to their native land in the Jubilee Year of Confederation. At the Annual Meeting on May 10, 1927, the following officers were elected: President, W. W. Colpitts; 1st Vice-President, Hon. James Malcolm; 2nd Vice-President, Arthur Stringer; 3rd Vice-President, W. Ellsworth Bagnall; Treasurer, Raymond C. Brown; Hon. Secretary, Edwin A. Scott.

The Empire Club of Canada. At the Annual Meeting on Jan. 13, 1927, the Secretary-Treasurer, H. G. Stapells, M.A., reported that the year 1926 might well have been classified as a 'Consolidation Year." Changes necessitated by changing circumstances were made such as an increase in fees to cover the cost of the Year Book, while there was a gratifying response to an appeal by the President for new members. A sturdy and promising unit of the Club had been established in Winnipeg in June under the presidency of Col. J. E. Hansford and with P. G. Leaney as Secretary-Treasurer, together with an Executive of distinction. Among the distinguished speakers who addressed the Club in 1926 were His Excellency, Viscount Willingdon, Governor-General of Canada, who spoke on "International, Empire and Dominion Co-operation"; the Rt. Hon. and Rt. Rev. Arthur F. Winnington-Ingram, Lord Bishop of London, on "Bonds of the British Empire"; His Excellency, the Rt. Hon. Timothy A. Smiddy, on "The Economic Conditions and Policies of the Irish Free State"; His Excellency, the Rt. Hon. Sir Esme Howard, British Ambassador to the United States; the Rt. Hon. Lord Darling of Langham and the Diwan Bahadur, Sir T. Vijayaraghaaracharya. Officers for 1927 were: President, Col. Alexander Fraser, LL.D.; 1st Vice-President, Robert Fennell; 2nd Vice-President, Col. Henry Brock; 3rd Vice-President, C. A. C. Jennings; Secretary-Treasurer, H. G. Stapells, M.A.

The Winnipeg Branch, after an active and successful year, held its annual meeting on May 18, 1927. At this gathering a resolution was unanimously adopted placing the Club on record “as favouring the closest possible co-operation with Great Britain in naval defence, and with that end in view, Canada's policy should be part of a general Empire policy arrived at after consultation between Great Britain and the other Dominions forming the Commonwealth." Officers elected were: President, Lt.-Col. J. E. Hansford; Vice-Presidents, W. J. Tupper, K.C.; Edward Anderson, K.C.; Charles F. Gray; Recording Secretary, Ernest Atkins; Corresponding Secretary, A. J. Turtle; Treasurer, John V. Harrison.

Native Sons of Canada. Incorporated in 1922, this organization consisted in 1926 of a Grand Council and 82 Assemblies, and it had its head office in Victoria, B.C. Its aims were: (1) To keep in Canada all her native born. (2) To bring back to Canada all those Canadians who reside in foreign lands. (3) To induce desirable people to make homes in Canada. (4) To create and foster a distinctively Canadian National Spirit. (5) To provide a nonpartisan, non-sectarian influence in the affairs of Canada. (6) To promote a spirit of national unity and harmony, and to foster a distinctive sense and pride in the privileges of Canadian citizenship. (7) To further the development of Canadian literature, art, science, music and Canadian institutions generally. (8) To generally promote the interests of Canada and Canadians. The Grand Council held its Annual Meeting in Vancouver, July 8-10, 1926, and passed resolutions endorsing: (1) Abolition of Privy Council appeals from Canada. (2) Registration of native-born Canadians as 'Canadians" on birth records and census returns. (3) A distinctively Canadian flag with official status. (4) Development of scientific research, particularly the work of the National Research Council. (5) Improvement of living conditions of Canadian Indians. (6) Employment of a greater percentage of native born Canadians by the Dominion and Provincial Governments. (7) Adoption into the curricula of Canadian schools and universities of a text book to contain accounts of the sayings and doings of the Fathers of Confederation. Grand Council officers elected were Grand President, Charles F. Jamieson, Lethbridge; Grand 1st VicePresident, Frank L. Cummings, South Vancouver; Grand 2nd Vice-President, Col. J. F. Mitchell, Winnipeg; Grand Treasurer, Arthur C. Pike, Victoria, and Grand Secretary, Robert D. MacLachlan, Victoria.

