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Saul's hypocrisy.

1 SAMUEL, XIX. B. C. 1062.

tain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people. 14 And David 5 behaved himself wisely in all his ways; and the LORD was with him.

15 Wherefore, when Saul saw that he behaved himself very wisely, hej was afraid of him.

5 or, prospered, ver.5. n Nu.27.17. 2Sam.5.2. 1K1.3.7.

o ch.17.25.

16 But all Israel and Judah loved David, because he went n out and a son of came in before them. valour.

17 And Saul said to David, Be-p ch.25.28. hold my elder daughter Merab, o q ver.21.25. her will I give thee to wife only 2S1.12.9. be thou 6 valiant for me, and fightpr ver.23. the LORD's battles. For Saul said, Let not mine hand be upon him, but q let the hand of the Philistiness 25a.21.8. be upon him.

18 And David said unto Saul, r Who am I? and what is my life, or my father's family in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?

ch.9.21. 2Sa.7.18.

t Ju.7.22. 7 was right in his eyes. u Ex. 10.7. Pr.29.5. ver. 17.

19 But it came to pass at the time when Merab, Saul's daughter, should have been given to David, w 1Jno.3.1. that she was given unto Adriel sx Ps. 119.141. the Meholathite t to wife.

8 According

to these
words.

20 And Michal, Saul's daughter, loved David and they told Saul, and the thing 7 pleased him. y Ex.22.17. 21 And Saul said, I will give him 2 ch.14.24. her, that she may be a u snare to him, and that the hand v of the 9 fulfilled. Philistines may be against him. a ver. 13. Wherefore Saul said to David. Thou shalt this day be my son-in-b 2Sa.3.14. law in the one of the twain.

c Ps. 37. 12, 14. d 283.11.1.

e ver.5.

Ps. 119.99. 10 precious, ch.26.21. 2Ki. 1.13. Ps. 116.15. 1Pet.2.7.

22 T And Saul commanded his servants, saying, Commune with David secretly, and say, Behold, the king hath delight in thee, and all his servants love thee: now therefore be the king's son-in-law. 23 And Saul's servants spake those words in the ears of David. And David said, Seemeth it to you a light wo thing to be a king's son-in-(CHAP. 19.) law, seeing that I am a poor man, and lightly r esteemed?

24 And the servants of Saul told um, saying, & On this manner spake David

a ch.18.1.

b Pr.31.8.9.

G.42.22.

d P's.35.12, 109.5

Pr. 17.13. ch.25.21.

25 And Saul said, Thus shall ye say to David, The king desireth note ny y dowry, but an hundred fore- Ju. 12.3. skins of the Philistines, to be Ps. 119.109. avenged z of the king's enemies. fch. 17.49,50. Bat Saul thought to make David g ch.11.13. fall by the hand of the Philistines. 1Ch.11.14. 26 And when his servants told h ch.20.32, David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-inaw: and the days were not 9 exFred

Wherefore. David arose and went, he and his men, a and slew of the Philistines two hundred en; and David brought their!

i Pr.26.21,25. 1 yesterday,

third day

k ch.16.21.

2

18.2.13.

his face. ch. 16.14.

18.10,11.

Saul's hatred. | foreskins, b and they gave them in full tale to the king that he might be the king's son-in-law. And Saul gave him Michal his daughter to wife.

28 And Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David, and that Michal, Saul's daughter, loved him.

29 And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became Davids's enemy c continually.

30 Then the princes of the Philistines went d forth; and it came to pass, after they went forth, that David behaved himself more e wisely than all the servants of Saul, so that his name was much 10 set by.

CHAPTER XIX. Jonathan discloseth his father's purpose to kill David.

ND Saul spake to Jonathan his

Ason, and to all his servants, that

they should kill David.

2 But Jonathan, Saul's son, delighted much a in David: and Jonathan told David, saying, Saul my father seeketh to kill thee. Now, therefore, I pray thee, take heed to thyself until the morning, and abide in a secret place, and hide thyself:

3 And I will go out and stand beside my father in the field where thou art, and I will commune with my father of thee; and what I see, that I will tell thee.

4 T And Jonathan spake good b of David unto Saul his father, and said unto him, Let not the king sin c against his servant, against David; because he hath not sinned against thee, and because his works have been to thee-ward very good.d

5 For he did put e his life in hus hand, and slew the Philistine, and the g LORD wrought a great saivation for all Israel: thon sawest it, and didst rejoice: wherefore h then wilt thou sin against innocent blood, to slay David without a cause?

6 And Saul hearkened unto the voice of Jonathan: and Saul sware, i As the LORD hveth, he shall not be slain.

7 And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan showed hun all those things. And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in lus presence as in times past.

