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VI. Non ipsum Deum, sed tantum dona Dei in credentibus habitare.

VII. Fidem ideo salutem nobis conferre, quod novitas illa, quæ in dilectione erga Deum et proximum consistit, per fidem in nobis inchatur.

VI. That not God himself dwells, but only the gifts of God dwell in believers.

VII. That faith bestows salvation upon us for the reason that that renewal which consists in love towards God and our neighbor, commences in us through faith.

VIII. Fidem in justificationis VIII. That faith in the matter negotio primas quidem partes te- of justification holds, indeed, the nere, sed tamen etiam renovatio- first place, but that renewal and nem et caritatem ad justitiam charity also appertain to our rightnostram coram Deo pertinere, ita eousness before God, so that renewut renovatio et caritas quidem al and charity, indeed, are not the non sit principalis causa nostra principal cause of our righteousness, justitiæ: sed tamen justitiam no- but yet that our righteousness bestram coram Deo (si absint reno- fore God (if renewal and charity vatio et caritas) non esse inte- be wanting) is not whole and pergram et perfectam. fect.

IX. Credentes in Christum co- IX. That believers in Christ are ram Deo justos esse et salvos, si- righteous and saved before God, mul per imputatam Christi ju- both through the imputed rightstitiam, et per inchoatam novam eousness of Christ and through the obedientiam, vel, partim quidem new obedience which is begun in per imputationem justitia Chri- them, or partly, indeed, through the sti, partim vero per inchoatam imputation of the righteousness of novam obedientiam.

X. Promissionem gratiæ nobis applicari per fidem in corde, et præterea etiam per confessionem, quæ ore fit, et per alias virtutes.

Christ, and partly through the new obedience which is begun in them.

X. That the promised grace is appropriated to us by the faith of the heart, and also by the confession of the mouth, and moreover, also, by other virtuous acts.

XI. Fidem non justificare sine bonis operibus, itaque bona opera necessario ad justitiam requiri, et good works are necessarily required

XI. That faith does not justify without good works, that therefore

absque eorum præsentia hominem | for righteousness, and that inde

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I. Primum schisma inter Theo- I. The first schism among certain logos quosdam factum est, cum theologians arose when some asalii assererent, bona opera neces- serted, that good works are necsaria esse ad salutem, impossibile essary to salvation, and that it is esse salvari sine bonis operibus, impossible to be saved without good et neminem unquam sine bonis works, and that no one was ever operibus salvatum esse: alii vero saved without good works; while docerent, bona opera ad salutem others taught that good works are esse perniciosa. detrimental to salvation.

II. Alterum schisma inter Theo- II. The other schism has arisen logos nonnullos super vocabulis between certain divines concerning 'necessarium' et 'liberum' ortum the terms necessary and free. For est. Altera enim pars contendit, the one part contends that the term vocabulum ‘necessarium' non esse necessary should not be used conusurpandum de nova obedientia: cerning the new obedience, for that eam enim non a necessitate qua- this flows not from any necessity dam et coactione, sed a spontaneo or constraint, but from a volunspiritu [aus freiwilligen Geiste] tary spirit. But the other part promanare. Altera vero pars judges that the term necessary vocabulum ‘necessarium' prorsus should by all means be retained, retinendum censuit: propterea, inasmuch as this obedience is not quod illa obedientia non in no- left to our mere will, and therestro arbitrio posita et libera sit, fore is not free, but that regenersed homines renatos illud obse- ate men are bound to render such quium debere præstare. service.

Et dum de commemoratis illis And out of this discussion convocabulis disputatum est, tandem cerning the aforementioned terms etiam de reipsa fuit discepta- there arose at length a dispute contum. Alii enim contenderunt, cerning the material fact. For some Legem apud Christianos prorsus have contended that the law ought non esse docendam, sed tantum- not to be taught at all among Chrismodo doctrina Evangelii homines tians, but that men should be inad bona opera invitandos esse: vited to good works by the doctrine alii hanc opinionem impugna- of the gospel alone. Others have

runt.

AFFIRMATIVA.

impugned this opinion.

AFFIRMATIVE.

Sincera Ecclesiæ doctrina de hac controver- The sound doctrine of the Church concerning

sia.

Ut ha controversia solide et dextre explicentur atque decidantur, hæc nostra fides, doctrina et confessio est.

I. Quod bona opera veram fidem (si modo ea non sit mortua, sed viva fides) certissime atque indubitato sequantur, tanquam fructus bona arboris.

this controversy.

In order that these controversies may be solidly and judiciously explained and decided, the following is our faith, doctrine, and confession:

I. That good works' must certainly and without all doubt follow a true faith (provided only it be not a dead but a living faith), as fruits of a good tree.

