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Now let us

eral inheritances, $7,365 65, and so forth.
see how the accounts stands with York county: tax on
dividends of York bank, $1,957 16-tavern licenses, $3,-
117-duties on dealers in Foreign merchandize, $1,730,-
56-colateral inheritances, $94 38-making an aggre-
gate of $6,893 27—in which is included every item.
Those different sources of revenue from the city will
be enlarged in proportion to her prosperity-whether
in a commercial or manufacturing point of view, or as
regards the increase of population and the extension in
buildings and other improvements.

communication complete? For all these advantages, Maryland has even refused to let us make a rail road lateral to the Baltimore and Ohio; and this too, after we had given them permission to make it through our territory. And what, I would inquire, has Baltimore, or the state of Maryland, done for Pennsylvania? nothing! and by her refusal to allow us the privilege of a lateral way, we may safely conclude, that she never will do any thing. Why, therefore, shall we throw away these immense advantages-at least one half of the trade which will arrive at Columbia, and of course some hundred thousand dollars of tolls-before we shall have discover- The produce, lumber, &c. which descend the river ed, that it is impossible to convey all the produce and Susquehanna every spring, amount in value to between other articles to market by our canals, or on our own three and four millions of dollars. The tolls on this road? and when we shall have a debt of from fifteen to trade, independent of the immediate profits, will be imtwenty millions to pay, and the only means of payment, mense, and the revenue will be augmented by the conwithout a resort to heavy taxes, are the toils, and the version of the raw materials into various manufactures, revenue expected to be derived from the commercial by the erection of manufactories, store houses and dwelmetropolis of our own state, in her increased prosperity. lings, by the labor of artisans and mechanics-by the The grand object of the scheme of internal improve-purchase and sale of all kinds of goods, foreign and doment was to unite the Eastern with the Western waters, mestic-by additional shipping both for exports and imfor the purpose of bringing the trade and produce of ports, by the active and general employment of her citi the North and West to our own seaboard, for the benefit zens. The profits arising from these changes and cirof our own citizens. The Schuylkill navigation (or ca- cumstances, and the trade consequent on them, will nal,) the Union Canal, the Chesapeake and Delaware amount to many millions of dollars. The whole of which canal, and the Lehigh canal have been made principal- will be for the benefit of the people of the state, and ly through Philadelphia enterprise, and by Philadelphia the revenue. These are the advantages which the Balcapital, to the amount of nearly ten millions of dollars, timoreans aim at, it is not the tolls exactly, nor the proin consequence of the contemplated improvements by duce. The following extract from a report of a comthe state; and nearly all the money which the Pennsyl-mittee of the house of delegates of Maryland upon the vania canals and rail roads have so far cost, has come subject of a memorial, presented some years since, will from Philadelphia. The state is therefore pledged, as give an idea of the importance attached to the trade of much as if she had entered into a written compact, to the Susquehanna and the interior of this state. give Philadelphia the trade of the interior in return. Nor can she in any manner, without a violation of her faith to the city, divide or distribute it till she has first ascertained that her own canals and rail roads are insufficient for the transportation of the whole of it.

