wrong. In the meantime, they nationalisation ; he is not rely upon threats. “The Gov- challenging committees; he is ernment might prepare machine- challenging the whole fabrio gans and tanks," said a gentle- of free government. Does he man called Lunn, "with whioh say that democracy means that to fight the miners and other the majority must rule?

He workers who oame out on says, 'No; if we cannot get a strike. That would not affeot majority, a privileged minority the matter at all. The fight will do.' On that issue we will would go on, because they fight him to the last. This is intended the mines should be not a strike for the right of nationalised." Hoity - toity! combination; it is establishThis is the tone which ing & Soviet in the land." All Lenin and Trotsky adopt to that is perfeotly true. Mr their dapes and their victims, George is opposed by a gang but the open method of in- of syndicalists, and he has no timidation by a small minority diffioulty in worsting them by is not yet popular in Great argument before a sympathetic Britain, and Mr Lunn may audience. But how long will perhaps be persuaded by the Mr George adhere to the argudivision list that to get nation- ment whioh he sets forth now? alisation is not quite so easy as Suppose be be asked to adit seems.

dress & mob which agrees with The threat of violence was Mr Lunn? What will his tune precisely the impetus which be then? He has no rules of Mr George needed, and speak- life and conduot by which he ing, as he knew, to an audience can be influenoed. He is posof individualists, he had no sessed by that dangerous sendiffioulty in demolishing the sitiveness which enables him internationalisere and their to know what his hearers menaces. He argued well and would like him to say, and he argued gravely. He exposed he says it. Wherefore, the the evils of bureauoracy as one battle against nationalisation who know and understood. He is not yet won, since it is extolled the incentive of speon- fought by our one and only lation and private ownership. leader, Mr George, who may With the greatest eloquence go over to the other side in he oondemned the evil which a moment of orisis. If he does, the miners, with their threats will Mr Balfour follow him, or of violenoe, are doing to the will he recognise that principle cause of liberty. Mr Lunn, after all is a case of morals

. a he says, “is not ohallenging and not of practice ?

Printed by William Blackwood and Sons.

me.

I HAD arrived, new to the treme cold of the Punjab was country, at the end of Janu- already beginning to be op. ary; Amritsar was my first pressive, and I preferred the "station, and at the begin- coolness of the bungalow to ning of April I was living with the heat and glare outside, 80 Mr and Mrs J. in one of a that fortunately for myself I group of houses oalled Canal ohanged my mind. I had just Bungalows. After breakfast lain down under the pankah on the morning of Thursday, I about one o’olook when a serthought for a moment of visit- vant announced that a lady ing the bazaar in the city; but wished to see

I rose I had only returned from reluotantly, annoyed with my Lahore the night before, and bearer for having admitted a what I had seen there of the visitor after my order that I crowds at the Hartal (day of was not to be disturbed; but mourning) on the 6th had before I could leave the room made me nervous. Moreover, a second knook announoed the the attitude of the shopkeepers arrival of more visitors, and in our own Hall Bazaar for my bearer poured forth a long some time past had been dig- story, of which the only words tinotly unfriendly, and the last I could oatoh were “Badmash”

, time I went there my bearer (ccoundrels) and “Bazaar." had warned me not to get out His voice

drowned of the tonga. The extreme by the shrill ories of babies heat whioh Budoeeds the ex- in the next room, and it

VOL, CCVII.-NO, MCCLIV.

W88

2

alarms

flashed upon my memory that was known that the banks the house had been chosen and Government buildings as a rallying - post for Euro- were on fire, and that the pean women and children in murdered men inoluded three the event of trouble. My sus- of the bank officials. The old pioions were quiokly confirmed Sikh oashier of the National when I came into a drawing- Bank had been his master room full of people I had never beaten down and had fled to seen before, who paid no atten. prooure help, but before he tion whatever to my entry. could return kerosene oil was Fresh arrivals poured in every poured on the still living body, minute, and from one or two and only one boot was left for acquaintances among them I identification of the remains, elioited the little that they A few of the Europeans emknew of what had happened. ployed in the banks had 800A few minutes earlier & wild peeded in escaping to the orowd had burst over the Hall “Kotwali” or city police bridge (which connects the oity station, and were still hemmed with the Civil Lines), driving in there. baok and stoning the small The afternoon passed slowly, pioket which was posted there. with rumours

and No shots had then been fired, which increased the suspense but the howl of the mob oould of the many women who did be heard a quarter of a mile not know where their hus

the residents in bands were. Those of us who the main thoroughfare were had anything to do were too rapidly warned to leave their busy to think, and three of bungalows for the rallying- the women and three of the posts. The orowd was olose babies were ill; but human at hand, and a moment's delay nature is always the same, might prove fatal; but at this and I was amused to somnolent hour it was no small on returning to my room task to persuade the women to that my dressing - table bad move, and one of them per- been depleted of everything that sistently refused to quit her could be used as a cosmetio, house because her baby was as if & horde of locusts had asleep. As people left their settled on it, and we had to bungalows a few shots were make peace between one or heard from the direotion of two who “could not sit under the bridge, but nothing was & pankah ” and the majority known then of the course of who were prepared to faint if events.

it was turned off. From men passing on horse- About half an hour before baok we gradually learned a sunset, nowe oame that the few details, and before long Fort was ready to receive us.

