be disappointed, if we may judge from the entertainment we met with in perusing the Work. This Volume does not, like many of the voyages and travels of the present day, contain much of the wonderful; but in plain language gives, we firmly believe, a true and exact picture of the countries therein described.

The Work being a thin octavo, we must confine ourselves within narrow limits, and be content with presenting to our Readers a short account of the life of the Narrator, and a few extracts, which may afford a fair specimen of the style, and a good idea of the country.

"Archibald Campbell (says the Edifor in the Preface) was born at Wyndford, near Glasgow, on the 19th of July, 1787. His father, who was a soldier in the 45th regiment, died at St. Lucia, upon which his mother removed to Paisley, her native place, when her son was about four years of age. He there received the common rudiments of education; and at the age of ten was bound apprentice to a weaver. Before the term of his apprenticeship had expired, however, a strong desire to visit remote countries induced him to go to sea; and in the year 1800 he entered

"A Gentleman in Rio Janeiro, of the name of Lawrie, had furnished him with letters to his father in Edinburgh, by whose interest he obtained admission into the Infirmary in that city; but after remaining there nearly four months, he was dismissed as incurable.

"Mr. Lawrie, senior, presented him with a barrel-organ, and he contrived to earn a miserable pittance by crawling about the streets of Edinburgh and. Leith, grinding music, and selling a metrical history of his adventures.

"Being ambitious, however, of performing on a more dignified instrument, he has since learned to play on the violin; and he finds employment on board the steam-boats that ply upon the river Clyde, by playing for the amusement of the steerage passengers.

"In one of these vessels his appearance attracted the notice of the Editor; and the answers he gave to some questions excited so much curiosity, that he took him home with the intention of making a few memoranda of his story for his own information.

"The modest and intelligent manne in which it was told, the interesting nature of the incidents, and the curious information it contained, on the subjects to which the attention of the Edi tor had been much directed, created a

tor; and the hope that an account of his voyage might be of service to an unfortunate and deserving man, and not unacceptable to those who take pleasure in contemplating the progress of mankind in the arts of civilization, gave rise to the present Publication."

A great part of the Volume is devoted to a minute description of the Sandwich Islands, because,

"From the advantages they owe to their situation, placed midway between the continents of Asia and America, from the fertility of the soil, and the natural talents and industry of the natives, they promise to become by far the most important of the recently discovered islands in the Pacific Ocean."

Speaking of the Sandwich Islands, our Author observes, that

"The natives, although not tall, are stout and robust in their make, particularly those of the higher rank; their complexion is nut-brown, and they are extremely cleanly in their persons. They are distinguished by great ingenuity in all their arts and manufactures, as well as by a most persevering industry.

"They are divided into two great classes-the Erees, or chiefs; and the Cannakamowree, or people.

"The "The former are the proprietors of the land, the latter are all under the dominion of some chief, for whom they work or cultivate the ground, and by whom they are supported in old age. They are not, however, slaves, or attached to the soil, but at liberty to change masters when they think proper.

"The supreme government is vested in the King, whose power seems to be completely absolute. He is assisted by the principal chiefs, whom he always keeps about his person; many of these have particular departments to attend to; one chief took charge of the household, and appointed the different suryeys to be performed by every individual; another, named Coweeowranee, acted as pay-master-his province was to distribute wages and provisions amongst the people in the King's service. "An elderly chief of the name of Naai took a general charge of the whole, and was, in fact, prime minister. He was commonly called Billy Pitt by the white people; and was by no means pleased when they addressed him by any other appellation.

"The principal duties of the executive were, however, entrusted to the priests; by them the revenues were collected and the laws enforced. Superstition is the most powerful engine by which the Jatter purpose is effected, actual punishment being rare. I knew only of one instance of capital punishment, which was that of a man who had violated the sanctity of the Morai. Having got drunk, he quitted it during taboo time, and entered the house of a woman. He was immediately seized and carried back to the Morai, where his eyes were put out. After remaining two days in this state he was strangled, aud his body exposed before the principal idol.

"The method of detecting theft or robbery affords a singular instance of the power of superstition over their minds. The party who has suffered the loss applies to one of the priests, to whom he presents a pig and relates his story.