"The establishment of a boat navigation upon the Susquehanna would secure the investment and expenditure of this large sum, (granted by the legislature of Pennsylvania, for the improvement of the Susquehanna above Middletown, and making roads,) amounting in I do not mean sir, that we should overlook the inter- the present year to a million of dollars, with the state of ests of that section of the country from which the appli- Maryland, and the reasonable profits on which would incation comes in form-the county of York, or even of crease the wealth and revenues of the state, and give the neighboring counties. Nor do I think, that they employment to a number of her citizens; at the same ought to complain of being neglected. Before the plan time the improvement of the navigation would every of internal improvement by means of canals and rail year increase the quantity of produce brought down, roads was commenced, the state had liberally aided the the exports would mount up, her revenues flourish in different turnpike roads and bridge companies, the most the multiplication of the objects of taxation, retailers of them being located in those counties which the more and ordinary licenses become productive, and an activi. recent improvements have not reached, out of funds ty be given to the employment of capital which would accruing chiefly from taxes, duties, &c. paid by Phila- naturally attract it to us from other quarters, and the delphia and the lower counties. Besides York, has ad- benefits would be transferred through the whole state." vantages not possessed by many other parts of the state. Sir, it would not only be a cause of gratification to They have, or shortly will have a communication by the every Pennsylvanian to see the commercial metropolis Codorus with the Susquehanna, and with the Pennsyl- of his state flourish, but it should be his boast, that she vania canal and rail road; and they will shortly have a has not a rival,-and setting aside every other consider. communication with Baltimore, by the rail road to the ation, and disregarding every claim the inhabitants may line, excepting seventeen miles; and they already have have on the friendship and protection of the legislature, good turnpike roads to that city. But shall the county it is the interest not only of the government, but of the of York, with the adjoining counties, together, equal in citizens individually, that Philadelphia should enlargo population to Philadelphia, be put in comparison with her boundaries-increase in her trade and manufactures her a district which has uniformly been against the in--extend her commerce and be in every respect presternal improvement of the state with the city, which gave the first impulse to it, and has produced some of the ablest advocates of the system-which has loaned the money to carry it on, and which now pays an amount of taxes into the Treasury, thirty times, at least, greater than it and the other counties of that part of the country opposed to internal improvement united? Philadelphia contributes directly and indirectly every year twothirds towards the revenue of the commonwealth, in auction duties and commissions, dividends on bank stocks, tax on bank dividends and offices, licenses, &c. &c. By turning to the report of the Auditor General, made at this session of the Legislature, it will be seen that the items of auction commissions and auction duties alone amount to $159,518 75; tax on bank dividends, $32,825 46—tax on licenses, $9,921 49—duties on dealers in Foreign merchandize, $20,394 86-collat

VOL. V

26

perous. Lead by these channels, the canals and rail roads, the products which nourish and sustain her, to her would be rival, and her decline, if not destruction, is inevitable, and when too late, it will be discovered, that although she was indebted to the country for her sup. port, she in return imparted life and energy to the country.

By means of the New York canals, the Baltimore and Ohio rail road, the Chesapeake and Ohio canal, the Delaware and Hudson canal, and the Morris canal we are drained in every quarter, except in the cast, and that the work may not remain incomplete, our kind and watchful neighbors of Baltimore have modestly offered to finish it by tapping us there also.

I repeat sir, without fear of being charged with illiberality, that as we have expended large sums of money to improve the interior of the state, and to facilitate the

transportation of the produce to market, we ought to se-
cure the benefits to our own citizens, and not give them
to those of another state who have in no wise contribu-
ted to the construction of those improvements, or will
never feel the weight of the debt which has been incur-
red for that purpose.
If Baltimore or the state of Ma-
ryland, will do as much towards completing our canals
and rail roads as has already been done by Philadelphia,
grant this road or any other, but not till then.

I shall not further trespass upon the time and patience of the house. I trust they will perceive the injustice which will be done, by the passage of this bill, to the people of the commonwealth, and that they will therefore negative it.

