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6

Remove far from thee thy calf, O Samaria :
Mine anger is kindled against them.

How long will they not endure innocency in Israel?
And as for him, the workman made him;

And he is no god:

For the calf of Samaria shall be broken in pieces,

Hebr. fragments.

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"Their silver and their gold have they made to themselves idols." Secker.

5. Remove far from thee] 'A. Aquila. 'Aog. Theod. 'Añorgiļai ó. and in some other copies, anoppov, says Montfaucon. -endure] Through hatred of it. Ps. ci. 5. Isai. i.

13. Joel ii. 11.

-in Israel] ó. and Ar. read the words to the foregoing clause. filii Israelis." Mr. Woide.

See

', or 'xnw, 103, and join "MS. Copt. reads

How long will not the sons of Israel endure innocency? "How long will they bear antipathy to pure religion?" Horsley's ver. "-have antipathy. This is the true sense of the phrase . See Ps. ci. 5. Is. i. 13. and compare Amos vii. 10. Horsley.

"For he is from Israel," or, "made by the Israelites," is the sense of the words as they now stand. Syr. and Chald. read Dr. Wheeler's translation stands thus:

.הוא

"For from Israel came this [calf:]

The workman made it, and it is no God;

For the calf of Samaria shall become fragments."
Horsley renders similarly.

6. the calf] It is well known that animals of this species were woshipped in Egypt; the Apis at Memphis, and the Mnevis at Heliopolis. As they are employed in tilling the ground, they may have been used as symbols of one who had anciently introduced or improved the art of agriculture. Males of this kind were dedicated to Osiris; and females, to Isis. The Israelites may have originally borrowed this superstition from the Egyptians, and may have afterwards revived it; imputing the great fertility of Egypt to the deity thus represented.

"The people procured it, or contributed to it, as to Aaron's calf." Secker.

-broken in pieces] In Chaldee aw is to break. Schultens derives the word from a similar Arabic one, which signifies fragmenta, quibus ignis foveri potest. Animadv. Animadv. Phil. p. 479.

7

8

9

For they have sown the wind, and they shall reap

the whirlwind.

The stalk hath no bud:

It shall not yield flour:

If so be it yield, strangers shall swallow it up.
Israel is swallowed up.

Now are they become among the nations
As a vessel wherein is no pleasure.

For they have gone up to Assyria.

Ephraim is like the solitarv wild ass:

"Forte legendum cum Syro N."

". שברים forte legendum שבבים »

1.

Secker.

Secker:

-sown the wind] See Job iv. 8. Prov. xxii. 8. Eccl. v. 16. c. x. 13. Hab. ii. 13. They have served their idols in vain; and they shall reap the bitter fruits of their idolatry.

The stalk-] Houbigant also places the stop after ny bud. "There shall be no stem belonging to him: the ear shall yield no meal; what perchance it may yield, strangers shall swallow it up." Horsley's ver.

8. -no pleasure] Despised, and cast out. Jer. xxii. 28. xlviii. 38.

Ps. xxxi. 12.

9. gone up] "For they are gone up of their own accord to Assyria." Horsley's ver. Note. "This I take to be the force of the pronoun. And this is generally its force, where it appears, as in this place, pleonastic. See v. 4. and chap. ix. 10." Horsley.

-to Assyria] Not only for alliance, but also for idolatrous

commerce.

-solitary wild ass] is redundant. See Am. ii. 13. But ó. MS. Pachom. read μ Ega, that is, for . Ephraim is to me like the solitary wild ass. Odit hominum frequentiam et habitationem. See Boch. Hieroz. 871. Job xxxix. 5—8. He is as untamed to the yoke, and traverses the desert as earnestly in the pursuit of idols, as the onager in quest of his mates. It may be said of this animal, Mentem Venus ipsa dedit. See Jer. ii. 24. Plin. nat. hist. viii. xxx. "Ephraim is as a wild ass, traversing alone." Dr. Wheeler.

66.

"A wild ass all alone for himself is Ephraim." Horsley's ver. "Though wild asses be often found in the desert in whole herds, yet it is usual for some one of them to break away, and separate himself from his company, and run alone at random by himself: and one so doing is here spoken of." Pocock.

10

11

12

They have hired lovers.

But because they have hired among the nations,
Now will I gather them together,

And they shall soon be pained by bearing the
burden of the king and of the princes.

Because Ephraim hath multiplied altars to commit sin,

He hath altars to commit sin.

I have written unto him many things of my laws; But they have been accounted as a strange thing. 13 They sacrifice gifts appointed unto me, and eat flesh.

-hired] Nothing could be more flagitious than that the hire should be given by the adulteress. See Ezek. xvi. 33.

10. gather them together] That they may go into captivity. -soon] See Nold. §. 2.

-and of the princes] So the versions, Chald. Aquila, Houbigant, nine MSS. one impression, two MSS. originally, and perhaps two more. They shall be severely galled by the yoke of the Assyrian king, and of the princes set over his several pro

vinces.

11. He hath altars] He shall have them erected by others, in those idolatrous countries to which he is led away captive. Deut. iv. 28. Jer. xvi. 13. See Pocock.

