The elephant has native, bony strength: Irritated or not, he bears prodigious burthens, and crushes all on which he treads. An irritated wasp has strength of a totally different kind; but both have compactness for their foundation, and, especially, the firmness of construction.

All porosity destroys strength.

The strength, like the understanding, of a man is discovered by its being more or less compact. The elasticity of a body has signs so remarkable that they will not permit us to confound such body with one that is not elastic. How manifest are the varieties of strength, between the foot of an elephant and a stag; a wasp and a fly!

Tranquil, firm strength, is shown in the proportions of the form, which ought rather to be short than long.

In the thick neck, the broad shoulders, and the countenance; which, in a state of health, is rather bony than fleshy.

In the short, compact, and knotty forehead; and, especially, when the sinus frontales are visible, but not too far projecting; flat in the middle, or suddenly indented, but not in smooth cavities.

In horizontal eyebrows, situated near the eye.

Deep eyes, and stedfast look.

In the broad firm nose, bony near the forehead; and, especially, in its straight, angular, outlines.

In short, thick, curly hair of the head, and beard.

In short, broad teeth, standing close to each other. In compact lips, of which the under rather projects than retreats. In the strong, prominent, broad chin.

In the strong, projecting os occipitis.

In the bass voice; the firm step; and in sitting still.

Elastic strength, the living power of irritability, must be discovered in the moment of action; and the firm signs must, afterward, be abstracted, when the excited power is once more at rest." This body, therefore, which at rest was capable of so little, acted and resisted so weakly, can, thus irritated, and with this degree of tension, become thus powerful."-On enquiry we shall find that this strength, awakened by irritation, generally resides in thin, tall, but not very tall, and bony, rather than muscular bodies: in bodies of dark, or pale, complexions; of rapid motion, joined with a certain

kind of stiffness; of hasty and firm walk; of fixed, penetrating look; and with open lips, but easily, and accurately, to be closed.

Signs of weakness are, disproportionate length of body; much flesh, little bone; extension; a tottering frame; a loose skin; round, obtuse, and, particularly, hollow outlines of the forehead and nose; smallness of nose and chin; little nostrils; the retreating chin; long, cylindrical, neck; the walk very hasty, or languid, without firmness of step; the timid aspect; closing eyelids; open mouth; long teeth; the jaw-bone long, but bent, toward the ear; whiteness of complexion; teeth inclined to be yellow, or green; fair, long, and tender hair; shrill voice.

IV.

MEDICINAL SEMEIOTICS; OR THE SIGNS OF HEALTH AND SICKNESS.

NOT I, but an experienced physician ought to write on the physiognomonical, and pathognomonical semeiotica of health and sickness, and describe the physiological character of the body, and its propensities to this or that disorder. I am beyond description ignorant with respect to the nature of disorders and their signs; still may I, in consequence of the few observations I have made, declare, with some certainty, by repeatedly examining the firm parts and outlines of the bodies and countenances of the sick, that it is not difficult to predict what are the diseases to which the man in health is most liable. Of what infinite importance would such physiognomonical semeiotics, or prognostics of possible or probable disorders be, founded on the nature and form of the body! How essential were it, could the physician say to the healthy, "You naturally have, some time in your life, to expect this or that disorder. Take the necessary prccautions against such or such a disease.

"The virus of the small-pox slumbers in your body, and may thus or thus be put in motion. Thus the hectic, thus the intermittent, and thus the putrid fever."--Oh how worthy, Zimmermann, would a treatise on physiognomonical Dietetice (or regimen) be of thee!

Whoever shall read this author's work, on Experience, will see how characteristically he describes various diseases which originate in the passions. Some quotations from this work, which will justify my wish, and contain the most valuable semeiotical remarks, cannot be unacceptable to the reader. The first is from Part I. chap. viii. page 401. f. "The observing mind examines the physiognomy of the sick, the signs of which extend over the whole body, but the progress and change of the disease is principally to be found in the countenance and its parts. Sometimes the patient carries the marks of his disease. In burning, bilious, and hectic fevers; in the chlorosis; the common and black jaundice; in worm cases."-(I, who know so little of physic, have several times discovered the disease of the tape worm in the countenance.)" In the furor uterinus, the least observant can read the disease. The more the countenance is changed, in