8&w smoke and flames Every possible conveyance bad rising from the city and heard been secured, and we paoked that Europeans were being ourselves in, making a pioture murdered After a time it like Epsom road on the Derby

away, and

see

we

88w

Day. Very few had brought thing that could be used as anything with them, so we bedding during the coming stripped the house of every- night.

II. THE FORT.

The Fort of Gobindgarh, to spend that night on the whioh we were now to know ground outside. One or two 80 well, was built over a hun- had managed to get their beddred years ago by the great ding brought in by their serMaharaja Ranjit Singh, to pro- vants, but the rest were illtoot the treasure whioh he kept equipped for the conditions with the bankers of Amritsar, they had to face. We distriprosperous then as now. It is buted the heavy clothing, said that he employed an blankets, and rugs which we Italian engineer, and trases of had brought from the bungaits exotie origin linger in the low, but there would not have names of the different blocks been enough to go round if the and passages.

To reach the garrison had not given up some Fort, we had to oross the rail. of their blankets. Oar next way line, whioh our handful of thought was to find a meal for troops had held all day against the many women and chilthe hordes from the oity, by dren who had eaten nothing the Rego bridge. We set

forth since early morning. We had with some trepidation; but the only the sora ps which we had arrival of some Gurkha troops brought away from the bungaabout this time enabled the low, but onoe again the soldiers road to be pioketed, and the came to our rescue and gave way W88

safe. Men from ap half their bread ration. the Central Followers' Depôt, All these things were being armed with staves, accompanied done at once, amid indesoribus, and it was not long before able turmoil. we were driving through the A roll - call revealed 130 winding entranoes to the Fort. women and children, besides

Dusk was now falling, and babies; the civilian men who we had to make haste to pre- were not too old or sick had pare for the night. We found already been posted to defence places where we could, and duties round the Fort and most of us paoked into the made up another fifty. A upper storey of the “Cavalier number of servants also bad Blook," which rises in the come down before the gates centre of the great quadrangle. of the Fort closed at sundown, The heat, however, was stifling, and presented another problem, There were not half a dozen as they required native food. fans in the whole Fort, inolad. While they were being given ing those in the hospital and the their handfuls of grain to last canteen hall, and many people them till the morning, a greyfound it the lessor of two evils bearded old Sikh orderly, Sher

no

an

Singh, proudly refused to take the miseries of dirt, heat, and his share, saying he had overcrowding. There was no often gode without food for sanitation; overything depended two or three days on the field on the servants, who had not yet of battle. This man set been organised. There was no splendid example throughout, privaoy, and we had to hide and indeed all the servants under our bedding to dress behaved well under very trying ourselves. Sixteen people oiroumstanoes.

shared one small room for It had long been dark, and the first three days, and those we were still working hard to who had no rooms were really got things straight and settle better off.

There were people down for the night, beds, no proper bedding, whon I was suddenly drawn no mosquito - nets, no fans, & Way by officer, who and hardly any lighting. whisperod a request for & No one had any small personal lantern in order to bring in possessions or any change of what was left of Mr Thom- clothing. The place was inson's body from one of the fested with sandflies, and the banks. Desperately afraid lest stagnant water of the most this news should spread, I bred a virulent kind of mossecured the only lantern in the quito. We did not know when Fort for him, and he went we should get supplies of fresh away. We afterwards heard food or milk, and as there were that this was the body of only twelve cups and about Sergeant Rawlings, whioh had twenty plates, distribution of just been found, beaten to what food we had was diffiealt. death, beneath the walls of One could summon up courage the Fort, and not Mr Thom. to face these conditions oneself, son's, which had not then been but the presence of so many recovered. When nothing more babies and children made the was left to be done, some of us situation roally serious. One went on to the ramparts for a baby had developed typhoid few minutes' quiet, and from fover that morning, and they the top of the western wall wo all had requirements which saw the native city ablaze with could not be met. eleotrio light-a contrast to the Oar numbers were swelling, darkness behind us.

for not everybody had managed At midnight we turned in, to get to the rallying-posts. but daylight seemed to come Daring the first night three before we had olosed our eyes. survivors who had escaped into The outlook was not pleasant the police station were brought for women who had never out of the oity in Indian known a day's real hardship olothes. They told us of the before: they found themselves infuriated orowds that had suddenly stripped of all the swept through the oity on that deoencies and comforts they terrible afternoon, drunk with had

their viotory over anarmed necessities, and surrounded by men, and calling for “white

oome

to look apon