the author's opinion, that our cruelty arises not only from inadvertence, but even ignorance, and that our system of education is totally defective, burdening the youthful mind with mere forms and useless ideas, instead of essential principles; and that our system of jurisprudence is equally liable to objection, as making no provision for that justice which is due to beasts, of right, as well as to men. Some horrid instances of cruelty are to be found in this chapter. The chapters on the "Hack and Hunter," on the art of riding, and on trotting, capital trotters, &c. are perfectly original; and abound with practical observations and instructions, corresponding with the pre sent statistics of horsemanship, which are to be found in no other work. On draught horses, we entirely agree with the author; but as to the substitution of the heavy ox, for those, we must frankly own, we remain unconvinced by his arguments, however conclusive himself may suppose them. On shoeing, we think he leans too much to the college, even after his late partial recantation. We have never yet been able to find horses, whose frogs and quarters would bear, unprotected, the concussion, and wear and tear of the hard roads; nor do we give implicit credit to accounts of that kind, excepting from the riding-school and parade.

The second volume commences with the "Philosophy of Sports," a part of this work, which always forcibly attracted us, as original, and replete with entertainment and utility. What the author proposes here, is to prove the lawfulness and utility of diversions; the total inutility of mere cruelty and injustice for such end; and to determine, philosophically, which of our sports are legitimate, and which are not. For example, he says, that staking animals to be tor

tured to death, in other words, to be baited, is totally unlawful, on the score of injustice and cruelty-that even hunting timid animals, is a mean and cowardly pursuit; but that hunting noxious and ferocious animals, not only stands in a different predicament, with regard to justice, but is even laudable, as well as amusing, in the light of a sport. The speculations on gaming, or play, are in the free strain of the author, and will occasion a frown on the severe, and excite a smile, on the pliable countenance. His defence of boxing, is in the true style of a Briton, and a philosopher, and we wish every man's son could read it, The fatal knife drawn lately in this metropolis, in a manner so totally abhorrent to English feelings, forcibly prompts this sentiment.

The chapters on the "Economy of the Stable," and on purchase and sale, to repeat our words, are strictly original, replete with those instructions precisely, which every owner of horses stands in need of, and which would in vain be sought for in any other work. A rotunda form of stabling is recommended for a country seat." A circular range of stabling externally, the internal compass of which should form a ride, covered in, above, for the purpose of exercise in bad weather. The uncovered area, shut up from all intrusion, would make a most convenient yard for the various necessary occasions, including that of a good wash-pond." The specious arguments of certain stable economists, who advise to regulate a horse's food according to his work, are examined, p. 76 The question is, Do you require your horse to be in condition? If so, no saving irregularity of feeding will answer the end. The order of feeding and exercise, the care of stallions, the prevention of diseases and of grease, the mode of wintering abroad, &c.

are

are truly excellent, and ought to be imprinted on the memory of all persons interested in the welfare of this noble animal. From the head of "Purchase and Sale," we shall transcribe nothing; advising the reader to have the whole of it at his fingerends, previously to venturing on the uncertain business of horse-dealing. The markets, with all their rocks and quicksands, are fully laid open to his view.

The nature of the "TURF," as we are accustomed, metaphorically, to style the amusement of horseracing, is explained, and a definition given of the race-horse, an animal often talked of, seldom understood, even in this country. Here may be found, a confirmation of that singular phenomenon in animal nature, that, although the Arabian blood is the fountain or source in our horses, of the racing quality, yet the Arabian horses themselves cannot race, that is to say, comparatively with English horses. The following ideas on the quality commonly denominated blood in horses, are curious; but, as we know, from the aggregate experience of our sporting lives, not more curious than true. "Although the general characteristic of thorough blood is speed, yet the final test is not speed, but continuance; since many common or half-bred horses have been known to possess racing speed, but no instance has ever oc curred, of its continuance in those, beyond, perhaps, half a mile; the powers of continuance increase in proportion to the quantity of blood: thus, three-part bred horses will persevere longer than half-bred; and those got by bred horses out of three-part bred mares,will sometimes equal the real racers. Although, amongst horses equally well-bred, superior external conformation will generally prevail in the race, yet racing can in no sort be said absolutely to