The Rotary Club. Originating in Chicago in 1905, the Rotary Club became a national body in 1910 and an international association in 1912.

Two

The name, Rotary International, was adopted in 1922. The organization had as its objects: (1) the ideal of Service as the basis of all worthy enterprise; (2) high ethical standards in business and professions; (3) application of the ideal of Service by every Rotarian to his personal, business and community life; (4) development of acquaintances as an opportunity for Service; (5) recognition of the worthiness of all useful occupations and the dignifying by each Rotarian of his occupation as an opportunity to serve Society; (6) advancement of understanding, good-will and international peace through a world-fellowship of business and professional men united in the Rotary ideal of Service. district conferences were held in Canada in 1926-27, the first that of the 28th District, comprising the State of New York and the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec, which took place in Ottawa, Apr. 29-30, 1927, and the second that of the 4th District, comprising the territory north of the international boundary between the Great Lakes and the Rocky Mountains, which took place in Winnipeg, May 2-4, 1927. At the former, J. J. Allen, Ottawa, was elected District Governor, and at the latter Theodore A. Torgeson, Estevan, Sask., was similarly honoured. In both cases elaborate programmes of entertainment were provided, while at the banquet in connection with the Ottawa Conference, the Prime Minister, Rt. Hon. W. L. Mackenzie King was the guest of honour. The 17th Annual Convention of the international body took place in Ostend, Belgium, during the week of June 6, 1927, with 7,000 delegates present, representing 38 countries. Joe S. Royer, Quebec, was elected Director for Canada.

The Kiwanis Club. The first Kiwanis Club was organized in Detroit in January, 1915. Since then the movement has spread rapidly through the United States and Canada until at the Annual Meeting in Memphis, Tenn., June 6-9, 1927, it was reported that there were 1,640 clubs with a membership of 100,160. The objects of the organization were: (1) promotion of an intelligent, aggressive and serviceable citizenship; (2) universal exercise of the franchise; (3) service to the under-privileged child; (4) closer association of urban and rural people; (5) stimulation of civic and national interests; (6) increasing influence in the conduct of public affairs; (7) better business standards; (8) other efforts pertaining to health, sanitation, charities, etc., which make life worth while, and contribute to social welfare and comfort. A feature of the convention in Memphis was an international observance of gratitude for the peaceful relationship and understanding that had existed between the United States and Canada for over a century. The national anthems of both countries were sung. Another feature was the presentation of the Report of the Public Affairs Committee for Canada by H. W. Whitla, K.C., Winnipeg, Chairman. The subjects dealt with by the Committee during the year included immigration, forest conservation, exercise of the franchise, commercial aviation, character education, juvenile crime, citizenship, and the celebration of the Diamond Jubilee of Confederation, in all of which the Kiwanis Clubs in Canada had taken an active and helpful interest. Of importance in 1926-27 was the observance by Kiwanis Clubs in both the United States and Canada of United States-Canada Week, Apr. 24-30. Appropriate programmes were arranged stressing the century of peace and understanding between the two countries, and the special significance of Kiwanis in its twelve years of developing friendship and fellowship between the Kiwanians of the two countries.

The 11th Annual

The Canadian Cavalry Association. Meeting was held at the headquarters of the 19th Alberta Dragoons, Edmonton, Oct. 5, 1926. Reports of the Secretary, Treasurer and representatives of the District Associations were received, and the following resolutions were discussed and adopted: (1) Requesting the N.D.H.Q. to appoint a committee to reconsider the conditions under which Battle Honours were allotted. (2) Requesting the N.D.H.Q. to co-operate with the Department of Agriculture so that remount stations might be established in each District where none at present existed. (3) Readjustment of the system of purchasing remounts. (4) Urging the desirability of having Parliament appoint annually a Select Standing Committee of both Houses on National Defence. (5) Defining Government responsibility in the case of accidents during camp sports. (6) Asking duty free entry of military equipment and uniforms. (7) Requesting the Department to supply such units

as had not yet received an issue with long rifle-buckets. (8) Endorsing the formation of the Canadian Legion of the British Empire Service. Officers elected were: President, Col. Ibbotson Leonard, D.S.O., V.D., A.D.C.; Hon. Secretary, Major F. B. Inkster, V.D.; Hon. Treasurer, Lieut.-Col. R. M. Courtney, R.O.