"The following ceremony is then performed: The priest begins by rubbing two pieces of green wood upon each other, till, by the friction, a kind of powder like snuff is produced, which is so hot, that on being placed on dry grass, and blown upon, it takes fire; with this a large pile of wood is kindled, and allowed to burn a certain time. He then takes three nuts of an oily nature, called tootooee; having broken the shells, one of the kernels is thrown into the fire, at which time he says an

anana, or prayer; and, while the nut is crackling in the fire, repeats the words Muckeero o kanaka ai kooee-that is, Kill or shoot the fellow. The same ceremonies take place with each of the nuts, provided the thief does not appear before they are consumed.

This, however, but seldom happens; the culprit generally makes his appearance with the stolen property, which is restored to the owner, and the offence punished by a fine of four pigs. He is then dismissed with strict injunctions not to commit the like crime in future, under pain of a more severe penalty, The pigs are taken to the Morai, where they are offered up as sacrifices, and afterwards eaten by the priests.

"Should it happen that the unfortunate criminal does not make his appearance during the awful ceremony, hís fate is inevitable; had he the whole island to bestow, not one word of the prayer could be recalled, nor the anger of the Etooah [God] appeased. The circumstance is reported to the King, and proclamation made throughout the island that a certain person has been robbed, and that those who are guilty have been prayed to death.

"So firm is their belief in the power of these prayers, that the culprit pines away, refusing to take any sustenance; and at last falls a sacrifice to his credulity.

"The priests also practise medicine. Bathing is their great specific. If the patient is too weak to be carried to the sea, he is washed with salt water. The oil, extracted from a nut, called tootooe, is used as a purgative; and a black mineral substance, reduced to a powder, as an emetic. This is very powerful in its effects, half the quantity that can be laid on a sixpence forming a sufficient dose.

"I have but few particulars to give of their religious opinions. Their principal God, to whom they attribute the creation of the world, is called Etooah; and they have seven or eight subordinate deities, whose images are in the Morai, and to whom offerings are made as well as to the Etooah: their names I cannot recollect.

"They believe in a future state, where they will be rewarded or punished for their conduct in this life. Their belief in the efficacy of prayer has already been remarked. During the time I lived with the King it was reported that some person had prayed him to death; in order to counteract the effects of this, the daughter of a chief prostrated herself before the house, and, turning towards the setting sun, prayed with great fervency. I did not then understand the

the language, and imagined that she was addressing that luminary; but William Moxely explained that part to me. She said, How could the sun rise or set, or the moon perform her revolutions, if there were not some Superior Being who regulated their motions.

"They have a tradition of a general Deluge. According to their account the sea once overflowed the whole world, except Mouna Kaa, in Owhyhee, and swept away all the inhabitants but one pair, who saved themselves on that mountain; and are the parents of the present race of mankind.

"Their Morais, or places of worship, consist of one large house or temple,

with some smaller ones round it, in

which are the images of their inferior gods. The tabooed, or consecrated precincts, are marked out by four square posts, which stand thirty or forty yards from the building. In the inside of the principal house there is a screen or curtain of white cloth hung across one end, within which the image of Etooah is placed. When sacrifices are offered the priests and chiefs enter occasionally within this space, going in at one side, and out at the other. Although present on one occasion I did not enter this recess, partly because I was doubtful of the propriety of doing so, and also on account of the difficulty I had in moving myself, and the risk of getting my wounds injured among the crowd."

"On the outside are placed several images made of wood, as ugly as can be well imagined, having their mouths all stuck round with dogs teeth.

"Their holidays took place about four times a month, and the ceremonies lasted from sun set on the day preceding to sun rise on the following day; during which no person was permitted to pass the bounds of the Morai. This time was spent in prayer, in sacrificing pigs, in eating the sacrifices, and in conversation. I attended only once, and was not at that time sufficiently master of the language to understand the purport of the prayers. "The priest continued nearly three hours, in a very solemn manner, during which the most profound silence was preserved; indeed, the smallest noise of any kind, either within the Morai, or in the neighbourhood, would have been a proof that the Deity was offended, and the prayer must have ceased. A proclamation was therefore made by the public crier, whenever the King entered the Morai, ordering every animal near it to be confined, otherwise they should be seized and offered up as sacrifices. Those present stood with their arms extended towards Heaven for about three

quarters of an hour at the beginning of the prayer, and the same length of time at its conclusion. I was not required to perform this part of the ceremony.