8 And there was war again:

and David went out and fought with the Philistines. and slew them with a great slaughter; and they flod from 2 him.

9 And the evil spirit / from the LORD was upon Saul, as he sat in

Michal deceives Saul.

1 SAMUEL, XX. his house with his javelin in his B. C. 1062. hand and David played with his hand.

10 And Saul sought to smite Da-m vid even to the wall with the jave-1 lin; but he slipped away out of Saul's presence, and he smote the javelin into the wall: and David fled, and escaped m that night.

Ps. 124.7.
Mat. 10.23.

n Ps.59,
title.

o Ps.34.19.

A c.9.24.25. 2Co. 11.32, 33.

11 Saul also sent n messengers p Jos.2.15. unto David's house, to watch him, and to slay him in the morning: and Michal, David's wife, told him, saying, If thou save not thy life tonight, to-morrow thou shalt be3 slain.

12 So o Michal let David p down through a window: and he went, and fled, and escaped.

13 And Michal took an 3 image. and laid it in the bed, and put a pillow of goats' hair for his bolster, and covered it with a cloth.

14 And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said, He is sick.

15 And Saul sent the messengers again to see David, saying, Bring him up to me in the bed, that I may slay him.

teraphim,
Ge.31.19.
Ju. 17.5.

David consulteth Jonathan. was upon him also, and he went on, and prophesied, until he came to Naioth in Ramah.

21 And v he stripped off his clothes also, and prophesied before Samuel in like manner, and 4 lay down naked all that day and all that night. Wherefore they say, Is Saul w also among the prophets? CHAPTER XX.

David consulteth with Jonathan for his safety.

AND David fed from Naioth in
Ramah, and came and said be-
fore Jonathan, What have I done?
what is mine iniquity? and what is
my sin before thy father, that he
seeketh my life?

q 2Sa. 17.20.
2 And he said unto him, God for-
2Sa.2.22. bid; thou shalt not die: behold,
my father will do nothing either
Jno.7.32,45. great or small, but that he will
I show it me: and why should my
father hide this thing from me? it
is not so.

tch. 10.5.6.
ICo.14.24,

25.

u Nu.11.25.
Joel 2.28.

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3 And David sware moreover, and said, Thy father certainly knoweth that I have found grace in thine eyes; and he saith, Let not Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved: but a truly as the LORD liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.

4 Then said Jonathan unto David, 2 Whatsoever thy soul 3 desireth, I will even do it for thee.

5 And David said unto Jonathan, Behold, to morrow is the new b moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at meat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field c until the third day at even. 6 If thy father at all miss me, then say, David earnestly asked leave of me that he might run to Beth-lehem his city: for there is a yearly 4 sacrifice there for all the family.

7 If he say thus, It is well, thy servant shall have peace: but if he be very wroth, then be sure that evil is determined d by him.

8 Therefore thou shalt deale kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant f of the LORD with thee: notwithstanding, if g there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?

9 And Jonathan said, Far be it from thee: for if I knew certainly that evil were determined by my father to come upon thee, then would not I tell it thee?

10 Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?

11 And Jonathan said unto Da

Jonathan's token to David.

1 SAMUEL, XX. vid, Come, and let us go out into B. C. 1062. the field. And they went out both of them into the field.

5 searched.

uncover thine ear, ver.2.

12 And Jonathan said unto David, O LORD God of Israel, when I have 5 sounded my father about to-morrow any time, or the third day, and behold, if there be good toward Da-h ch.17.37. vid, and I then send not unto thee, and 6 show it thee;

i ch.10.7. 11.6,&c. 2S3.7.15.

2S1.9.1-7.

13 The LORD do so, and much more to Jonathan; but if it please my father to do thee evil, then Ik ch.24.21. will show it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace and the LORD h be with thee, as he hath been i with my father.

14 And thou shalt not only while yet I live show me the kindness of the LORD, that I die not:

15 But also k thou shalt not cut off thy kindness from my house for ever: no, not when the LORD hath cut off the enemies of David every one from the face of the earth.

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cut.

7 ch.31.2. 251.4.7.

8

or, by his

love to

ward him.

m ch.18.1.

n ver.5.

9 missed.
10 greatly.or,
diligently,

o ch.19.2.
11 in the day
of the bu

siness.

12 or, that showeth

the way.

13 not any thing.

18 Then Jonathan said to David, n To-morrow is the new moon: and thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be 9 empty. 19 And when thou hast stayed p Jer.4.2, three days, then thou shalt go down 10 quickly, and come to the place over. 14. 15, where thou didst hide thyself 11 when the business was in hand, and shalt remain by the stone 12 Ezel.

42.

r Lev.7.21.

15.5,&c.