ments of our state will be alone for Baltimore.— But, sir, this is not the fact. The improvements are for the state at large, and not for either Baltimore or Philadelphia exclusively, Sir, it is to afford facility for obtaining a market for those who are now without them, and the more facilities they have the better; the more outlets for their produce the better; there is nothing like competition, the citizens cannot be injured but must be benefited by it. Sir, if the farmer can sell his produce as well, or the merchant purchase his goods to the same advantage in Philadelphia that he can in Baltimore, he will go there, but if he cannot, is there any good reason why he should be excluded from Baltimore -I think not-reason and common sense say not. Sir I am sure they cannot feel disposed so far to forget their Mr. DOUDEL in reply to Mr. Hassinger said-Mr. duty to their constiuents, as to say that Philadelphia Speaker: The motives of my constituents have been at- shall monoplize every thing,and that although your cititacked by the gentleman from the city of Philadelphia, zens can in every respect be better accommodated in (Mr. Hassinger.) They have been charged with wish- Baltimore, yet they shall go to Philadelphia at a loss.ing to promote the interest of Baltimore to the exclusion Sir, if this is to be the state of things it would have been of Philadelphia, and this project is termed by the gen- better that the earth had been left in its unbroken state, tleman, a Baltimore project. Sir, on their behalf I deny and that you had never spent one dollar on any of your this charge. It is sir, a project of their own to make a public works. The Philadelphians have been amusing great public improvement, over their own territory, at their us for some years past with the idea of making a rail road own expense, asking for no ther privileges than are every from Columbia to York, but sir, it is all idle talk-they day granted to your citizens of other parts of the state. have never given us any evidence, that they are at all I am not surprised at the opposition of gentlemen rep-in earnest about it, nor do I believe they ever were.— resenting the city of Philadelphia. Sir, they oppose Philadelphia has nothing to dread from this improveall improvements of the state, that do not directly pro- ment. Suppose sir, it is successful to its fullest extent, mote the interest of their own constituents, and with all it will only secure to Baltimore the trade she now has, their clamour about internal improvement, and all their which sir, I do contend does not injure Philadelphia, for boasted patriotism, we find that if they have to contrib- our produce goes to Baltimore, is there sold, the money ute in the smallest degree more than those who are not for it is brought to York and taken from there to Phila in the least benefitted by it, they become restive and delphia and laid out for merchandize; one house alone dissatisfied; and their patriotism ceases. I would sir, in York purchases in Philadelphia 100,000 dollars worth barely refer you to their late opposition to the tax on of goods annually. This sir, is the course of business. coal, an opposition which carried several of them so far The York county merchants purchase comparatively as to vote against the whole improvement bill. Sir, this but few goods in Baltimore, nor do I believe it will evis the selfish policy pursued by these Philadelphia pater be otherwise. Sir, is not what we ask in all respects riots. This legislature is not here to legislate for Phila- reasonable;-Do we not contribute our full portion as delphia alone, there are other parts of the state, sir, as citizens to all public improvements and to the support much entitled to its fostering care as that city. We are of government? Ought we not to have the same rights told that the city of Philadelphia contributes more to that the citizens of other parts of the state have? The the revenue of the state than any part of the state. But proposition is a plain and simple one; we have a comsir, is it not the custom of the country that causes them pany incorporated to make a slack water navigation on to contribute to the revenue? Are they entitled to any the Codorus creek, a fine stream of water which passes credit for that? Have they ever contributed one cent through the borough of York and empties into the Sustowards the internal improvements without receiving quehanna about ten miles below. We now ask for an their equivalent? If so, sir, I appeal to the gentlemen to act of incorporation to make a rail way from the head of show me in what way and at what time. Where sir, this navigation to the Maryland line over 17 miles of our when the state was in difficulty during the late summer, own territory, at our own expense, and for our own use was the boasted patriotism of the city of Philadelphia and benefit. Will you deny it to us? Have you ever reWhere then were her capitalists? That was the time fused to incorporate a company in any other section of for her to have shown her sincerity in her love for inter- the state for the same purpose? And if you have not, nal improvements, but did they then, sir, come forward where is the justice in refusing this? I do hope sir, this and take your loans? No sir, instead of releaving the bill will pass. Our claim 1 do conceive to be supportState, they did every thing in their power to embarrassed by the principles of equity, justice and reason, and cannot believe, that an enlightened legislature will reject it.-Reporter.

her.

PENNSYLV'A RAIL ROAD TERMINATION,
At Market Street.