"The number present did not exceed forty, and were all of the highest rank. Women are never permitted on these occasions.

"Human sacrifices are offered upon their going to war; but nothing of the kind took place during my stay, unless in the case already mentioned, of the man punished for breaking the taboo, and whose body was exposed before the

idol."

We shall conclude our extracts

with the following account of the King [Tamaahmaah] and his family.

"In 1809 the King seemed about 50 years of age; he is a stout, well-made man, rather darker in the complexion than the natives usually are, and wants two of his front teeth. The expression of his countenance is agreeable, and he is mild and affable in his manners, and possesses great warmth of feeling, for I have seen him shed tears upon the departure of those to whom he was attached; and has the art of attaching others to himself. Although a conqueror, he is extremely popular among his subjects; and not without reason, for since he attained the supreme power, they have enjoyed repose and prosperity. He has amassed a considerable treasure in dollars, and possesses a large stock of European articles of every description, particularly arms and ammunition ; these he has acquired by trading with the ships that call at the islands. He understands perfectly how to make a bargain; but is unjustly accused of wishing to over-reach in his dealings. I never knew of his taking any undue advantages; on the contrary, he is distinguished for upright and honourable conduct in all his transactions. War, not commerce, seems to be his principal motive in forming so extensive a navy. Being at peace, his fleet was laid up in ordinary during the whole time of my stay: when he chooses to fit it out, he will find no difficulty in manning his vessels. Independently of the number of white people he has constantly about him, and who are almost all sailors, he will find, even among his own subjects, many good seamen. He encourages them to make voyages in the ships that are constantly touching at the Islands; and many of them have been as far as China, the North-west coast of America, and even the United States. In a very short time they become useful hands, and continue so as long

1

long as they remain in warm climates; but they are not capable of standing the effects of cold.

"During my stay the building of the navy was suspended, the King's workmen being employed in erecting a house, in the European style, for his residence at Hanaroora. When I came away the walls were as high as the top of the first story.

His family consisted of the two

Sundays, and great Festivals, thoughout the Year; shewing the Connexion between the Old and New Testaments; and explaining the Histories, Characters, Types, and Prophecies of the former, by the Events, Personages, Realities, and Fulfilments, of the latter. By the Rev. Richard Warner, Rector of Great Chalfield, Wilts. 3 vols. 12mo. Longman and Co.

OF this Series of Discourses, only

girl, the daughter of a chief, destined to the same rank. He had two sons alive, one about fifteen, the other about

ten years of age, and a daughter born when I was upon the Island.

"The Queen was delivered about midnight, and the event was instantly announced by a salute of sixteen guns, being a round of the battery in front of the house."

In the other parts of Mr. Campbell's Voyage we were frequently reminded of that well-known and interesting book, "The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe."

Appendix, No. 1, consists of a vocabulary of the language of the Sand

wich Islands.

No. 2, contains a statement of the Author's case by Dr. Nordgoorst, translated from the Russian.

No. 3, gives an historical account of the Sandwich Islands, collected from the Voyages of Cook, Meares, Portlocke, Vancouver, Broughton, Turnbull, and Lisianski.

No. 4, consists merely of a few

notes.

The Work before us (which, we had nearly forgot to add, is illustrated by a chart, marking the track of the Eclipse's long boat from Sannack to Kodiak) is published for the benefit of the poor fellow who is the subject of it, and is well worth perusing. ludeed, we sincerely hope and trust that the Author has by this time met with some kind patron who will keep him during the rest of his life trom poverty and distress. Great praise is due to the Editor, not only for presenting to the publick this pleasing little Volume, but also for his cha ritable intention in thereby benefiting

the Author.

Z***.