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II. Credimus etiam, docemus et II. We believe, also, teach, and confitemur, quod bona opera pe- confess that good works are wholly nitus excludenda sint, non tan- to be excluded, not only when the tum cum de justificatione fidei righteousness of faith is treated of, agitur, sed etiam cum de salute but also when the matter of our nostra æterna disputatur, sicut eternal salvation is discussed, as the Apostolus perspicuis verbis tes- apostle bears witness in clear words, tatur, cum ait (Rom. iv. 6): 'Sicut when he says (Rom. iv. 6): Even et David dicit, beatitudinem ho- as also David describeth the blessminis, cui Deus accepto fert edness of the man to whom God im

'Good works do spring out necessarily of a true and lively faith; insomuch that by them a lively faith may be as evidently known as a tree discerned by the fruit.'-XII. Article of the Church of England.

justitiam sine operibus. Beati, puteth righteousness without works, quorum remissæ sunt iniquitates, saying, Blessed are they whose inet quorum tecta sunt peccata. iquities are forgiven, and whose sins Beatus vir, cui non imputavit are covered. Blessed is the man to Dominus peccatum, etc. Et alibi whom the Lord hath not imputed (Eph. ii. 8 sq.): 'Gratia,' inquit, sin.' And elsewhere (Eph. ii. 8 sq.): 'estis salvati, per fidem, et hoc By grace,' saith he, 'are ye saved non ex vobis, Dei enim donum through faith; and that not of yourest, non ex operibus, ne quis glo- selves, for it is the gift of God-not rietur.' of works, lest any man should boast.' III. We believe, teach, and con

III. Credimus, docemus et confitemur, omnes quidem homines, fess that all men, indeed, but præcipue vero eos, qui per Spi- chiefly those who through the ritum Sanctum regenerati sunt Holy Spirit are regenerated and et renovati, ad bona opera fa- renewed, are debtors to do good cienda debitores esse. works.

IV. Et in hac sententia vocabula IV. And in this decision those illa 'necessarium,' 'debere,' 'opor-words-'necessary,' 'ought,' 'it betere' ['nöthig,' 'sollen,' und 'müs- hooves'-are rightly used even of sen'] recte usurpantur, etiam de regenerate men, and are not inrenatis hominibus, et cum forma consistent with the form of sound sanorum verborum non pugnant. words.

V. Sed tamen per vocabula V. But, nevertheless, by the terms ‘necessitas,' ' necessarium, quando necessity, necessary, when we speak videlicet de renatis est sermo, of the regenerate, we are not to non intelligenda est coactio, sed understand constraint, but only tantum debita illa obedientia, that bounden obedience which true quam vere credentes, quatenus believers, so far as they are regenrenati sunt, non ex coactione, erate, render, not of constraint or aut compulsu legis, sed libero compulsion of the law, but of a et spontaneo spiritu præstant, free and spontaneous spirit: inasquandoquidem non amplius sub much as they are no longer under lege sunt, sed sub gratia (Rom. the law, but under grace (Rom. vi. vi. 14; vii. 6; viii. 14). 14; vii. 6; viii. 14).

VI. Credimus igitur, docemus

VI. We believe, therefore, teach,

et confitemur, cum dicitur, rena- and confess that when it is said

tos bene operari libero et spon- that the regenerate do good works taneo spiritu, id non ita acci- of a free and spontaneous spirit, piendum esse, quod in hominis this is not to be so understood as renati arbitrio relictum sit, bene that it is left to the regenerate man's aut male agere, quando ipsi vi- option to do well or ill whenever sum fuerit, ut nihilominus ta- it may seem good to him, so that men fidem retineat, etiamsi in he retains faith, even though of set peccatis ex proposito perseveret. purpose he persevere in sins. VII. Hoc tamen non aliter, VII. That this, nevertheless, is not quam de spiritu hominis jam to be understood except of the spirit liberato intelligendum est, sicut of man when set free, even as Christ hanc rem ipse Christus, ejusque himself and his apostles set forth Apostoli declarant (Rom. viii. this matter, to wit: that the liber15): quod videlicet spiritus ho- ated spirit of man does good works, minis liberatus bene operetur, not, as a slave, from fear of punishnon formidine pœnæ, ut serment, but from love of righteousvus, sed justitiæ amore, qualem ness, such as is the obedience which obedientiam filii præstare so- children are wont to render (Rom. lent. viii. 15).

VIII. Hanc vero libertatem spi- VIII. But we acknowledge that ritus in electis Dei filiis non this liberty of spirit in the elect perfectam, sed multiplici infir- children of God is not perfect, mitate adhuc gravatam agnosci- but is as yet weighed down with mus, quemadmodum D. Paulus manifold infirmity, as St. Paul lasuper ea re de sua ipsius per- ments concerning himself about sona conqueritur (Rom. vii. 14 this matter (Rom. vii. 14-25; Gal. sqq.; Gal. v. 17). v. 17).

IX. Illam tamen infirmitatem IX. This infirmity, nevertheless, Dominus electis suis non impu- the Lord, for the sake of Christ tat, idque propter Mediatorem the Mediator, does not impute to Christum. Sic enim scriptum his elect. For so it is written est (Rom. viii. 1): Nihil jam (Rom. viii. 1): There is therefore damnationis est his, qui in Chri- now no condemnation to them sto Jesu sunt.' which are in Christ Jesus.'

X. Credimus præterea, docemus et confitemur, fidem et salu

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X. We believe, moreover, teach, and confess that faith and salvation

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