Assonance and rhyme, 373; identical suffixes, 373; assonance, 375; word play,
375.
Measures by word or accent, 376; trimeter, 376; tetrameter, 379; pentameter,
380; hexameter, 382; varying measures, 384.
Parallelism of members, 385; the couplet, 385; the triplet, 388; the tetrastich,
390; the pentastich, 392; the hexastich, 394; the heptastich, 395; the
octastich, 397; the decastich, 397.
The strophe, 398; of two lines, 400; of three lines, 401; of four lines, 401; of
five lines, 402; of six lines, 403; of seven lines, 406; of eight lines, 407; of
nine lines, 410; of ten lines, 411; of twelve lines, 411; of fourteen lines,
412; unequal strophes, 413.
Lyric poetry, 415; the hymn, prayer, and song of Moses, 415; Psalter, 415;
Lamentations, 415.
Gnomic poetry, 416; fable, 416; riddle, 417; temperance poem, 418; gnome of
the sluggard, 418.
Composite poetry, 418; dramatic poetry, 419; Psalm xxiv. 419; Hosea xiv. 419;
Job, 420; Song of Songs, 420; Poetry of Wisdom, 422; Job xxxi. 422;
prophetic poetry, 424; Isaiah liii. 424.
Oral and written Word, 427; general interpretation, 428; art of understanding
and explaining, 428.
Rabbinical interpretation, 429; legal or Halacha, 430; illustrative or Haggada,
431; allegorical or Sodh, 432; Cabala or mystic, 432; literal or Peshat, 433.
Hellenistic interpretation, 434; allegorical method of Philo, 434; rules of
allegory, 435.
Interpretation of the Old Testament in the New Testament, 436; Jesus' use of
the Halacha, 437; of Haggada, 438; of the Sodh, 438; Jesus' characteristic
methods, 441; methods of the apostles, 443.
Interpretation of the Fathers and of the Schoolmen, 447; Tertullian, 447;
Clement of Alexandria, and Origen, 448; Tychonius' rules, 449; Augustine's
rules, 449; Antiochan school, 451; tradition and ecclesiastical authority,
453; Epitomes, Postiles, Glosses, 454; Lyra, 454; Council of Trent, 455.
Interpretation of the Reformers and their successors, 456; Erasmus and Tyn-
dale, 456; the Protestant principle, 457; the scholastics, 458.
The Interpretation of the Puritan and Arminians, 459; Cartwright, 459; Ball,
460; Westminster Confession, 461; Leigh, 462; Francis Roberts, 464; Fed-
eral school, 466; Pietism, 467; Grotius, Hammond, and John Taylor, 468.
Biblical interpretation of modern times, 469; Ernesti, 469; Semler, 469; the
grammatico-historical method, 470; Schleiermacher and the organic method,
471; the method of interpretation of Scripture as the history of redemption,
472.
Grammatical interpretation, 474; philological study, 474; great improvement in
knowledge of Biblical languages, 475.
Logical and rhetorical interpretation, 476; laws of thought, 476; logic of Bibli-
cal authors, 477; Biblical rhetoric, 478.
Historical interpretation, 478; mistakes of supernaturalism, 479; tradition versus
history, 479.
Comparative interpretation, 480; mistakes of rationalists, 480; unity in variety,
480.
The literature of interpretation, 481; magnitude of the literature, 481; consent
of the fathers, 481; bondage to the theologians, 482.
Doctrinal interpretation, 483; the rule of faith, 483; the analogy of faith in the
substance of Holy Scripture, 483.
Practical interpretation, 484; the Bible a book of life, 484; Holy Spirit the
supreme interpreter, 485.
The use of Biblical History prior to the sixteenth century, 487; Josephus, 487;
Tatian, Hegesippus, and Julius Africanus, 488; Eusebius, 489; Sulpicius
Severus and Augustine, 489; Rudolf of Saxony, 489.
Study of Biblical History in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, 489; Har-
monies, 490; archæological writers, 490.
Study of Biblical History in the eighteenth century, 490; conflict of supernatu-
ralists with Deism, Atheism, and Rationalism, 490; mediating efforts, 491.
Biblical History in the nineteenth century, 491; Herder and Eichhorn, 491;
Deists and Thomas Payne, 492.
The mythical hypothesis, 493; De Wette and G. L. Baur, 493; Strauss, 493;
Ullmann, 495; failure of mythical hypothesis, 496.
The legendary hypothesis, 497; Renan, 497; failure of the legendary hypothe-
sis, 498.
The development hypothesis, 498; F. C. Baur and Vatke, 498; schools of Baur
and Neander, 499; Ritschl, 500; Harnack, 500; criticism of the school of
Ritschl, 503; Ewald, 504; Wellhausen, 504; Stade, Kittel, and Kent, 504;
Graetz and Jost, 505.
Advance in several departments of Biblical History, 505; the rise of contem-
porary history, 505; Schneckenberger and Bertheau, 505; more recent
studies in Oriental archæology, 506; unscientific methods of Sayce and
Hommel, 506; Robinson, the father of modern Biblical geography, 507;
Biblical geography since Robinson, 507.