20 And I will shoot three arrows on the side thereof, as though I shot & ver.6.

at a mark.

I

21 And, behold, I will send a lad, saying, Go, find out the arrows. If expressly say unto the lad, Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee, take them; then come thou: for there is peace to thee, and 13 no hurt: asp the LORD liveth.

22 But if I say thus unto the young man, Behold, the arrows are beyond thee; go thy way: for the LORD hath sent thee away.

23 And as touching the matter q which thou and I have spoken of, behold, the LORD be between thee and me for ever. 21 So David hid himself in the field and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat

meat.

25 And the king sat upon his seat,

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Saul seeketh Jonathan's life. as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul's side, and David's place was empty.

26 Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not r clean; surely he is not clean. 27 And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month, that David's place was empty: and Saul said unto Jonathan his son, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday, nor to-day? 28 And Jonathan answered Saul, s David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Beth-lehem:

29 And he said, Let me go, I pray thee, for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother he hath commanded me to be there: and now if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he cometh not unto the king's table.

30 Then Saul's angert was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou 14 son of 15 the perverse rebellious woman, do not 1 know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?

31 For as long as the son of Jesse liveth upon the ground, thou shalt not be established, nor thy kingdom. Wherefore now send and fetch him unto me, u for he 16 shall surely die.

32 And Jonathan answered Sau! his father, and said unto him, Wherefore v shall he be slain? what hath he done?

33 And Saul cast w a javelin at him to smite him: whereby a Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to slay David.

34 So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no meat the second day of the month: for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.

35 And it came to pass in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little fad with him.

36 And he said unto his lad, Run. find out now the arrows which 1 shoot. And as the lad ran he shot an arrow 17 beyond him.

37 And when the lad was come to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot, Jonathan cried after the lad, and said, Is not the arrow beyond y thee?

David seeketh Ahimelech. 1 SAMUEL, XXI, XXII. 38 And Jonathan cried after the B. C. 1062. lad, Make speed, haste, stay not. And Jonathan's lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.

39 But the lad knew not any thing: only Jonathan and David knew the matter.

40 And Jonathan gave his 18 artillery unto 19 his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.

18 instru

ments.

19 the lad that

was his.

ch. 1.17.

He feigneth madness.

7 Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, h an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul.

8 And David said unto Ahimelech, And is there not here under thine hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste.

20 or, the
LORD be
witness of
that which,
&c.ver.23.
(CHAP. 21.) 9 And the priest said, The sword
a ch.14.3, of Goliath the Philistine, whom i
called Ahi-thou slewest in the valley of Elah,
ah. Called behold, it is k here wrapped in a
also Abia cloth behind the ephod: if thou wilt
thar,
take that, take it: for there is no
other save that here. And David
said, There is none like that; give
it me.

Mark 2.26.

b ch.16.4.
c Ps. 119.29.

41 T And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of a place toward the south, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded. 42 And Jonathan said to David, Go z in peace, 20 forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name found. of the LORD, saving, The LORD bed Ex.25.30. between me and thee, and between Lu.24.5-9 my seed and thy seed for ever. e Ex. 19.15. And he arose and departed: and f 1Th.4.4. Jonathan went into the city.

CHAPTER XXI.

David at Nob obtaineth of Ahimelech hallowed bread,

HEN came David to Nob, to

Tammelech a the priest: and

Ahimelech was afraid at the meeting of David, and said unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man with thee?

2 or, especial.

ly when
this day
there is

other sanc-
tified in the

vessel.

Mat. 12.3,4.

h ch.22.9.

Ps.52, title.

2 And David saide unto Ahimelech the priest, The king hath com-i ch. 17.2. manded me a business, and hath 50.51. said unto me, Let no man know k ch.31.10. any thing of the business where- 3 or, Abimeabout I send thee, and what I have lech, Ps.34, commanded thee: and I have appointed my servants to such and such a place.

3 Now therefore what is under thine hand give me tive loaves of bread in mine hand, or what there is 1 present.

4 And the priest answered David,

title.

Ps.56, title.

m ch. 18.7.
29.5.

n Luke 2. 19.
Ps.31, title.
p Ec.7.7.

or, made
marks.

10 And David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to 3 Achish the king of Gath.

11 And the servants of Achish said unto him, Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, m Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands? 12 And David laid up n these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath.

13 And he changed o his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad p in their hands, and 4 scrab bled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

14 Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man 5 is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me?

15 Have I need of madmen, that ye have brought this fellow to play the madman in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house? CHAPTER XXII. Companies resort unto David at Adullam.

