in every civil fociety, he infifts on the peculiar excellencies of our government, which, from its fuperior advantages, is defervedly an object of the most enthufiaftic admiration. In addition to thefe general excellencies of the British conftitution, which place this country on the pinnacle of human glory, and render Great Britain the mediating power in the fcale of nations, to which all look for the prefervation of the rights and liberties eftablished among ftates, the author, with great propriety, mentions two etninent inftances of protection, or general benefit and fecurity, extended to this nation, which are perfonally afcribable to our illuftrious fovereign. The force of virtuous example, fo eminently difplayed from the throne; and an Act, that will outlaft every thing that is not immortal, as the fpirit of its author; the defire of his prefent Majefty, that the judges fhould be made independent of the king, his minifter, and fucceffors. The author contends, that there is a ftrict analogy between the Infidels of the prefent day, and the adverfaries of our government; that the enemies of the Chriflian religion, of civil government, and of the English conftitution, are the fame. Thefe he diftributes into two claffes, the one of those who exhibit a ferocious malignity in their oppofition; the other including certain coxcombs of fophiftry and farcafm, on whom the courtefy of the world has lavifhed the title of philofophers, who are alfo characterized by a fneering malignity, but principally by levity and buffoonery. But he adds, though the heart may palpitate at the impiety of the affault, it yet conceives no alarm, from the confideration of the power that is now provoked into the conteft. In producing our fpecimens of this work, we fhall present our readers, in the first place, with the author's account of the government fubfifting in England; and, with honeft pride, fubmit it to the judgment, as well as the feelings of our readers. "To the confcience of every Englishman we now appeal; to that honour, that franknefs and honefty, which, we fain would flatter ourfelves, ftamps the character of Englishmen; to them we ask, Where Has fuch a government been found?—What ficial fruits has that government produced ? "Did it exift in Egypt or the Eaft; in Greece or in Rome? No! it was at belt a phantom in the minds of their wifeft philofophers; a point of imaginary perfection, to which they hardly could allow themfelves to hope, that human nature would, in practice, ever be able to attain. "Did it fucceed to the fubverfion of empire in Rome, and eftablish itself on the ruins of imperial tyranny? Alas! the various fhapes of defpotifm or licentioufnefs, that fprung from the ruin of the empire, thowed how ill it was to be procured by turbulence or wan war. Did it any where attempt to gain a real and fubftantial exiftence? If fuch efforts it feemed here and there to make, they proved abortive; the balance was prefently turned, and the scale fixed by the preponderance of one or other of the powers. There remained however one great and illuftrious exception, one brilliant and fingle inftance of fuccefs amidft the general failure. This principle of government, the faireft offspring of wisdom and of justice, involved itfelf in the origin of civilization in England, and accompanied its progrefs through every modification of its polity. It influenced every act tending to the public good; and if at any time the equilibrium was loft by the vacillation of the balance, this principle reftored it; it brought the fcales by degrees to an exact and perfect equipoife; and at length fixed the beam, fo that no moderate convulfion could turn it. Such is the nature of the government fubfifting in England. It provides a univerfal control over all who are fubject to it, whether king, peerage, or commons: for king, peers, and commons, are equally fubject to that rule, which is paramount over all. As far as human nature can allow it, as far as any effect can be perfect, of which man is the inftrument or medium, the conftitution of this government is perfect. Some of thofe defects which will ever adhere to works of human execution, may doubtless be discoverable even here; but it contains within itfelf a correcting energy, acting always up to the meafure of experimental neceffity. That principle which was coeval with its origin, and attendant on every step of its progrefs, ftill animates its fyftem; it is immortal and exhauftlefs as the immutable wisdom from whence it fprings; and if we defert not it, it never will defert us." P. 115. On the perfonal character of the Sovereign, the author defcants in a manner that does honour to his head, and to his heart. "There is another kind of protection, not neceffarily flowing from the kingly office, however eminently becoming it, and that is, the protection, or general