Viceroy Tuan Fang, whose important duties prevented his presence at Anking, has placed himself squarely on record in both these respects.

Progress at Anking Since 1899

work in China.

Dr. Woodward is to be congratulated

upon the outcome of his eight years' Going to the empire in the autumn of 1899, he was soon sent forward from Shanghai, where his first insight into the life of a medical missionary was gained, to Anking, then one of the least promising and most poorly equipped of the China stations. Setting to work at once with the limited means at his disposal he soon erected, at a cost of about $1,500, a hospital which, indifferent as it was in construction and equipment, was nevertheless infinitely better than anything that Anking had ever seen before. Working energetically with the Rev. Mr. Lindstrom, then in charge of the evangelistic work, and the Rev. Mr. Lee, who came later, Dr. Woodward contributed his full share to the steady development of the whole round of missionary service. The activities of the mission soon outgrew its equipment, so Dr. Woodward was selected to spend a few months, late in 1904 and early in 1905, in this country. Many will recall the characteristic zeal with which he placed before everyone the great need and opportunity at Anking. The response was gratifying. About $30,000 were given for the equipment of the mission. Since his return to China in the summer of 1905, Dr. Woodward and his associates have been busy with the long negotiations required for the purchase of property in China, and then with the tedious task of erecting, with Chinese labor, a building to conform to western construction and sanitary standards. The result of all this effort is seen to-day in a compound which has few equals in the China mission, in a hospital that certainly has no superiors in any part of the mission field, in a boys' school

7

that is growing apace and promises to develop into another Boone College, and in a steadily increasing evangelistic work in the city of Anking and for a radius of sixty or seventy miles around. The staff at Anking deserves the gratitude of home Christians for its large and statesmanlike plans and its energy in putting them into effect. We venture the prediction that within a few years there will be none of its work abroad upon which the Church at home will look with more just pride and satisfaction than upon that at Anking.

A

Double Duty for the Bishop of Idaho

S the Rev. Dr. Reese, of Nashville, has found it impossible, for health reasons, to accept his election by the General Convention to be Bishop of Wyoming, the Presiding Bishop has asked Bishop Funsten, of Idaho, to give episcopal oversight to Wyoming until a bishop can be elected. This Bishop Funsten has agreed to do. though it puts upon him a double measure of responsibility and complicates still further the question of securing adequate support for enterprises already under way. Going as he did, eight years ago, to a district where the Church had but little in the way of equipment, Bishop Funsten has had an even greater measure of anxiety than most missionary bishops, for to a considerable extent he had to create the instruments with which the work was to be done. After using to the utmost the means available for direct missionary effort in reaching people widely scattered in the towns and ranches, he found hospital and educational work indispensable, if the Church was to do her full duty to the community.

crowded, and to enlarge it has become an imperative duty. There was no wellequipped hospital in the district, but great need for one, so a venture of faith had to be made through the erection of St. Luke's. In less than five years it has become necessary to enlarge it to a present capacity of seventy beds. The editor, having been privileged to visit Boisé, knows personally of the telling work being done at St. Luke's and St. Margaret's. Every dollar invested in them has counted for good and has paid many hundred per cent. in the formation of Christian character-if such a product can be reckoned in the terms of finance. These two institutions stand as bulwarks of righteousness and as aggressive agencies for the wider distribution of the Church's influence. The average visitor sees in St. Luke's and St. Margaret's successful institutions, but few know what they have cost the bishop, in anxious struggle through several years, to secure needed funds.

The Penalty of Success

Both school and hospital have paid the penalty of success. The necessary enlargements have meant the expenditure of considerable money at a time when it was almost impossible to secure help. Yet the risk had to be taken and it was taken bravely and hopefully. The new building for St. Luke's has cost $33,000. The hospital is practically selfsupporting, but it cannot from its earnings provide equipment. Seventy gifts of $100 each are needed for equipment and furnishing. Its new operating room still requires equipment that will cost $1,000. The new building for St. Margaret's has meant an expenditure of close upon $15,000. Last year its enrolment was 114. From every part of the district, from mining towns and from ranches, and from neighboring states, these girls have come to be trained under the Church's influence. Many of them return to their home communities to be champions for the Church; often

to be the centres around which new mission work can be begun. They will unquestionably do much for the Church's work in the Northwest, where in the coming years they will control many a home, and so do their part toward raising the tone of social and religious life. It would be a great help to Bishop Funsten to have some of the new rooms furnished at a cost of $50 each, or to secure the $400 needed for the forty desks in the study hall costing $10 each.