Από 20. ηγαπημενα ο επλημεμελημνα ed. Compl." "In as much as Ephraim hath multiplied (counted) sin unto him." Horsley's ver.

Secker. altars, altars are

12. many things of my laws] Hos Symmachus: and V. ó. Syr. read n plurally. Or, many things of my law, reading 'n' with Keri, or great things. But I suspect that the true reading is, the words of my law.

-a strange thing] Foreign to Israel, and with which they had no concern. "So, strange incense, strange fire." Secker.

Or,

אכתוב לו ריבו [ריב,,or]

תורתי ותורתי or] כמן זר נחשרו

I have written against him his suit:

My laws have been accounted as a strange thing.

I have written against him a suit:

But my laws have been accounted as a strange thing."
Dr. Forsayeth.

13. gifts appointed unto me] Such sacrifical oblations as my law required that they should offer unto me: the affix signifying passively. See the note on Gen. iv. 23, 4: Hebr. præl.

14

Therefore Jehovah accepteth them not,

Now will he remember their iniquity, and will visit their sins.

They shall return unto Egypt,

For Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and hath built temples.

And Judah hath multiplied fenced cities:

But I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour his palaces.

p. 50. Suppl. ad sec. ed. 8vo. and Pocock on Hosea xi. 7: where this important remark is illustrated by many curious instances. See Gen. xvi. 5. Jer. li. 35. Joel iv. 19. Hab. ii 8, 17. Isai. liii. 11. Ps. cxxxix. 17. Isai. lvi. 7. Ps. v. 7. Thus also in the Latin language: Nam neque negligentia tua, neque odio id fecit tuo. i. e. in te. Ter. Phorm. v. viii. 27. Catilinam non modo invidiæ meæ, verum etiam vitæ, periculo, sustulissem. i. e. in me, qua mihi invideretur. Cic. in Cat.

ii. §. 2. See Westerhovius and Muretus in loc.

-and eat flesh] Syr. reads "TWI).

"They have sacrificed the choicest sacrifices, and have eaten flesh.

Jehovah taketh not delight therein." Dr. Wheeler.

"Vel transponenda et ; vel priori non posteriori præfigendum, vel delendum; vel saltem intelligendus propheta, quasi sic scripsisset." Secker. Or point thus with ó.

"I have written unto him many things of my laws:

But the gifts appointed unto me have been accounted as
a strange thing,

They sacrifice flesh, and eat: [sc. idolatrously:]
Jehovah, &c.

They sacrifice [sc. unto idols] gifts appointed unto me,

and eat flesh.

But Dr. Forsayeth paraphrases thus: "They offer sacrifices to the Lord, as a people observing his laws; but on account of their iniquities he accepteth them not.'

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Therefore Jehovah] Vulg. Syr. and one MS. prefix 1: but the asyndeton is very strong.

“Addunt ổ. Kai & Accuginis anudagra qayovlaı, ex c. ix. 3.”

Secker.

-unto Egypt] See c. vii. 16.

14. temples] Hence we learn that, at this time, Israel was more idolatrous than Judah.

-his palaces] 6. MS. A. and ed. Ald. Vulg. Syr. and one MS. originally, read : to which Houbigant gives his sanction.

U

1

CHAP. IX.

REJOICE not, O Israel:

Exult not as the § nations.

For thou hast committed fornication in departing from thy God:

Thou hast loved hire at every corn floor.

2

3

The floor and the vat shall not feed them:
And the choice wine shall deceive them.
They shall not dwell in the land of Jehovah:
But Ephraim shall return unto Egypt;

4

And in Assyria shall they eat polluted things.
They shall not pour out an offering of wine unto
Jehovah;

Neither shall they please him.

§ Hebr. the peoples.

1. Rejoice not] Imitate not their idolatrous festivities.

Sic Job. iii. 22. Sed ó. Ch, Syr. Vulg. ne, quod futurum postulat." Secker. The word 51 signifies in the Arab. circumagere in gyrum; whence saltare; whence great joy expressed by outward gestures. See Cast. lex.

at every corn floor] Attributing plenty to thy idols, and rejoicing before them at the ingathering of thy coru. Isai. ix. 3. c. ii. 5, 12.

2. deceive them] All the versions and Chald. read them for in her: and it his highly satisfactory to find this reading confirmed by twenty-one MSS. one impression, three MSS. originally, and perhaps two more.

The word may be rendered, shall lie unto them. So Horace has fundus mendax. Od. iii. i. 30. and Spem mentita seges. Epist. i. vii. 87.

Bahrdt observes that Syr. reads oil for w

choice wine.

The vat, says he, is mentioned in the preceding clause.

4.-wine] See Ex. xxix. 40. Lev. xxiii. 13. Numb. xv. 5, 10. -please him] Another punctuation may very well be introduced with Syr. Ar.

"And their sacrifices shall not please him.

They shall have as it were the food of mourners."
Accordingly Dr. Wheeler renders:

"Neither shall their sacrifices be pleasing unto Him:
As the bread of affliction shall be their bread;"

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