The gentleman has said that the representatives of the county of York, have invariably voted against the state improvements. If sir, the gentlemen had taken the pains, to inform himself, he would have found that he was not supported in his assertion by facts. For altho' York county cannot by any possibility receive the least advantage from the present scheme of improvement, two of her members of this house and the member of the senate from York county, did vote for the passage of the bill in 1827-28, and had it not been for the extravagance of the system, I believe the representation of the County would have been still in favour of it. But sir, the representatives of the city are unwilling that any part of the commonwealth should be improved, even at the expense of the citizens who are alone benefitted by it,unless it is to the promotion of the interests of her own citizens. Sir, the gentleman from Philadelphia talks about your permitting Baltimore to tap your canal, that it is a Baltimore project, and that the improvement.

Certificate of Mr. John Conroy, City Corder on Schuylkill. I have resided on the Schuylkill since the year 1814, and during the whole period of my residence there, there has been hardly a day, except when prevented by sickness, that I have not been down on the river. I have witnessed a good many freshets during that time, and was present at the great ice freshet of the 21st and 22d February, 1822. That the greatest height of that freshet, was about 4 o'clock in the afternoon of the 21st, and I then noted its height on the north and south sides of the castern abutment of the Permanent Bridge at Market street, and afterwards marked them on the abut

These macks I have shown this afternoon to

1830.]

PENNSYLVANIA RAIL ROAD TERMINATION.

Samuel Haines, Esq. the City Surveyor. That after 4 o'clock the river fell, and rose again at 12 o'clock the same night to about the same height. This I know from living in a house, at the time, near the river, and the water having risen to within an inch of the lower floor of it. I sat up all night to watch its progress. During the freshet, the water and ice ran round on the low ground west of the western abutment, and prevented the access to the bridge for some time. The water and ice did not leave the low ground until about sun down on the 22d.

I am of opinion, that if the low ground to the west had been filled up at that time with an embankment, so as to prevent the water and ice from running round the western abutment, that such was the body of water and ice, and the rapidity with which it rose, that the present bridge might, in all probability, have been carried away.

March 6th, 1830.

JOHN CONORY.

City Surveyor's Certificate.

I do certify, that at the request of the Permanent Bridge Company, I went this day and took the heights of the freshet of March, 1784, and February, 1822. The height of the freshet of 1784, which was many years before any Permanent Bridge was erected over the Schuylkill, as appears by a mark on the eastern abutment of the bridge, was 10 feet 84 inches. Mr. John Conory, the City Corder on the Schuylkill, pointed out to me a mark on the north side of the eastern abutment of the bridge as the height of the freshet of February 1822. This I ascertained to be 10 feet, being only 8 inches below that of 1784. Mr. Conory also showed me a mark on the south side of the same abutment, and I ascertain ed this mark was 4 feet 3 inches below the mark on the north side, showing a descent of the water of 4 feet 3 inches, in passing the width of the abutment, which is 42 feet.

I also levelled the ground west of the western abutment, and found that 65 feet west from the coping of the northern wing wall of the bridge, the ground was 11 inches, and at 127 feet 9 inches west, only 8 inches above high water mark.

SAMUEL HAINS, City Surveyor. Philadelphia, March 6th, 1830.

Certificate of Mr. Frederick Erdmann.

I do certify, that at the request of the Permanent Bridge Company, I measured, on the 5th March, 1830, the several distances between the piers and abutments of the Schuylkill Permanent Bridge, at Market street. The following are the measurements-the wharf at the eastern abutment measures 54 feet 8 inches, from the masonry to the extremity of the wharf; and the wharf at the western abutment, in the same way, measures 22 feet 6 inches. The distance from the extremity of the wharf at the eastern abutment to the eastern pier, at high water, is 92 feet 44 inches, and between the two piers, is 190 feet 8 inches, and from the west side of the western pier to the extremity of the western abutment, is 124 feet 10 inches, making the clear water way at high water 407 feet 10 inches at the Permanent Bridge. The eastern pier, at high water mark, measures in thickness 23 feet 7 inches, and the western pier 23 feet

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centre, and one on each side. The ribs of the side arches are supported by the abutments and piers, and the centre arch by the piers. The solidity and safety of these ribs, depend, of course, on the solidity and firmness, and weight of masonry of the abutments, The ribs are connected and held together by ties, and by horizontal and vertical braces, which commence at one abutment, and are carried on to the other. All these are essential to prevent the side vibration, and buckling of the ribs, and without which the whole superstruc ture must sooner or later fall. The skuebacks of the side arches are supported by the masonry of the abut

ments.

