. (c) Morocco; Heb. i. e. Weft, or Arab, i. e. A Government, Gr. i. e. Black; because it is West TREBISOND (d); or those who were fent from the Shores of AFRICK (e), when the Powers of (f) CHAR Weft from Canaan, and the People are Black. The Romans called it Mauritania, i. e. The Country of the Mauri, whom we call Moors and Blacks. A large, pleafant and fruitful Kingdom in Africa, upon the Atlantic Ocean. It is three hundred Miles long, and one hundred and eighty Miles broad; and is divided into feven Provinces. Morocco is very large and was the capital City of it; but now Fez enjoys the Honour. This Country contains many Roman Antiquities ftill. Here King Juba acted the Hero with Pompey, Curio, Scipio, Cæfar, &c. (d) Trebifond, or Trabifond; by the Greeks, Trapeza, i. e. a four-footed Stool, because it refembles that. The capital City of Cappa docia, and the Seat of a Turkish Governor, near the Eu xine Sea. This Country is faid to have been the Land of the Amazons, afterward the Seat of the Parthian Empire. Alexis Comnennus founded this Empire, when the Turks took Conflantino ple from him, A. D. 1204. Muhammed the Great took it from the Greeks, A. D. 1461, fo it has continued in their Poffeffion. The Greeks now call it Romania, through a Miftake. (e) Afric, for African, from Africa, Arab. i. e. An Ear f. Corn, because it is very fruitful in Corn in the Vallies; or from Ifrifki or Ifriskish, an Arabian Prince. The Tartars and Indians call it Magrib and Al-Grib, j. e. The W, on Account of LEMAIN its Situation in Respect to them. Its ancient Names were Olympia, Oceana, Efchatia, Coryphe, Hefperia, Eria, Ortygia, Ammonia, Ethiopia, Ophiufa, Cephenia, Cyrene, Lybia: Africa is the largest Peninsula in this Part of the World, encompass'd with the Sea, except the Ifthmus of Suez, which is eighteen Leagues or fixty-four Miles long. It is one of the four grand Parts of the Earth, larger than Afia, extending from N. to S. about four-thousand eight hundred Miles, and from E. to W. about four thousand eight-hundred Miles. It lies almost under the Torrid Zone, is exceffively hot, barren and fandy, very imperfectly known to the Ancients, who thought it was not habitable, and even to us this Day, in the inland Regions. It was peopled by the Potterity of Ham, who bear his Curfe to this Day, for they havė been always Slaves to other Nations, Gen. xi. 26. Christianity flourish'd there in the first Ages, Tertullian, St. Augustine, St. Cy prian, were glorious Lights therein; but alas! now they are almoft all Heathens and Muhammedans. Christianity was weakned by the Invafion of the Goths and Saracens, and laftly of the Muhammedans, A. D. 72z. (f) Charlemain; Fr. i. e. Charles the Great. In the Teut. and Sax. it fignifies ftrong, flour, valiant. A mighty Hero, a va liant and pious Prince, born A. D. 742. He was King of France, and made Emperor of Germany, E 2 |