The Canadian Artillery Association. The Annual Meeting was held in Ottawa, Feb. 10, 1927, and was attended by His Excellency the Governor-General, who addressed the Association, and also presented a number of trophies. The Meeting drew up a number of recommendations affecting the service, for presentation to the Department of National Defence. Officers elected were President, Lieut.-Col. J. A. McDonald, D.S.O., Sydney; Vice-Presidents, Lieut.-Col. E. G. M. Cape, D.S.o., Montreal; Lieut.-Col. J. C. Harris, Victoria; Lieut.-Col. J. Grindey, Winnipeg; Lieut.-Col. F. E. Wootton, M.C., Saskatoon; Secretary-Treasurer, Col. C. H. L. Sharman, C.M.G., C.B.E., Ottawa; Auditor, Lieut.-Col. J. F. Cunningham, Ottawa.

The

The Canadian Machine Gun Corps Association. Annual Meeting took place in Ottawa on May 26, 1927. That the machine gun would play an important part in the wars of the future, owing to the development of mechanical warfare, was the opinion of those in attendance. Officers elected were President, Col. B. O. Hooper, D.S.O., M.C., Hamilton; Vice-President, Col. F. W. Miller, Winnipeg; Secretary-Treasurer, Captain G. W. Ross, Ottawa.

Boy Scouts. There were 28,817 boy scouts and 15,319 wolf cubs in Canada in 1926, according to the census returns of the Boy Scouts Association. These were enrolled in 1,305 troops and 651 packs respectively. As the report of the Executive Committee stated at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian General Council in Ottawa, May 3, 1927, “If the Chief Scout for Canada were to stand on any given spot and the boys and men who have taken scout training in this country were to march past him, single fyle, two paces apart, during the eight working hours of the day, the Chief Scout and ourselves, standing beside him, would see a constantly moving line of Scouts all day Monday, all day Tuesday, all day Wednesday, all day Thursday, all day Friday, all day Saturday, and half of Sunday." The Chief Scout, His Excellency, the Governor-General, was present, and expressed himself as profundly impressed with and interested in the remarkable progress made by the Boy Scouts in Canada during recent years. All officers were re-elected: Chief Commissioner, James W. Robertson, C.M.G., LL.D.; Assistant Chief Commissioner, John A. Stiles, B.A.SC., M.E.I.C.; Hon. Secretary, Gerald H. Brown; Hon. Treasurer, D. M. Finnie; Hon. Counsel, Francis H. Gisborne, D.C.L., I.S.O.

The Canadian Legion. Organized in 1925 for the purpose of bringing together into one body the various veterans' associations which had sprung up in Canada since the War, the Canadian Legion of the British Empire Service was formally constituted and commenced to function on Apr. 15, 1926, while on July 29 it was announced that a charter of incorporation had been issued at Ottawa giving legal effect to the work of unification that had been proceeding. Provincial conventions had been held and Provincial Commands organized as follows: Saskatchewan, Feb. 17-19; Manitoba, Mar. 18-19; British Columbia, May 7-8; Nova Scotia, May 18-19; Quebec, May 21; Alberta, June 3-4; Ontario, June 3-4; New Brunswick, June 16; Prince Edward Island, June 16.

The work of the League in 1926 was reviewed at the first Annual Meeting, which was held in Winnipeg, Jan. 24-27, 1927. The National President, Sir Percy Lake, K.C.M.G., K.C.B., stated in his address that he had signed over 300 charters to date, each representing an efficient and fully paid-up branch, and that there were at least 100 other existing branches. There was a fully paid-up membership of over 20,000 recorded at headquarters, and there were undoubtedly many more not reported. Nearly 20,000 Legion badges had been issued. With respect to the work of unification, Sir Percy stated that the only recognized ex-service organizations which had decided not to join the Legion were, so far as he was aware, the Army and Navy Veterans, the Amputations' Association

of the Great War, and the Veterans of France. The Veterans' Civil Service Guild had decided to withdraw from the Legion.