The alteration proposed by Mr. Strickland, in the first place, contemplates two openings, or arched ways, through each abutment, each to be from eight to twelve feet wide. Each abutment is forty-two feet in width and will be therefore cut into three sections; one in the centre, and one on each side; so that instead of fortytwo feet of solid masonry to support the structure as it now is, there will be but from eighteen to twenty-six feet of disconnected masonry to support the present bridge and its proposed addition.

It is also proposed to carry eleven feet headway in the clear, between the present platform, or travelling way of the bridge, and the platform of the proposed addition. This must cut away all the ties, and horizontal and vertical braces, to that height, from one end of the bridge to the other, and would leave the three ribs of each arch disconnected and separated from each other. The highest part of the present travelling way is in the centre, and that would be only eight feet above the headway of the Railway bridge below, and the only connexion left between the ribs of the arches must be within the small space left above the headway.

We are of opinion, that the cuttings proposed through the mound and curtain walls of the abutments, (which we consider parts of the abutments,) would take off that necessary weight at the top, which is essential to the safety and security of the bridge. This applies even in a stronger degree to the western abutment, which, being built on piles, has already cracked, and which is barely sufficient, in its present state, to answer its present end.

We are also of opinion, that the cutting, which is inevitable, of the ties and the horizontal and vertical braces, as before described, would leave the bridge locse, and subject to great vibration; and which, in case of heavy gales of wind, or of the passage of heavy burdens, would in all probability cause the breaking of the ribs, and the destruction of the superstructure.

To obtain a clear headway of eleven feet from the travelling way, the proposed Rail Road platform must be set on the level of the skucbacks of the arches at the abutments, and instead of arched ways, there would be open holes below the present travelling ways. These would interfere most materially with the ordinary travel of the bridge, and particularly on the western side, where the two entrances to them approach from the west. If, in addition to these lines of Railway, as we suppose is intended to be the case, "the Railway tracks are to be continued in a straight line down Market st.," we cannot conceive how there can be any accommoda tion for the ordinary travel of the bridge, the splay of the wings at the toll-bouse being only sixty-two feet.

To obtain the clear headway of eleven feet, the top of the platform must be on a level with the skuebacks, which are sunk into the piers about twelve inches, and bringing the platform to its smallest dimensions, the bottom will fall at least three feet from the top of the coping of the piers, which would bring it within the reach of the freshets of 1784 and 1822. The height of the embankment contemplated to the west, would of course greatly increase the damages from the rises of

the water.

We are of opinion, that from the spans of the arches of the Permanent Bridge being so great, no framing can

be adopted for the flooring of the Rail Road way, under the flooring of the present structure, that would bear its own weight.

It must therefore be suspended to the present superstructure, as weakened by the cuttings proposed, and depend upon it entirely for support. This would not strengthen, but weaken the present structure; and, by the increased burden of the two travelling ways, the vi- | bration of this bridge would be so great, as in the course of time to render the upper and lower bridges entirely

unfit for use.

March 6th, 1830.

FREDERICK GRAFF,
FREDERICK ERDMANN.