CHI

China's Educational

Troubles

HINA is finding that to develop an educational system something more is necessary than opening schools a n d employing teachers, even though the latter may have made, according to their light, a thorough study of western learning. Dr. Boone, of Shanghai, says that in several parts of the empire the managers of the new government schools have found that their students have no respect for the moral teachings of Confucius, and that instead of devoting themselves to study they have taken to drink, gambling and licentious living. We are not unaware that a sober and right-thinking Chinaman might find some things in our American university life that would cause him to open his eyes and ask whether the Christian code of morals has any recognition or is of any effect. The interesting feature of the situation in China, however, is that the directors and parents, who represent the upper classes, are becoming alarmed. At Nanking they have requested the missionaries to give religious instruction in the schools. At Tientsin the authorities of an important military Chinese academy have appointed a clergyman as chaplain, with permission to teach Christianity to the students. At another great school in the province of Chihli, the missionaries have been asked to give regular religious instruction.

"The director general of public instruction at Nanking," says Dr. Boone, "is a mandarin of high rank. He is an old man-not a Christian-but he has read the New Testament many times and is quite familiar with the doctrines of Christianity. A few days ago he said to a missionary: 'Our guides are the moral maxims of Confucius, but they no longer have any effect; they are abstract truths. no spiritual motive behind them. Buddhism is occult, spiritual-it has nothing to do with morality. The only religion that teaches both the spiritual wants of mankind and the principles of morality also is the Christian religion; that is why we wish you to teach it in - our leading schools.'"

How Missionary Physicians are Doing the World's Work

telling of "American Healing around the World," he feels that missions are coming into their own. In this article, Mr. Edgar Allen Forbes tells in vivid fashion of "the missionary phy- sician's ministry to human suffering in all lands." After reading the article one is inclined to agree with Mr. Forbes's statement: "If, at Christmas time, we ask the man who has seen all that is worth seeing in the world what is the most beneficent work that he has witnessed in any quarter of the earth, he will probably name the work of the men and women who carry the gospel of Jenner and Pasteur and anesthesia." It is. perhaps, a little unnecessary for Mr. Forbes to remark: "We are entitled to our individual estimates of the usefulness of the man who goes abroad with the Bible and hymn-book, but there can be little difference of opinion regarding the man or woman who carries his gospel in a surgical case, whose chapel is a thatched dispensary in an out-of-the-way place in the world." For,

9

as he intimates elsewhere in the article, these physicians would not be doing their work in barbarous and semi-civilized lands if it were not for the relig ious motive. Their support too is pro

vided not by merely charitably-minded people, but by those whose constraining. motive is love for our Lord and His children. He puts a searching question when he asks: "With all the wealth that its membership represents, who ever heard a suggestion that the American Medical Association send one or fifty of its members to Africa or China for unmixed humanitarian work?"

On the Trail of the Medical Missionary

Tables of missionary statistics tell us that there are about 800 missionary physicians representing all Christian bodies of this country and Europe. Their widespread distribution is graphically put by Mr. Forbes when he says: "You may journey from the Golden Gate to Stevenson's grave in the South Seas, wind your northward way through the Pacific Islands to Canton and Shanghai, take the overland trail across Asia to Constantinople or swing south to Bangkok and westward to Suez; then you may circumnavigate the Dark Continent, or cross it from Cairo to Capetown and from Sierra Leone to Khartum, and in all these months and months of travel you will never be far from the American missionary physician. His diploma is from one or the other of the best medical colleges in the United States, and his experience has been gained in a practice probably larger than that of any professor that taught him.