AVID therefore departed

and said, 'There is no common breads or, playeth Dhence, and escaped a to the

under mine hand, but there is hallowed d bread; if e the young men

the mad

man.

cave Adullam: 6 and when his bre

have kept themselves at least from (CHAP. 22.) thren and all his father's house

women.

5 And David answered the priest, and said unto him, Of a truth women have been kept from us about these three days, since I came out, and the vessels f of the young men are holy, and the bread is in a man-e ner common, 2 yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel.

6 So the priest gave g him hallowed bread: for there was no

a Ps.57,
title, and
142, title.
2Sa.23.13.

b

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Mi. 1.15. Heb.11.38. Ju. 11.3. had a creditor.

heard it, they went down thither to him.

2 And c every one that was in distress, and every one that 1 was in debt, and every one that was 2 discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain d over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. 2 bitter of 3 And David went thence to e sou'. Ps.72.12-14. Mizpel of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me

Mat.9.12,

13.

bread there but the show-bread
that was taken from before the
LORD, to put hot bread in the daye Jn. 11.29.
when it was taken away.

Doeg accuseth Ahimelech.

1 SAMUEL, XXIII.

Priests of Nob slain.

4 And he brought them before the B. C. 1062., surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and king of Moab: and they dwelt with all q thy father's house. him all the while that David was in the hold f

5 And the prophet Gad g said unto David, Abide not in the hold: depart, and get thee into the land of Judah. Then David departed, h and came into the forest of Hareth. 6 When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that were with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a 3 tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants were standing about him ;)

7 Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;

f1Ch.12.16.

1Ch.21.9. 2Ch.29.25.

h Mat.10.23.

3 or, grove in a high

place.

i ch.8.14.

4 uncovereth

mine ear,
ch.20.2.

k ch.18.3. 20.30.

1 ch.21.7.

Ps.52, title, and

ver. 1,2,3.

17 And the king said unto the 7 footmen that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of the LORD; because their hand also is with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not show it to me. But the servants of the king would not put r forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the LORD.

18 And the king said to Doeg, Turn thou, and fall upon the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew s on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod.

19 And Nob, t the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep, with the edge of the sword.

20 And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named u Abiathar, escaped, and fled after

8 That all of you have conspired against me, and there is none that 4showeth me that my son hath made a league k with the son of m ch.21.1,&c. David. Jesse, and there is none of you that

In Nu.27.21.

is sorry for me, or showeth unto me that my son hath stirred up my 5 Behold me. servant against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?

0 ch.19.4,5.

24.11.

p ch.18.27.

great.

9 Then answered Doeg l the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, tos little or Ahimelech m the son of Ahitub. 10 And he inqu.red n of the LORD for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine. 11 Then the king sent to call Ahi-q De.21.16. melech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests that were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king.

Est.3.6.

runners, or, guard.

12 And Saul said, Hear now, thour Ex. 1.17. son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I am, my lord.

21 And Abiathar showed David that Saul had slain the LORD'S priests. 22 And David said unto Abiathar, I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: v Í have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father's house.

23 Abide thou with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh thy life: but with me thou shalt be in safeguard.

CHAPTER XXIII. David inquiring of the Lord by Abiathar, rescueth Keilah.

THE

HEN they told David, saying, Behold, the Philistines fight against Keilah, a and they rob the threshing-floors.

2 Therefore David inquired b of the LORD, saying, Shall I go and 8 ch.2.31,33.smite these Philistines? And the LORD said unto David,Go, and smite the Philistines, and save Keilah.

13 And Saul said unto him, Whyt ver.9,11. have ye conspired against me, thou

1K1.2.26, 27.

and the son of Jesse, in that thou u ch.23.6. hast given him bread, and a sword, and last inquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to he in wait, as at this day?

v ch.21.1-9.

b ver.4,6,9.

ch.30.8. 2Sa.5.19,23.

14 Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, And who is so faith- (CHAP. 23.) ful o among all thy servants as Da- a Jos. 15.44. vid, which is p the king's son-inlaw, and goeth at thy bidding, and is honourable in thine house? 15 Did I then begin to inquire of God for him? be it far from me. c Ps. 11.1. Let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house d Ju.6.39. of my father: for thy servant knew nothing of all this, less or more. 16 And the king said, Thou shalt

e ch.22.20.

3 And David's men said c unto him, Behold, we be afraid here in Judah: how much more then if we come to Keilah against the armies of the Philistines?

4 Then David inquired of the LORD yet again.d And the LORD answered him and said, Arise, go down to Keilah; for I will deliver the Philistines into thine hand.

5 So David and his men went to Keilah, and fought with the Philistines, and brought away their cattle, and smote them with a great slaughter. So David saved the inhabitants of Keilah.

6 And it came to pass, when Abiathar the son of Ahimelech e fled to

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