The Convention devoted special attention to questions concerning the care of the disabled, dependent and distressed. Every known deficiency and inconsistency of the Pension Act was discussed, and concrete proposals advanced for its improvement. Suggestions for the extension of the scope and improvement of the facilities of the D.S.C.R. in dealing with treatment claims were formulated, as well as suggestions to speed up and extend the scope of the Federal Appeal Board. The needs of soldier settlers and problems of war veterans in the Federal Civil Service received attention. Canadian fuel independence, populating lands available for settlement purposes, development of natural resources, the fostering of a truly Canadian spirit, were other matters in which the Convention took an an interest. Unanimous support of the League of Nations was expressed and, in the interests of world peace, the general enactment of measures was proposed to provide for the conscription of wealth as well as of the persons and liberties of citizens in the event of another war. A gratifying feature of the Convention was the attainment of an agreement between representatives of the Imperial Veterans in Canada and The Legion establishing the basis for the entry of the Imperial Veterans in the united organization. Officers elected were: National President, Sir Percy Lake, K.C.M.G., K.C.B.; National First Vice-President, Lieut.Col. L. R. LaFleche, A.D.C., D.S.O., Ottawa; National Second Vice-President, Lieut.-Col. James McAra, Regina; National Chairman, A. E. Moore, Winnipeg; National Vice-Chairman, Major J. S. Roper, м.C., Halifax; Honorary National Treasurer, J. A. McIsaac, Ottawa.

The Navy League of Canada.

The League had as its aims:

(1) To help all to realize how essential a Navy is, and how honourable a part Canada must take in the Naval Defence of the Empire, for the maintenance of world peace and freedom, and to convince all Canadians of our vital dependence on the sea as a Nation, and of the inter-dependence of Canadian industry and naval defence. (2) To have Canadian goods carried on Canadian railroads, shipped in Canadan ships and manned by Canadian officers and men. (3) Our trade routes being protected by the Navy, the safety of our lives and goods when at sea is thus dependent on the Captain, officers and men; therefore, the Navy League raises from a willing and grateful public contributions for all seamen and their dependents.'

"

The 9th Annual Meeting of the Dominion Council was held in Calgary, May 30, 1927. In his presidential address, Sam Harris, S.S.D., A.F.S., Toronto, emphasized the lack of preparedness in Canada and the defenceless position of the country. He compared Canada's naval expenditure of $1,500,000 with Britain's $367,000,000, the United States' $317,500,000 and France's $312, 500,000. Even Cuba spent nearly 14 times more than Canada. On a per capita basis, Britain was spending $6.50, Australia $3,25, New Zealand $2.00 and South Africa 42 cts., compared with 15 cts., by Canada. "The time has come," declared Mr. Harris, "when the Navy League must broadcast the principles for which it stands, in no uncertain way, through the loyal and fair-minded people of Canada, to those in charge of our Government."

Among the resolutions adopted were the following: (1) That the Dominion Council take steps to awaken the people of Canada to a realization of their duty by a vigorous educational campaign. (2) That the Dominion Council urge upon the Federal Government the claims of the widows and orphans and the incapacitated men of the Merchant Marine who suffered on the high seas during the Great War. The report of Admiral W. Oswald Storey, C.B.E., Guelph, Honorary Supervisor of the Sea Cadets of Canada, on the great progress of the cadets in every part of the country was encouraging, as was also the report of the Dominion Secretary, Lt. Col. Cecil G. Williams, on membership, which told of large additions. Officers elected were: President, Sam Harris, s.S.D., A.F.S., Toronto; Vice-Presidents, Miss R. M. Church, Toronto; Captain H. Pybus, Vancouver; Robert Reford, Montreal; J. O. Hyndman, Charlottetown; D. C. Coleman, Winnipeg; Patrick Burns, Calgary; Hon. Secretary-Treasurer, C. W. Rowley, Toronto. The Dominion Secretary was Lt.-Col. C. G. Williams, Toronto, and the Dominion Treasurer, G. E. Heal, Toronto.