The results of historical criticism, 508; defects of the older histories, 509; a
new Biblical History, 510.
Genesis of historical material, 511; illustrated from Biblical chronology, 512;
from the history of the chronicler, 513; from naming of Saint Peter, 514;
from speaking with tongues at Pentecost, 517.
Genuineness of historical material, 519; illustrated in question of the historicity
of Daniel, 519; of erroneous historical statements, 520; rashness in finding
errors, 521; the myth, 521; Arabic gospel of infancy, 522; the virgin birth
not a myth, 522; legends, 527; used in the epistles, 527; in the Gospels, 527.
Reliability of historical material, 529; illustrated by the story of the Deluge,
529; Water from the Rock, 529; Census of Quirinius, 530.
The Aim of Historical Criticism, 531; removal of erroneous traditions, 531; the
recovery of historic truth and fact, 532.
The Scope of Biblical History, 533; Biblical histories, 533; History contained
in other Holy Scriptures, 533.
Contemporary History, 534; of the ancient empires, 534; of New Testament
times, 534.
The History of Israel, 535; part of Universal History, 535; other nations guided
by Providence, 537.
Biblical History proper, 538; the types of Biblical History, 538; the theophanic
presence, 542; the kingdom of redemption, 547; divine fatherly discipline,
549; sovereignty of the Holy God, 550.
The Order of Biblical History, 553; History of the Old Covenant and New Cov-
enant, 553; Moses, David, Ezra, 553; Forerunners of Christ, Christ, and
his Apostles, 553.
Sections of Biblical History, 554; Biblical chronology and geography, 554; Bib-
The four types of theology, 569; the mystic, 570; the scholastic, 570; the
speculative, 571; the practical, 571; the comprehensive catholic, 571;
mingling of types, 572.
Rise of Biblical Theology, 575; Zacharia and Ammon, 575; distinguished from
dogmatics, 575; Gabler, 576; De Wette and Von Cöln, 578; the historical
principle, 576.
Development of Biblical Theology, 578; Strauss, 578; F. C. Baur, 578; theory
of Jewish Christian, and Pauline parties, 578; Neander's theory of types,
579; Schmid assigned Biblical Theology to Exegetical Theology, 579; Reuss
and Lutterbeck set Biblical Theology in the midst of the religious ideas of
the times, 583; Kuenen and Wellhausen, 585; recent investigations, 587;
younger Ritschlians, 589.
The Idea of Biblical Theology, 592; limited to canonical writings, 592; not a
history of religion in Biblical times, 593; how related to Dogmatics, 594;
the ethical element, 597; the element of religion, 597; the theology of the
Bible in its historic formation, 598.
The place of Biblical Theology, 599; not a part of Biblical History, 599; the
highest section of the study of the Bible, 600; the fundamental source of all
other divisions of Theology, 601.
Methods of Biblical Theology, 601; the genetic method, 601; the inductive
method, 602; the unity and variety, 602; blending of methods, 603.
System of Biblical Theology, 603; the covenant the dominant principle, 604;
historic divisions, 604; synthetic divisions, 604; the several types, 606.
Textual criticism and credibility, 621; errors in best texts obtainable, 621; no
infallibility of vowel points or script, 621; the divine authority in transla-
tions, 622; no stress to be laid on external letter of Scripture, 623; textual
form not infallible, 624.
The Higher Criticism and credibility, 627; traditional errors as to literature, 627;
inconsistencies due to variation of sources and authors, 628; literary form
not infallible, 629.
Historical Criticism and credibility, 631; discrepancies, 631; errors in sources,
631; historical form not infallible, 632; infallibility in substance of divine
teaching as to religion, faith, and morals, 633.
Is the Bible the Word of God? 634; it cannot be assumed but must be proved,
634; essential truthfulness consistent with circumstantial errors, 635; human
medium of revelation, 635; providential superintendence not inspiration,
636.
Must God speak inerrant words to men? 637; argument from the Book of
nature, 637; from theophanies, 638; from psychology and pedagogy, 638;
from the methods of Jesus, 639; Bible inerrant only in its religious instruc-
tion, 640.
Gradual development of the Hebrew religion, 641; burnt-offerings of human
beings, 641; sacrificial system, 642; laws of ceremonial sanctity, 643; in-
stitutions of Israel elementary, 643.
Gradual development of morality, 643; laws sufficient for the time, 643; but
inadequate for a later age, 644; the ethics of falsehood, 644; the spirit of
revenge, 644; Mosaic law of divorce, 645; the temporary and the eternal,
645; ethics of Jesus, 645.
Gradualness of Biblical doctrine, 646; doctrine of God, 646; vindictiveness, 646 ;
anthropomorphisms, 647; doctrine of man, 647; doctrine of redemption,
647; messianic ideals, 648; future life, 648; inadequateness of form, infal-
libility of substance, 649.
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