90. Old Church of England Principles opposed to the "New Light;" in a series of Plain, Doctrinal, and Practical Sermons, on the First Lesson in the Morning Service of the different

the others being speedily to follow. The Reverend Author thus solemnly addresses the Reader:

"It is, probably, the last theological work, of any extent, which I shall obtrude upon the notice of the publick; and as such, I wish it to bear a deep impress of my own opinions and convictions, as a Christian, a Member of the Establishment, and a Minister of the Church of England. My objects, then, are these. First; To shew, that the two Testaments form one grand and beautiful whole, and point to the same glorious intention and end, the salvation of all mankind, through the merits and mediation of an everlasting and crucified Saviour: and that the doctrines and precepts of revelation are every way calcu lated to promote this glorious end; being in perfect accordance with the plain deductions of right reason, and the best affections of the human heart; and exquisitely adapted to enlighten and improve mankind, and to spread virtue and order, peace and charity, through human society. Secondly: To prove, that the doctrines, principles, and ordinances of the Established Church exactly harmonize with this view of the Bible; that they are scriptural, reasonable, and edifying, and calculated to render its members pious, moral, and practically useful. And thirdly, to manifest, that the opinions of the Calvinistic and (as they are commonly called) Evangelical Clergy, are not consonant with the scriptures, with reason, nor with the principles of the Established Church, as developed in our Prayer Book, and in the theological works of our most orthodox Divines.In endeavouring to establish this last

point, I confess that I have felt much pain; since I most cordially believe the whole body of Evangelical Clergy to be pious and conscientious, though (in my opinion) mistaken, men; with all of whom I am in perfect charity, and for some of whom I entertain a sincere friendship. But, magis amica veritas : and when I contemplate the rapid spread of their principles, and perceive the evil effects in society resulting from the popularity pularity of these principles, I feel it to be a public duty, paramount to any private sentiment, to strive, as much as in me lieth, to expose their fallacy, and check their progress."

It is needless to add that the Sermons of Mr. Warner are strictly in unison with the sound doctrines of the Established Church, of which he has so long been a zealous Minister.

91. Scripture Directory; or, an Attempt

to assist the Unlearned Reader to understand the General History and leading Subjects of the Old and New Tes'tament. By Thomas Jones, Curate of Creaton. 12mo, pp. 140, 161.

THE Author of this little Treatise,

which has passed through four Edi

tions, observes, that

"Under a conviction that something upon this plan might be useful to young Readers, he hath shewed his good-will to them, and wishes that his production was more worthy of their perusal. And he here, once for all, acknowledges that he has frequently borrowed sentiments, and at times expressions, from different writers on the Scriptures."

92. Claremont. A Poem. By Thomas Harral. 4to. pp. 16. E. Wilson. THIS Poem was originally printed in "The Suffolk Chronicle," and afterwards engrafted in "The Cypress Wreath," a collection of elegant effusions edited on the same occasion; and is now republished in a neat little pamphlet.

The language is easy and pleasing. "It was the loveliest evening of the [flowerThe bean-field's blossom, and the poet's

year!

"It may not, perhaps, be thought obtrusive, or altogether irrelevant, to say,

that he was a man who feared God and honoured the King; a man, whom to know, was to love, to admire, to esteem, and to venerate. Nor were his talents inferior to his virtues. In the year 1813, he published a volume of Poems, com

prising, Pleasures of the Naval Life,'

and The Battle of Trafalgar,' in the good old English heroic-the verse of Dryden and of Pope-which, unless the eye of friendship have overlooked their defects, and magnified their beauties, are superior, in their class, to any that have appeared since the days of Falconer.

"Of warm and unimpeachable loyalty; of piety, pure, cheerful, and unaffected; of benevolence, the most aetive and disinterested; Mr. Downey closed a brief, but honourable and useful life, on the 5th of July, 1816.

In languor sunk his eagle eye, Yet so serene as 'twere a bliss to die; With his last breath a sailor's spirit fir'd His accents firm, nor haply then expir'd.'"

rich;

The distant low of cattle, on the gale,
Breath'd soft and mellow; and the song-
The latest song of eve-was faintly heard.
From forth my chamber, op'ning to the
West,
I saw, in light subdu'd, the orb of day'
Then verging to repose. I mark'd his
slow
[rays,
Descent! A moment more, and all his
In all their splendour, sank beneath the
[tint
Yet shone the sky with many a glowing
Of gold and purple, glorious to the eye,
In promise fertile of the morrow's dawn.

wave!

'Twas beautiful! 'Twas soothing to the soul

[muse, Of contemplation! Long did I gaze and And, all unconscious of th' approach of night,

Ador'd the God of Nature in his works."