A quaker lady advised pastor Schmidt to leave Germantown, so earnestly, that he without delay availed himself of her kind and friendly advice; the day after some official duties induced him to go back to Germantown; on his return it being dark, he had concluded to stay for the remainder of the night at a public house above Germantown, kept then by a man, who was called Butcher Michael; he had not been long there before a detachment of 15 American horsmen arrived. Pastor Schmidt now concluded it best to continue bis journey home; the officer warmly pressed him to remain, stating that he considered the road dangerous for travellers at night; he at length partly consented to stay and strongly advised the officer to place sentinels on the road below, and above the house; this the officer declined doing, as quite unnecessary, but at length was persuaded PHILADELPHIA, March 6, 1830. to place a sentinel on the road below the house; the Having been applied to by the President of the Per- horsmen were soon asleep on the floor. Pastor Schmidt manent Bridge Company, to give my opinion respect- became so uneasy, that he determined to depart, and iming the proposed plan of making an opening through mediately ordered his horse to be saddled, and rode athe abutments and piers, for the purpose of construct-way; half an hour after his departure, a troop of British ing a Railway bridge, to be suspended or supported by horse came by the road above the house, surprized the the arches of the present bridge, I have no hesitation in American detachment, and killed all but one man, who saying, that the execution of such a plan would be de- after firing his pistol, was so fortunate as to make his cidedly injurious to the Permanent Bridge, and, at the escape. same time, would fail in answering the purpose for which it is designed.

Opinion of Major Wilson.

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SALE OF REAL ESTATE.-Sheriff Alison, at his sale
last week in Upper Oxford-struck off the well improv
ed farm of 102 acres, and 99 perches, belonging to
James Parker, for
$2,180 00

The Factory establishment with numerous
buildings, 165 acres and 50 perches of
land, for

13-5 feet,

-6,000 00

27.5

14 feet

The tract of land adjoining, containing 90
acres and 47 perches, for
Another tract of 337 acres, with some build-
ings, for

1,195 00

2,800 00

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The following anecdote belongs to the article on the Lutheran Congregation at Germantown, in the present number-but not being received until the first form had gone to press-it conld not be placed in its appropriate situation.

A tract of 98 acres in West Pallowfield, from
which the timber had principally taken
leave, for

And the cut-down timber thereon, for

S00 00

30 00

Making this amount, 12,505 00 for the real estate of Mr. Parker; which left a large amount of debt unsatisfied.

At the public sale, on Saturday last, of lots belonging to the estate of William Hemphill, dec. in West-Chester. Lot No. 1-Situated in Gay-street, near the Catholic Chapel, 50 feet in front, sold for 16 dollars and 6 cents per foot-$802 50 for a building lot. No. 2, same dimensions-$15 10 per foot in front. No. 4, do do 11 00- do do V. Rec.

EXPENSES OF GOVERNMENT. General Table of the Expenses of "Government," from On page 142 of the present volume, we published a 1791 to 1829 excepting 1804, which was omitted in consequence of not being able to procure the auditor The house in which pastor Schmidt lived, was general's report of that year. This we have, however, one of two houses which now form the double by the kindness of a friend at Harrisburgh, since obtainhouse at present, or lately occupied by Mr. Bill-ed, and in order to render the whole series complete myer, printer. A party was sent by the enemy to burn the house, but with orders to spare the one next to his, then belonging to Mr.- a good and loyal subject of his majesty; accordingly they made a large fire in the kitchen chimney, before which they placed a large door, which taking fire communicated the flames to the building; the fire raged so furiously, that the next house was in iminent danger of being destroyed, which being reported to the commanding officer, he sent a detachment to extinguish the fire, which was done; but the house had been so much injured, that on pastor Schmidt's return to Germantown, he could not Occupy it, but rented the house next to his old dwelling, where he continued until he left Germantown.

we now publish the expenditures of that year. Agreeably to promise we now offer another table exhibiting the expenses of the "Legislative department,” more in detail, and a second table, showing the duration of the sessions, laws passed &c. &c. We will hereafter furnish similar tables, of the other departments. Though embraced in a small compas, these tables, cost us much time, labor and research, but when completed, will we think furnish such a view of the statistics of our state, as has never been presented to the public, since the organization of the government.

EXPENSES OF THE LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT

OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA FROM THE YEAR 1791 TO 1829 INCLUSIVE.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

1830.

EXPENSES OF GOVERNMENT OF PENNS'A.

205

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THIS Includes Clerks.

† THIS sum includes 1560 40 expences and fees for trial of Judges-also transcribing amount not specified. # Includes extra Session.

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