benefit and fecurity, refulting from the force of virtuous example. This, wherever it occurs, is perfonal and individual; it is the effect, not of human laws, not of artificial contrivance, but of an intrinfic regard to what is right, of an active principle, urging to the obfervance of that moral rule which the mind recognises to be preferibed by God. Whether or not fuch example is difplayed from the throne, let common fenfe, and common place honefty pronounce. We fhall not make this appeal to cavillers and fcoffers, thofe annoyers of every thing grave and important, but to thofe who compofe the great bulk of the nation; to all the different relations of husband and wife, of parent and child, of matter and fervant. Let every family be a tribunal to decide, whether domestic virtue is recommended from the throne, by the commanding power of example; whether the obfcureft retreat affords an inftance of nature's faireft ties more honoured or fecured, than in the focus of artificial life, in the vortex of pleasure and extravagance? If the decifion is affirmative, then let us look back to fee, how often history teaches to expect the return of fo great a bleffing. What if the Court were a fcene of profligacy and irreligion? What if we faw revived the diffolute times of Charles the Second? Should we not then purfue, in imagination, what we now in reality poffefs? Since, then, we have the protection of example held out from the eminence of fovereignty, and with a luftre not often paralleled in the annals of our history, let us not be fo defpicably mean, as to withhold from it the honour due to it in every elevation of life; nor fo prepofteroufly ftupid, as to be unable to eftimate its value in that particular fituation. Let us cherifh the bleffing we poffefs with all the anxiety that honour can infpire, and defend it with all the effect that wisdom can fuggeft; and when the courfe of nature shall occafion the demife, may the impreffion of the example accompany the progrefs of the Crown, through every future defcent!" P. 147. One more extract we cannot prevail ourselves to withhold. They who value the religion, as well as the government of this happy country, will think it juftly entitled to their approbation. "Thus is Christian religion the exhauftlefs fource of that principle of moral obedience copied after in civil government, and the want of which that fcheme is intended to fupply. It is the life that government, proceeding from principles implanted by God, aims to establish. For what does government intend, but the peace and welfare of mankind? And what does chriftian religion enjoin, but univerfal love to all mankind? And what is "love" but " the fulfilling of the laws?" Chriftian religion is therefore the life which the human mature will five, when the neceffities of human government fhall cease, and man be ultimately and immediately fubjected to the eternal monarchy of God. It is a perfect life attempted to be lived among the imperfections of human fociety. It is the anticipation of that fcheme of polity, of focial intercourfe, which will fupplant the diftractions of the prefent fcene, and which the great apoftle fo fublimely intends when he fays, "Our form of focial* unim exifts in heaven." "And thall we then relinquifh fuch a religion to the defilement of its affaiiers? Shall we defert thofe principles of focial intercourfe producing government which were originally prepared by God, and which are therefore naturally invigorated by the genial influence of his own religion? And fhall we abandon that fplendid form of government, rising out of thofe principles, and nourished by the follering care of wisdom, of virtue, and of freedom, during a growth of many centuries? We need not Your anfwer. Your determination is too diftinctly forefeen. That form of government, is all You can in this life enjoy, towards obtaining thofe bleffings, which the original law of nature, and the fubfequent difpenfation of chriftianity, defign for the human fpecies. But unless we manfully adhere to the pot of duty; unless we difplay to the enemy a vigilance equal to his, and a courage and power fuperior to his; that blefiing will be precarious and infecure. Of all mortal prognoftics among ftates, none are fo dreadfully certain, as imaginary fecurity in the midst of danger. So the author renders πολιτευμα. Rev. "The "The Kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the world, would not have believed that the adverfary and the enemy fhould have entered into the Gates of Jerufalem;" And yet they did enter, and did not leave one ftone upon another." To defend the conftituted polity of England against its embittered and distracted foes, is at all times, therefore, the duty of Englifhmen; to defend it at this particular time, or to ftand prepared for its defence, is a duty in a peculiar and confpicuous