Harvest Wobblies: The Industrial Workers of the World and Agricultural Laborers in the American West, 1905-1930Increased Mechanization and the expansion of new markets transformed the face of American farming in the early decades of the twentieth century, especially in the American West. These changes demanded a new kind of agricultural worker--gone was the local farmhand, replaced by a cheap and temporary labor force of migrant and seasonal workers. Greg Hall's fascinating book analyzes how "harvest Wobblies," members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), organized these men, women, and sometimes children who had become so essential and yet so exploited on the farms of the West. Although harvest Wobblies worked in nearly all the western states, their stongholds were the Great Plains, California, and the Pacific Northwest, regions where harmers developed monocrop agriculture and where seasonal labor was indispensable come harvest time. Like their IWW brethren in logging camps and mines, the harvest Wobblies combined an effort to improve the lives of workers with harger revolutionary goals. Harvest Wobblies personified most of the indelible features of IWW membership: they were the militant casual laborers of the American West, riding the rails, living in hobo jungles, preaching revolution, and facing repression with innovative strategies, impassioned speech, humor, and song. Through trial and error, Wobbly organizers eventually implemented the idea of an industrial union in agriculture and helped the IWW to establish itself as a powerful force to be reckoned with by employers in the West. In tracing the rise and the eventual fall of the harvest Wobblies, Greg Hall examines the diverse and changing nature of the agricultural work force. He offers a social and cultural history of a union uniquely suited to organizing tens of thousands of migrant and seasonal workers. Harvest Wobblies will appeal to a broad audience of readers interested in labor history, the American West, U.S. agricultural history, and the history of the IWW. |
From inside the book
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... strike increased in its effectiveness . The same was true for the Wobbly - led copper and zinc strike in Montana that summer . Only in Arizona , during the Bisbee copper miners ' strike , did western Wobblies experience an immediate ...
... strike throughout the citrus industry . Hundreds of male and female workers honored the strike , and soon packinghouses began to close for lack of oranges from the valley's orchards . As the strike picked up momentum in the ensuing ...
... strike both on and off the job . The general strike was planned for late April 1923. Although the IWW had returned from the brink of collapse by 1923 with substantial industrial union organization in construction , logging , marine ...