Orion.

"Heaven's circumference

Is not enough for him to hunt and range,

But with those venom-breathed curs he leads,
He comes to chase health from our earthly bounds.
Each one of those foul-mouthed mangey dogs

Governs a day, (no dog but hath his day),
And all the days by them so governed,

The dog days light."

Nash, Summer's Last Will. Old Plays.-Vol. 9. p. 37.

"Like the red star, that from his flaming hair,

Shakes down diseases, pestilence and war.”

Пiad, B. xix.

"Orion's dog, (the year when autumn weighs),
And o'er the feebler stars exerts his rays;

Terrific glory for his burning breath

Taints the red air with fevers, plagues and death.”

Iliad, B. xxii.

DOG-DAYS.-The Romans sacrificed dogs to the dog

star.

See Pensées sur la Comète, vol, i. p. 171.

WONDERFUL DOGS.

"In a procession before the Grand Signor, which Evlia describes, the shepherds lead along in double or triple chains large dogs of the size of asses, fierce as lions from Africa's shores, the names of which are Palo, Mautslike, Alabaush, Saulbaush, Tooramaun, Karamaun, Komraun, Sarkaun, Aun, Zerke, Wedjaun, Yartaun, Waurdiha, Yeldiha, Karabash, Alabirish, Bora. These dogs are covered with rich cloth,

silver collars, and neck-rings, and a circle of iron points round the neck. Some of them are all clad in armour. They assail not only the wolves which enter the stables and folds, but would also dragons, and go into the fire. The shepherds watch with great care over the purity of the breed; they give for the springing of such a dog one sheep, and five hundred for a Samsoon or shepherd's dog of true race. These dogs descend from the shepherd's dog which entered the cave of the Seven Sleepers in their company. They chase the eagle in the air, the crocodile in the river, and are an excellent breed of welldressed dogs. They are some of the dogs called Teftek Getshissi Kopek, which have been sold at the price of five or six hundred piastres. The shepherds look on these dogs as their companions and brethren, and they have no objection of eating with them out of the same dish; but these dogs perform also everything which they are told to perform: they will, if bid to do so, bring down a man from horseback, however stout a fellow he may be."

Evlia Effendi.

66

HOW THE TARTARS WERE DRIVEN OUT OF THE COUNTRY BY MEN

IN THE SHAPE OF DOGS.

The Tartars, after their wonderful defeat by Presbiter John,

came into a certaine countrey (wherin, as it was reported unto us in the Emperour's court by certaine clergie men of Russia, and others who were long time among them, and that by strong and stedfast affirmation), they found certaine monsters resembling women, who, being asked by many interpreters where the men of that land were, they answered, that whatsoever women were borne there, were indued with the

shape of mankinde, but the males were like unto dogges. And delaying the time, in that countrey, they met with the said dogges on the other side of the river. And in the midst of sharpe winter they cast themselves into the water. Afterwards they wallowed in the dust upon the maine land, and so the dust being mingled with water, was frozen to their backes, and having often times so done, the ice being strongly frozen upon them, with great fury they came to fight against the Tartars. And when the Tartars threwe their dartes, or shot their arrowes among them, they rebounded backe againe, as if they had lighted upon stones, and the rest of their weapons could by no meanes hurt them. Howbeit, the dogges made an assault upon the Tartars, and wounding some of them with their teeth, and slaying others, at length they drove them out of their countries."

Johannes de Plano Carpini.

ARABIAN BITCH THAT DESERTED HER WHELPS.

"On the fifteenth day we came to some horrible precipices and steep mountains. There was running by us a bitch with whelps, that belonged to one of the Arabians, who happened to bring forth her litter there, and seeing us leave her, was horribly afraid to be left there alone with her whelps. For a long time she seemed to be deliberating, at last fell a howling most mournfully, and chose rather to save herself by following us than stay behind and perish with her puppies."

Baumgarten's Travels.

How little the above says for the humanity of her owner and his companions!

"The dogs became dangerous, having preyed upon the slain, so that men dared not travel singly, nor unarmed."

Marle and Houille, A.D. 1213? Martene et Durand.

"The Finlanders used to supply their want of numbers against the Moscovites by the help of war-dogs."

Campanella de Monarchiâ Hispanica, p. 169.

Diogenes.

"D'autres monumens représentent ce fameux philosophe dans son tonneau, d'où sa tête sort comme celle d'une tortue sort de sa coquille. Dans l'une des images il tient d'une main son bâton de philosophe, et de l'autre une besace; il est à côté du frontispice d'un temple; son chien est vis-à-vis de lui: en effet Diogène habitoit dans la portique du Temple de Jupiter, et disoit que les Atheniens en faisant ce superbe portique lui avoient bâti un beau palais. Le tonneau étoit de terre cuite, comme l'étoient ordinairement les autres tonneaux à conserver le vin et les liqueurs. De là vient que Juvenal dit qu'Alexandre apperçut Diogène dans son tonneau de terre cuite. Dans l'autre image, le chien est sur

le tonneau."

Montfaucon, L'Antiquité Expliquée, 1719. Tom. iii., Par. i., p. 2.

The dog represented in the first instance is a smooth, large kind of greyhound; in the second a smaller species of the

same breed. The ears in both are small, erect, and pointed. The tail in the first long and tapering, but that of the other, though long, has a small tuft at the end. Neither Sabbathier nor Smith mention the dog, and the "tub" appears very doubtful.