depend on good shape; it depends entirely on blood: for example, take the worst shaped true-bred horse you can find, and the best shaped common horse; let the latter have a fine coat, loose thropple, high and declined shoulder, length, speed; in fine, all the admired points of the racer, and such common horses are occasionally to be found, let them run four miles, and the bred horse, although out-footed at first, shall always win the race. This principle is so universal, that perhaps it would be altogether impracticable to find a thorough bred horse in England, sufficiently bad to be beaten four miles by the speediest and best common bred hack." In Mr. Lawrence's opinion, a good racer is able to run more than twentysix miles in one hour, carrying eight stone; and he has pointed out trotters, which, from trials, he judges could have performed twenty miles in one hour, carrying seven stone.

The seas of money, the estates, which might have been saved by a cool and attentive reflection upon the principles unfolded in this chapter!--Humanity to the animal, ever uppermost in this author's mind, is not forgotten; and he labours, as usual, to discriminate, to establish the points of equity between us and the living medium of our pleasures, and to divest horse-racing of every trace of cruelty. He has proved to our full conviction, that, allowing common sense to operate, barbarity is totally needless, or rather utterly incompatible with sport; and that we need lose nothing in the sum of our diversions, by giving up loathsome and degrading acts of cruelty.

From the turf, we proceed to the chapters on "Veterinary, Medicine and Surgery," on which the author shews great and various information; particularly as to the present, in comparison with the former state of

these

these sciences: and we fear he has proved rather too much for modern veterinary pretensions. The reader will find, amongst others, a very curious experiment of dissecting the wind galls, p. 537. Reasons are assigned, and we acknowledge they fully satisfy us, in favour of the system of purging, recommended by our best writers, in order to the preservation of the health and condition of horses. We think, on this head particularly, the work may be consulted with great advantage. How far the author may be right in his objections to the theory of Drs Darwin and Beddoes on Catarrh, we really have not medical skill enough to determine; but, if we cannot argue medically with him, we can laugh heartily at his medical anecdotes: one of which, furnished by the use of the cold bath, may be found p. 322. The same ludicrous vein gets uppermost here and there, even amid the gravity of medical instruction, glaring instances of which occur in pages 406, 453, and 469.

On the "Diseases of the Eyes, on the Grease, and on the Lameness of Horses," in particular, this book has been generally allowed to have great weight, from the long, patient, and practical attention of the author, sufficiently obvious in his treatment of those subjects. The question of the "Elasticity of Tendons" is equally curious and important, and seems to be discussed by Mr. L. in a very scientific way. So much depends on this hinge, as to the cure of tendinous lameness, that we refer our veterinary professional readers, with a degree of eagerness, to this part of the work. The chapter of" Miscellanea" contains receipts for external applications, the method of treating wounds, ulcers, &c. and the work concludes with advice on the diseases of cattle, and the management of cows and calves.

We have assigned our reasons for going into the merits of this work at such length; they are such, also, as we believe will weigh with those who desire information on the various subjects it embraces. At parting, we beg leave to hint to the author, that, in a future edition, a plain practical compendium of the anatomy of the horse, would be a most valuable addition to his work; in fact, would render it complete. One more hint, we trust, he will take in good part-we would counsel him, as friends, to restrain the satirical rage of his redoubtable feathered weapon, which, in spite of acknowledged good nature, and the best intentions, must inevitably make many enemies.

him

Subject of the Print.

GOING OUT IN THE MORNING.

A Beautiful Engraving by

PYE.

From a finely executed Painting of the

YOUNGER SARTORIUS.

WHEN this design was brought

to the publisher by the artist, it was not mentioned that he should continue the subject; yet, notwithstanding it is the same as hath been given, from other hands, in former magazines, we are inclined, in this our Improved Work, to give a fresh set, as they will be wholly new in point of drawing; and engraved in a very superior style to any that have gone before them.-These, however, will not come in very quick succession, as we have some excellent subjects in the engraver's hands; -and which need only be seen to be admired.

FEAST