The Catholic Sailors' Club of Montreal. In existence since 1893, the Club premises were badly damaged by fire on Dec. 4, 1926. Steps were at once taken to rebuild and the restored structure was ready to receive sailors when navigation opened in the Spring of 1927. The work of renovation was directed by a committee composed of Captain J. T. Walsh, President; Dr. F. J. Hackett, Vice-President; P. H. Bartley, Treasurer; Major M. J. McCrory, Secretary and Dr. W. H. Athreton, Manager of the Club. The Ladies' Board, of which Lady Hingston was President, had a special altarfurnishing committee to repair the damage done to the altar, sacristy and vestments.

Canadian Fraternal Association. Some twenty fraternal societies, with a combined membership of over 302,000, were represented at the 36th Annual Convention in Toronto, May 18-19, 1927. It was reported by W. F. Montague, Secretary, that the Societies represented carried insurance for their members to the amount of $276,000,000. During the Convention a number of papers and addresses were delivered, principally on insurance questions. Officers elected were: President, Major A. F. Van Someren, Brantford; Vice-President, F. S. Mearns, Toronto; Secretary-Treasurer, W. F. Montague, Hamilton; Counsellor, Lyman Lee, Hamilton; Executive Member, F. J. Curran, Montreal.

The Masonic Order. This great fraternal organization experienced continued growth in all its branches in 1926, as revealed in the reports presented at the Annual Communications of the various Grand Lodges. The Grand Lodge of Nova Scotia, A F. & A. M., held its 61st Annual Communication in Halifax, June 9-10, 1926. The Grand Secretary, James C. Jones, reported 79 chartered lodges and 1 lodge under dispensation, with 9,744 subscribing members, a gain of 82. Total receipts for 1926 amounted to $25,183, an increase over 1925 of $586. Officers elected were: Grand Master, Arthur J. Davis, Halifax; Deputy Grand Master, Donald A. Morrison, Louisburg; S. G. Warden, Frank E. Rice, Digby; J. G. Warden, Guy C. Dexter, Liverpool; Grand Treasurer, John MacAloney, Halifax; Grand Secretary, James C. Jones, Halifax. The Grand Lodge of New Brunswick, A.F. & A.M., held its 59th Annual Communication in Saint John, Aug. 26, 1926. The Grand Secretary, J. Twining Hartt, reported total membership at Dec. 27, 1925, of 5,989. Receipts from fees and dues were $6,252, and from special assessment, $5,594. Officers elected were: Grand Master, James Vroom, м.A.; Deputy Grand Master, John Thornton; S. G. Warden, Raymond M. Gabel; J. G. Warden, Allyn R. Fraser ; Grand Chaplain, Rev. C. G. Lawrence, M.A.; Grand Treasurer, A. Ernest Everett. The 51st Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge of Prince Edward Island, A.F. & A.M., was held in Charlottetown, June 23, 1926. The Grand Secretary, Ernest Kemp, reported membership of 1,177, an increase of 8. Officers elected were: Grand Master, John M. Nicholson, Summerside; Deputy Grand Master, Wm. J. Drake, Charlottetown; S. G. Warden, Peter Sinclair, Emerald; J.G. Warden, V. L. Goodwill, Charlottetown; Grand Treasurer, Benjamin Rogers, Charlottetown, and Grand Secretary, Ernest Kemp, Charlottetown.

The Grand Lodge of Quebec, A.F. & A.M., held its 57th Annual Communication in Montreal on Feb. 9, 1927. The Grand Secretary, W. W. Williamson, reported membership for 1926 at 14,689, an increase for the year of 537. There was a gain in assets of $18,685, making the total assets $242,016. Officers elected were: Grand Master, Walter C. Hagar, Montreal; Deputy Grand Master, Henry Willis, Quebec; G. S. Warden, R. F. Whatley, Sherbrooke; G.J. Warden, D. Robertson, Hull; Grand Treasurer, A. F. C. Ross, Montreal; Grand Secretary, W. W. Williamson, Montreal; Grand Registrar, J. A. McKerrow, Montreal.-The 71st Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge of Canada in the Province of Ontario was held at the cities of Fort William and Port Arthur, July 21-22, 1926. The Grand Master, John A. Rowland, Toronto, reported that for the year ended May 31, 1926, receipts amounted to $149,000, and expenditures to $38,500 on general account, and $105,000 on benevolence. Assets in general fund were $336,860, and in S. C. fund, $105,650. Membership was estimated at 110,000, as compared with 107,000 in the previous year. The