"These countrymen of ours are in the torrid belt of Africa and at Point Barrow, 400 miles within the Arctic Circle, where mail is delivered once a year. Their hospitals are in the New Hebrides and among the fisher-folk of Labrador, a thousand miles north of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. They are administering chloroform in Jerusalem

and Damascus and Tyre, vaccinating in Peking and Singapore and on the road to Mandalay, giving quinine in the malarial forests of the Zambesi, the Congo and the Niger. They are on the slopes of the Andes and high up in the Himalayas, the 'roof of the world.' There is a medical station at Harpoot, near the headwaters of the Tigris and the Euphrates, and these are the instructions how to get there: 'Cross the Bosphorus from Constantinople to Scutari and take the train to Angora, going thence for three weeks by caravan.'

The Good Work of Other Christians

Churchmen will regret with good reason that Mr. Forbes should have ignored the important work of our own hospitals in China, Japan and the Philippines. The range of his descriptions is confined almost entirely to what he calls "the four aggressive denominations-the Presbyterians, the Baptists, the Methodists and the Congregationalists." There is, it must be admitted, some justification in his selection when it is remembered that the American Presbyterians alone are represented in the foreign field by about 100 physicians, nearly half of them. Women. The Congregationalists, Methodists and Baptists each have about fifty physicians on their staff. This Church has thirteen. The medical work of these four bodies reached last year more than a million and a half of people. It was done at a cost that must seem absurdly small to a physician accustomed to our American standards. The average expenditure for each physician was about $1,400, including his own salary, the salaries of his native assistants, supplies and other expenses. Yet this low cost must not by any means be taken to mean poor work, for some of the hospitals abroad, like our own St. Luke's, Shanghai, St. Luke's,

Tokyo, and St. James's, Anking, have equipments that would be in many ways equal to the best in this country, while our physicians, if they were in private practice in this country or among the foreign communities in Japanese and Chinese cities, could easily earn six or eight times as much as their missionary salaries.

Striking Achievements Abroad Languid Interest at Home

It would seem to be high time for American physicians to abandon their attitude of apparent or actual indifference to the work of the fraternity abroad. Mr. Forbes, in speaking of the honor shown American physicians by foreign. governments, says: "In striking contrast to the appreciation and honors that have been theirs in the countries where they labor, is the languid interest shown by the physicians in America in this, the most unselfish work that stands to the credit of their profession. I have been present at scores of medical and surgical meetings, ranging all the way from local societies to the American Medical Association, but I never heard even an allusion to the remarkable work of healing and of prevention being done by these over-seas practitioners. It is a long search among the medical journals of the United States before one finds a single article about any of them. Much has been written and said by physicians with reference to the important work of Colonel Gorgas in Havana and Panama, but never a word about Dr. Ker, of Canton, whose achievements even Colonel Gorgas might envy. The men who risked their lives in the yellowfever investigations have been appropriately applauded by their colleagues, but no medical society ever hears a reference to the equally daring men that are even now imperiling their lives and those of their families in cholera epidemics in the Far East."

T

HE first consecration of a bishop for the new districts erected by the last General Convention occurred on December 18th, when the Rev. Robert Lewis Paddock was consecrated as Bishop of Eastern Oregon in the Church of the Holy Apostles, New York. Bishop Tuttle came on from St. Louis to preside and had as co-consecrators Bishop Potter and Bishop Satterlee. The sermon was preached by Bishop Greer. The presenters were Bishop Wells and Bishop Scadding. There were also present: Bishop Burgess, Bishop Kinsolving, of Brazil, Bishop Johnson, of South Dakota, Bishop Spalding and Bishop Courtney.

The new bishop has been rector of the Church of the Holy Apostles for nearly six years, and during that time has done exceptionally effective work in a needy section of New York. He has put new life into a declining parish,

greatly improved its status, gathered about him a staff of paid and volunteer workers, and has, with their aid, made the name of the church stand for helpful service in the community.

As a lad of eleven he went to the Pacific Coast, when his father was consecrated Bishop of Washington State, remaining there until he returned east to finish his education. He took his college course at Trinity, Hartford, and his theological course at Berkeley Divinity School, where he was privileged to come under the influence of the great Bishop John Williams.

Bishop Paddock has always felt keenly the obligation resting on every Christian man for Church extension, and hoped at one time to be able to go to the foreign field. Though prevented from doing this, he found within two years after his ordination a field of great usefulness at what was then the New York procathedral in Stanton Street, on the