manner impofed upon You*; because YOUR RESIDENCE is the theatre that Treafon has felected for her atrocities; and because the unquestionable light of experience difcovers to us, which is the Occafion that the esteems most favourable to her views. What You are to do, how You are to conduct YOURSELVES, is not for us to prefume to point out. The laws of your country impofe a falutary constraint on the activity of individuals, and confign the power of all public acting exclufively to the organs of the ftate. But what thofe laws concede, that You may rightfully affume. And furely they concede to You various means for preventing the repetition of thofe fcarcely paralleled enormities; which, at the time of the king's last progrefs to the Parliament, produced a tranfient comparison between the capital of England and the capital of France. You have wifdom, You have power, You have leifure to decide, how You may beft oppofe loyalty to treafon, freedom to favagenefs, courage to ferocity, obedience to rebellion, order to diforder. All that we may venture to suggest is, in the words of the highest authority; "Be vigilant.-Be frong and of good courage; dread not, nor be dismayed.” P. 176. ART. XI. The Inoculator, or Suttonian Syftem of Inoculation, fully fet forth in a plain and familiar Manner. By Daniel Sutton, Surgeon; who introduced the new Method of Inocula tion into this Kingdom, in the Year 1763, 8vo. 160 pp. 3s. Dilly. 1796. THE obfervations are preceded by an advertisement, in which the author complains, that either through malevolence or ignorance, a report has been induftriously circulated that he had long fince quitted bufinefs, and, lately, that he was dead. In order to repel this report, and to identify himself, the author has here published a copy of a patent of arms, granted to him in the feventh year of the reign of his prefent majefty, as a mark of the royal favour and approbation. We are very forry, from whatever cause it may have happened, that the * The inhabitants of London and Weftminster, to whom the whole iş addreffed. Rev. author author fhould feel himself under a neceffity of having recourfe to this method of identifying that he is the perfon who firft introduced the prefent improved method of inoculation; becaufe if there were any doubt of the circumftance, the mere poffeffion of the patent would contribute very little towards removing it. For our own part, we are very well fatisfied he is the perfon; and, as the improvements first fuggested by him, and which, with little variation, have been long fince generally adopted, have been productive of the greatest public advantages, we heartily with that government, who are certainly intimately concerned in every thing that relates to the good of the country, would think proper to give him fome more fubftantial proof of their approbation, than a coat of arms. As we believe, even in thefe eventful times, the public would gladly contribute towards rendering the evening of life eafy and comfortable, to a perfon from whom they have derived fuch confiderable benefits. The firft divifion of the work is employed in developing the author's theory of the fmall-pox, or the mode in which the variolous poifon operates upon the body, in producing the difeafe. The leading idea is, that the infection never mixes with, or occafions any change in the blood, but that its effects are confined to the cuticle, or the part immediately under the cuticle. He denies that either the age, manner of living, or general habit of body of the patient, or the different temperature or conftitution of the air, have the smallest influence in producing a mild or malignant species of the disease. “ I am perfuaded," he fays, p. 43, "from the obfervations I have made, that the difeafe is not by all, or any of thefe occurrences, capable of being aggravated, not a fingle puftule fuperadded, beyond what the conftitution would otherwife have fuffered, had it been in perfect health." But this affertion must be admitted with fome limitation. The author indeed acknowledges, in another place, p. 62, that perfons taking the difeafe between the ages of eighteen and twenty-eight, will, cateris paribus, fuffer more from the eruptive fever, and have a larger quantity of puftules, than if inoculated at any earlier or later period: and it is well known that, in fome years, the fmall-pox, taken in the natural way, is more malignant and fatal than in others. This cannot be accounted for by any peculiarity in the organization of the fkin, to which the author attributes it, but is probably dependent on fome quality or difpofition of the air, infcrutable by our fenfes; as Sydenham has clearly shown, it is totally independent of the known and fenfible properties of that element. In the fecond part the author has defcribed, in a clear and diftinct manner, every circumstance |